Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention PDF

 Republic of the Philippines CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE COMPONENT SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY Lucban, Quezon...

 Republic of the Philippines CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE COMPONENT SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY Lucban, Quezon DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE REV VEN T IO N P PRE OL and N TR CO P R E P A R E D B Y : E L I A H J E N G. D E A S I S , L P T  Republic of the Philippines CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE COMPONENT SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY Lucban, Quezon JECTIVES: OB At the end of the lesson, the students should do the following: 1. Define the nature of legal and illegal drugs; 2. Identify types of drugs; 3. Determine the symptoms of physical abuse and adverse effects of dangerous abuse; and 4. Understand the drug situation in the Philippines and Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002  Republic of the Philippines CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE COMPONENT SOUTHERN LUZON STATE UNIVERSITY W Lucban, Quezon E R R V V I I E E W V ODrug education program for the youth is an important undertaking particularly those who will be studying in the school. Presently, the youth of today comprise the most vulnerable group that can be affected by prohibited drugs. As revealed by General Edgar C. Galvante, former Executive Director, Dangerous Drug Board, most of the drug user start their habit early, usually during their teenage years. At present, situation, the youth (young people) are susceptible to the drugs experience because adolescence is the period of experimentation, exploration, curiousity, and search for identity.  RIV IVI IAA TTR  THE THE NATURE NATURE OF OF DRUG DRUG AND AND DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE (FAQS) (FAQS) A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or behavioral change in a person taking it.  THE THENATURE NATUREOF OFDRUG DRUGAND ANDDRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE(FAQS) (FAQS) ingestion injection applied topically inhalation used as suppository  THE THE NATURE NATURE OF OF DRUG DRUG AND AND DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE (FAQS) (FAQS) Any drug may be harmful when taken in excess. Some drugs can also be harmful if taken in dangerous combinations or by hypersensitive (allergic) person in ordinary or even small amounts.  THE THE NATURE NATURE OF OF DRUG DRUG AND AND DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE (FAQS) (FAQS) “medicines” can solve problems widespread access to various drugs “peer pressure” drugs give enjoyment to the users alcoholic substitute  THE THE NATURE NATURE OF OF DRUG DRUG AND AND DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE (FAQS) (FAQS) Drug abuse is the use of chemical substance, licit or illicit, which results in an individual’s physical, mental, or social impairment. It may refer to any of the following practices: 1. Using, without benefit or prescription 2. Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the one for which the drug has been prescribed; and 3. Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical application  THE THE NATURE NATURE OF OF DRUG DRUG AND AND DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE (FAQS) (FAQS) glue (Toluene and xylene), paint thinners (Toluene and xylene), gasoline and other volatile (breathable) solvents ( tianeptine) * They should be sold and used with caution.  LEGAL LEGAL AND AND ILLEGAL ILLEGAL DRUGS DRUGS Legal drugs are lawful, but they may be subject to age, location of use, and sale regulations that the government regulates and controls. Illegal drugs are not subject to qualify or price controls, and the amount of active ingredients varies. As a result, a person who uses illegal drugs has no idea how potent the drug is or what is in it.  TERMS TERMS RELATED RELATED TO TO DRUGS DRUGS Drugs are chemicals that affect a person in such way as to bring about physiological, emotional, or behavioral change. Dangerous drugs are those that have high tendency for abuse and dependency. These substances may be organic or synthetic and pose harm to those who use them. Drug Dependency is the state of physical and psychological dependence, or both, on a dangerous drug, or drugs, experienced by a person following the use of that substance on a periodic or continuous basis. A person dependent on drugs will experience withdrawal reactions (also known as “cold turkey” symptoms that occur after long-term use of a drug is reduced or stopped abruptly) after abstaining from drugs  TERMS TERMS RELATED RELATED TO TO DRUGS DRUGS Drug addiction is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is characterized by excessive drug craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use. Drug Rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances.  TERMS TERMS RELATED RELATED TO TO DRUGS DRUGS Drug addiction is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is characterized by excessive drug craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use. Drug Rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances. Drug abuse is the continuous misuse of any substance, licit, or illicit which results in changes in an individual’s physical, mental or behavioral condition. Drug abuse exists when a person continually uses a drug other than its intended purpose.  TYPES OF DRUGS TYPES OF DRUGS Prescription drugs- are doctor-prescribed medications, also known as pharmaceuticals. It can cause both short and long-term harm if not used correctly. E.g. pain relievers (codeine, oxycodone) and sleeping pills (benzodiazepines) Analgesics- known as pain killers, they alleviate the symptoms of pain. Unfortunately, some people take more than the recommended dose to get high or harm themselves. E.g. aspirin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol (available without prescription) codeine, fentanyl, morphine, oxycodone and pethidine (needs doctor’s prescription)  TYPES OF DRUGS TYPES OF DRUGS Depressants- Your senses may be impacted and altered, causing you to perceive things differently when you see, hear, taste, or smell them. E.g. Alcohol, benzodiazepines, cannabis, gamma-hydroxybutyrate, ketamine, and opioids Hallucinogens- Change your perception of reality and the way you see, hear, taste, smell, and feel things. You may, for example, hallucinate or see or hear things that are not real. E.g. Cannabis, ketamine, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), psilocybin (magic mushrooms), and PCP (phencyclidine)  TYPES OF DRUGS TYPES OF DRUGS Stimulants- Speed up the body’s transmission of message to the brain, which may cause your heart to beat more quickly, your blood pressure to rise, and your body temperature to soar. E.g. amphetamines, methamphetamines (shabu), caffeine, cocaine, ecstasy and nicotine. Inhalants- Substances inhaled through the nose (sniffing) or mouth. They are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, providing the user an immediate high. E.g. Volatile solvents (e.g., paint thinners and removers, glues, petrol, rugby), aerosol sprays (e.g., spray paint, deodorants and hairsprays, fly sprays, vegetable oil sprays), gases (e.g., nitrous oxide, propane, butane, helium), and nitrites (e.g., room deodorizers, leather cleaners)  TYPES OF DRUGS TYPES OF DRUGS Opioids- also known as opiates or narcotics, they are a type of painkiller that can be derived from poppy plants (heroin) or synthesized (fentanyl). They are addictive because they can cause feelings of well-being or euphoria. E.g. Codeine, heroin, methadone, and oxycodone Party drugs- a combination of stimulants and hallucinogens. Young people frequently use them to enhance their party, festival, or concert experience. E.g. ecstasy  COMMON REASONS WHY PEOPLE COMMON REASONS WHY PEOPLE START DOING DRUG ABUSE START DOING DRUG ABUSE a. Social glorification b. Family crisis or domestic violence c. Peer pressure d. Self-medication and escape e. Grieving after loss f. Reducing stress g. Thrill seeking and curiosity h. Boredom  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE Bloodshot or glazed eyes Mood swings Dilated or constricted pupils Withdrawal from family Abrupt weight changes members Problems in sleeping or Loss of interest in hobbies sleeping to much or other favorite activities Looking unkempt (messy) Sniffy or runny nose Poor physical coordination  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE PERSON: Physical Health: chronic health problems such as heart disease, liver damage, respiratory issues, brain damage, weakened immune system, and overdose, which can result in death. Mental Health: can cause or exacerbate mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations. Long-term abuse may lead to conditions like psychosis and permanent cognitive impairment. Addiction: Regular use can lead to dependency, causing a loss of control over drug consumption and a compulsion to continue using despite harmful consequences.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE PERSON: Social and Emotional Well-being: Drug abuse often leads to isolation, broken relationships, loss of interest in personal goals, and a diminished quality of life. It can also contribute to risky behaviors such as unprotected sex or dangerous driving  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE FAMILY: Emotional and Psychological Stress: Family members often experience feelings of guilt, fear, and helplessness as they watch a loved one struggle with addiction. It can lead to strained or broken relationships, creating a toxic home environment. Financial Burden: Drug addiction can result in job loss or reduced earning capacity, putting a significant financial strain on the family. The costs associated with treatment, legal issues, and replacing stolen property can be overwhelming.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE FAMILY: Neglect and Abuse: In families where a parent or guardian is abusing drugs, children may face neglect or abuse, leading to developmental, emotional, and psychological problems. Enabling and Codependency: Family members may unknowingly enable the addicted person’s behavior, fostering codependency and perpetuating the cycle of abuse.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE SCHOOL: Academic Performance: Students who abuse drugs are more likely to experience a decline in academic performance due to impaired concentration, memory issues, and absenteeism. They may also drop out of school entirely. Disciplinary Issues: Drug abuse can lead to behavioral problems such as aggression, truancy, or involvement in illegal activities like drug distribution. Schools may need to address increased violence, theft, and other disruptions linked to substance abuse.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE SCHOOL: Peer Influence: The presence of drug abuse within the school environment can influence other students, leading to peer pressure and the normalization of drug use. This can create a toxic school culture that undermines the well-being of the entire student body. Strained Resources: Schools may have to allocate additional resources to counseling, rehabilitation programs, and disciplinary measures, diverting funds from other essential areas of education.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE COMMUNITY: Public Health Concerns: Widespread drug abuse can overwhelm healthcare systems with increased demand for emergency services, rehabilitation centers, and long-term care facilities. It can also contribute to the spread of diseases like HIV and hepatitis through shared needles. Crime and Violence: Drug abuse is often linked to increased crime rates, including theft, vandalism, and violent crimes. It can also foster the growth of illegal drug markets and gang activity, making communities less safe.  SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE COMMUNITY: Economic Impact: The economic burden of drug abuse on a community can be enormous. Costs associated with healthcare, law enforcement, lost productivity, and social services can strain public resources and reduce the quality of life for all residents. Social Cohesion: Drug abuse can erode trust and relationships within the community, leading to stigma, discrimination, and fractured social networks. It can also reduce community engagement and contribute to the breakdown of community institutions such as schools and local businesses.  THE DRUG SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES The Dangerous Drug Board (2020) reported that there were 1.6 million drug users in the Philippines in 2019. According to Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (2020), the most used drugs are shabu (95.47%); marijuana (4.29%); and cocaine, ecstasy etc. (0.24%). The majority of nation’s barangay affected by drug use are National Capital Region (92.26%); Region 4A (49.28%); and Region 7 (48.82%). In the same annual report, three of the users were 11 years old, twelve were 14 years old, thirty-five were 15 years old, and one hundred twelve were 17 years old. THE DRUG SITUATION IN THE PHILIPPINES COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS  THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACTS OF 200 REPUBLIC ACT 9165 JUNE 7, 2002 AN ACT INSTITUTING THE COMPREHNSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACTS OF 2002, REPEALING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6425, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.  THE THE COMPREHENSIVE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DRUGS DRUGS ACTS ACTS OF OF 200 200 Section 1. Short title: “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” Section 2. Declaration of Policy. It is the policy of the State to safeguard the integrity of its territory and the well-being of its citizenry particularly the youth, from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on their physical and mental well- being, and to defend the same against acts or omissions detrimental to their development and preservation. In view of the foregoing, the State need to enhance further the efficacy of the law against dangerous drugs, it being one of today’s more serious social ills. Toward this end, the government shall pursue an intensive and unrelenting campaign against the trafficking and use of dangerous drugs and other similar substances through an integrated system of planning, implementation and enforcement of anti-drug abuse policies, programs and projects. UNLAWFUL UNLAWFUL ACTS ACTS AND AND PENALTIES PENALTIES UNLAWFUL UNLAWFUL ACTS ACTS AND AND PENALTIES PENALTIES UNLAWFUL UNLAWFUL ACTS ACTS AND AND PENALTIES PENALTIES  CHED CHED AND AND TESDA’S TESDA’S ROLES ROLES AND AND RESPONSIBILITIES RESPONSIBILITIES TO TO PREVENT PREVENT DRUG DRUG ADDICTION ADDICTION IN IN THE THE SCHOOLS SCHOOLS RA 9165, Article IV, mandates the following functions: Instructions on drug abuse prevention and control be integrated into the elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all private schools, whether general, technical, vocational or agro-industrial. Provide continuing in-service training of teachers on the effective utilization of the support instructional materials and teaching strategies on drug education. Secure funds from local and foreign donors for the implementation of the drug education program.  CHED CHED AND AND TESDA’S TESDA’S ROLES ROLES AND AND RESPONSIBILITIES RESPONSIBILITIES TO TO PREVENT PREVENT DRUG DRUG ADDICTION ADDICTION IN IN THE THE SCHOOLS SCHOOLS RA 9165, Article IV, mandates the following functions: CHED enrichment and updating the integration of dangerous drug prevention concepts in the general education of all higher education course offerings and the professional subjects, especially in health-related and science teacher education courses. TESDA integrating drug abuse prevention concepts in the technical, vocational, and agro-industrial courses and appropriate instructional materials for technical education and skills development.  GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT RESPONSE RESPONSE TO TO THE THE PROBLEMS PROBLEMS 1. Preventive educational programs to dissuade users or potential users from experimenting with illegal drugs and/or continuing to use them. 2. Treatment and rehabilitation programs aimed at facilitating abstinence. 3. Intensified campaigns against illegal drugs and drug trafficking. 4. Implementation of judicial and legislative measures. 5. National, regional and international cooperation to fight illegal drug trafficking and abuse of dangerous drugs. 6. Implementation of drug testing of all government and non-government employees and university students. 7. Drug Information and Action Line (DIAL) was created to receive reports and complaints related to drug abuse and aid the public in drug-related cases.  10 10 WAYS WAYS FOR FOR YOUTH YOUTH TO TO PREVENT PREVENT DRUG DRUG ABUSE ABUSE 1. Resist peer pressure 2. Abstain from drug use 3. Seek professional help 4. Live a healthy and balance lifestyle 5. Foster a strong family relationship 6. Take time for self-care 7. Learn healthy coping skills 8. Obtain education on the dangers of drug abuse 9. Take only prescribed medication 10. Practice mindfulness activities “As good citizens, let us be keepers of life and create a safe environment through our respective positions. Let us join hands in keeping a DRUG-FREE society.”  THANK YOU & HAVE A GOOD DAY!