Module 1 Personality & Attitude PDF

INDIVIDUAL EXCELLENCE AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS BS105 PIG ANALYSIS Draw a Pig ona sheet of paper  Pig analysis the bottom Facing left...

INDIVIDUAL EXCELLENCE AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS BS105 PIG ANALYSIS Draw a Pig ona sheet of paper  Pig analysis the bottom Facing left You tend to be You tend to believe top of the paper the middle pessimistic and may in tradition and be you tend to be positive and optimistic. You tend to be a realist. be prone to friendly; you may behaving negatively. also be prone to remembering dates well. Facing Right Facing front With many details With few details You tend to be innovative and active, but may be prone to You tend to be direct, and may enjoy playing the role of devil’s You tend to be You tend to be emotional and to focus on the larger picture rather forgetting dates easily and may advocate; you also are prone to analytical, but may than focusing on details. You also not have a strong sense of family. neither fearing nor avoiding also be prone to have a tendency to be confrontational discussions. a great risk taker and may being cautious to sometimes be prone to reckless the point that you and impulsive decisions. struggle with trust. less than 4 legs 4 legs showing large ears showing You have a tendency Indicates how good May indicate that to be secure and to of a listener you are you are living stick to your ideals; (the bigger, the through a major however, others may better). With a long period of change and describe you as tail – Indicates how as a result you may stubborn. intelligent you are be prone to (the longer, the THANKFULLY Pig analysis has no scientific evidence At the end of the semester  To understand attitudes and its relevance with personality  To relate Emotional Competency with Power of Motivation  To explain of Values, Ethics & Morality among students  To discuss cultural and social dynamics But How will I know… Learning articulation portfolio SAP- social awareness program – analyse a real life situation and develop solutions Interdisciplinary Project – Network with corporates/ carry out industry research to understand and observe behavioural skills in daily work practices  Sr. Assesment type Weightage Tentative date No 1 Midterm 10% 11-15 April 2 SAP 5% 30th March Assesment 3 Learning 10% Continuous. Watch out for Articulation assignments in my PPt that need Portfolio (LAP) to be done for LAP. Last date for submission 31st May schedule 4 Class Quiz 10% 18th May 5 Interdisciplinary 10% Last date for presentations 1st Project June 6 Attendance 5% Well.. Every class counts 7 End term Exam 50% 13th June-1st July  INDIVIDUAL EXCELLENCE AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS Module 1   Understanding Personality  Role of Nature and Nurture in Personality Developme  TEA Model of Self  Component of Self  Real Self, Role Self, Ideal Self  Self-Awareness In this  Techniques of Self Awareness – Johari Window and SWOT Analysis of Self module  Big 5 factor  Meaning and nature of attitude  Components and Formation of attitude  Importance and relevance of attitude  Attitudinal Change  Prejudice, Discrimination, Stereotype  Building Positive Attitude UNDERSTANDING PERSONALITY Personality Consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within the individual – Consistent patterns of behavior To an extent, individual behavior is consistent across time and situations – Intrapersonal processes Emotional, motivational, and cognitive processes that influence individual's feelings and actions 1-5 You Are What Makes You Laugh Everybody loves to laugh, but what does your humor style say about your personality? – A person who uses put-down humor may do so as an acceptable way to channel aggression, – a person who always uses self-deprecating humor may do so as a result of their self-loathing. – People who tell jokes to relieve a tense situation are often warm and good-natured. – The ability to laugh in the face of danger can suggest a healthy psyche. – What we find funny may also be tied to other aspects of our personalities. The term personality is derived from the Latin word Persona meaning a Mask. The visible aspect of one's character as it impresses others: He has a pleasing personality. The sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, and social characteristics of an individual  “Personality is the totality of habits, attitudes and traits that result from Definition socialization and characterizes us in our relationship with others “ Anderson and Parker “Personality represents those structural and dynamic properties of an individual or individuals as they reflect themselves in characteristic responses to situations ” Lawrence A Pewin “Personality is made up the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. It arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life ” Characteristics of personality Psychologica Consistency l and physiological Behaviors Multiple and actions expressions ROLE OF NATURE AND NURTURE  Factors Heredity Constitutional factors Biological factors Intelligence gender determinin Environment g Physical Social personalit Family Culture y School developm ent Self Concept Posituve negative Interpersonal relationships Psychological factors How do we become who we are?? Heredity Costitutional Short & stout Tall and thin Muscular and proportional Biological Intellect Gender Environment Physical Social Family Culture School Self concept Positive Negativ e  Friendship Interperson Love al relationship s Sympathy hostility Psychological factors Interests Attitudes Free will Intellect Characte ual r capacity Personality development Nature Nurture V/ s Nature Vs Nurture Nature refers to all of the genes and hereditary factor Nurture refers to all the environmental variables Examples For example, when a person achieves If a man abuses his wife tremendous academic and kids, is it because success, did they do so he was born with violent because they are tendencies or is it genetically predisposed something he learned to be successful or is it by observing his own a result of an enriched parent's behavior? environment?  Are you the way you are because you were born that way, or because of the way you were raised? The debate Do your genetics and biology dictate your personality and behavior, or is it your environment and how you were raised?  Is your personality more like one of your parents than the other? If you have a sibling, is his or her personality like yours? In your family, how did these similarities and differences develop? What do you think caused them? Can you think of a human characteristic for which THINK IT genetic differences would play almost no role? Defend your choice. OVER Do you think the time will come when we will be LAP 1 able to predict almost everything about someone by examining their DNA on the day they are born? Identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins for the trait of aggressiveness, as well as for criminal behavior. Do these facts have implications for the courtroom? If it can be shown that a violent criminal had violent parents, should it make a difference in culpability or sentencing? The Person and the Situation Both the situation and the person influence behavior Individual's personality determines: How different he/she is from others How he/she behaves in the different situations 1-4 Password to Personality Most people pick computer passwords quickly, while others think long and hard. Regardless of how you devise your login, chances are it will be easier to crack than you think. Most people choose Family: name, nickname, or passwords that reflect their birth date of self or family personal lives and interests. member One study says passwords are Fan: names of athletes, movie unintentionally revealing stars, singers, or fictional because people tend to characters choose the first things that Fantasists: interest in a come to mind. fantasy identity such as Four distinct types: family, “goddess” fan, fantasists, and cryptics Cryptics: mixing letters, numbers, symbols, and punctuation LAP 2 Thinking Critically What personality characteristics characterize each of the four main types of password users? How do you select your computer passwords? What do they reveal about your personality?  MODELS OF UNDERSTANDING SELF T-E-A model, Johari Window, self concept TEA MODEL OF UNDERSTANDI NG SELF INTEGRAT ED SELF DISINTEGRATE D SELF UNDERSTANDI NG YOUR SELF Self concept The individual's belief about himself or herself, including the person's attributes and who and what the self is". – Baumeister (1999)  Your Image of the kind of person you are Self – Who am I- self awareness – What I can do concept – It includes not only what we think about our self, also we think we should be (Ideal self) LAP Activity 3- Words That Describe Me Circle the words that describe you. Add additional words. – Adaptive Dependable Compassionate Respectful Energetic Creative Complex Balanced – Quiet Self-Aware Intelligent Hard Worker Calm Eccentric Confidant Realistic Cooperative Attentive – Tolerant Fearless Capable with Hands Humble Clever Thoughtful Cautious Shy Picky LAP Activity-4 What do you think about your life What do you want other people to think about you Will you make an effort to live up to that image What do you think about others? what do your family members think of you? Define your self in one line?  self Image The view you have of yourself Componen ts of self self Rogers- 3 estee How much value m you place on parts of yourself Self Ideal concept self What you wish you were really like (ideal-self)  Self Image- How you see your self Who am I – Physical Description – Social Roles – Personal traits – Existential statements This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY  Self-esteem (the extent to which you value yourself) High self- Low self-esteem esteem (we (we have a have a positive negative view of view of in our own Confidence ourselves) This tends to lead to abilities ourselves) Lack of confidence Self-acceptance Want to be/look like Not worrying about someone else what others think Always worrying what This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Optimism others might think Pessimism 4 major factors that influence self-esteem The Reaction of Others Comparison with Others Social Roles identification IDEAL SELF (WHAT YOU'D LIKE TO BE )  A Portrait of Yourself The best thing(s) I ever did was (were) _______________________________________ I wish I could lose my fear of _______________________________________________ I know I have the talent to _________________________________________________ LaP ativity I enjoy people who _______________________________________________________ I admire 5- a ________________________________________________________________ I feel most productive when ________________________________________________ portrait of I am motivated by ________________________________________________________ I almost never your self ___________________________________________________________ My idea of fun is _________________________________________________________ Work is exciting when _____________________________________________________ The best advice I ever got was ______________________________________________ The thing I value most is ___________________________________________________ If money were no object, I would ____________________________________________ MEANING AND IMPORTANCE Self esteem Self efficacy Self respect Components of self Rogers- 3 parts of Self concept self The view you have of yourself Image self How much value you place on yourself esteem What you wish you were really Ideal self like (ideal-self)  A Portrait of Yourself The best thing(s) I ever did was (were) _______________________________________ I wish I could lose my fear of _______________________________________________ I know I have the talent to _________________________________________________ LaP ativity I enjoy people who _______________________________________________________ I admire 6- a ________________________________________________________________ I feel most productive when ________________________________________________ portrait of I am motivated by ________________________________________________________ I almost never your self ___________________________________________________________ My idea of fun is _________________________________________________________ Work is exciting when _____________________________________________________ The best advice I ever got was ______________________________________________ The thing I value most is ___________________________________________________ If money were no object, I would ____________________________________________ JOHARI WINDOW JOHARI WINDOW Johari Window of Someone with High Self-Awareness and High Trust Johari Window of Someone with Low Self-Awareness and Low Trust Applying johari window Open frame Blind frame Hidden frame The unknown frame Using johari window CLASS ACTIVIT Y How has your johari window changed due to social media SELF AWARENESS  Where do I Where am I What is How will I get What help do I Who am I come from- going stopping me there need Knowledge knowledge of Dreams Knowing Plans Resources Skills history, Ambition barriers to Goals Finance Health family, Career our progress Objectives Time Family ancestry, Vocation People Social geographicva Matewrial commitments l location Authority Responsibiliti es Interests Likes & dislikes Self awareness  BIG 5 PERSONALI TY BIG 5- O openness Ocean Conscientiousn c ess E Extraversion A Agreeableness N Neuroticism Openness High Low Very Creative Dislikes change Does not enjoy new things Open to trying new things Resists new ideas Focused on tackling new challenges Not very imaginative Happy to think about abstract Dislikes abstract or theoretical concepts concepts Conscientiousness HIGH LOW Spends time preparing Dislikes structure and Finishes important tasks schedules right away Makes messes and doesn't Pays attention to detail take care of things Enjoys having a set Fails to return things or put schedule them back where they belong Procrastinates important tasks Fails to complete necessary or assigned tasks  Extraversion High Low Enjoys being the center of Prefers solitude attention Feels exhausted when having to Likes to start conversations socialize a lot Enjoys meeting new people Finds it difficult to start Has a wide social circle of conversations friends and acquaintances Dislikes making small talk Finds it easy to make new Carefully thinks things through friends before speaking Feels energized when around Dislikes being the center of other people attention Say things before thinking about them Agreeableness HIGH LOW Has a great deal of interest in Takes little interest in others other people Doesn't care about how other Cares about others people feel Feels empathy and concern Has little interest in other for other people people's problems Enjoys helping and Insults and belittles others contributing to the happiness Manipulates others to get of other people what they want Assists others who are in need of help  High Experiences a lot of stress Worries about many different things Gets upset easily Neuroticis Experiences dramatic shifts in mood Feels anxious m Struggles to bounce back after stressful events Low Emotionally stable Deals well with stress Rarely feels sad or depressed Doesn't worry much Is very relaxed LETS TAKE https://www.outofservice.com/ bigfive/ THE BIG 5 How did you score? TEST LAP7 ATTITUDE THE GREATEST DISCOVERY OF MY GENERATION IS THAT A HUMAN BEING CAN ALTER HIS/ HER LIFE BY CHANGING HIS/ HER ATTITUDE William James  What's your opinion on the death penalty? Which political party does a better job of running the What’s country? Should parties be allowed in your view? schools? Should violence on television be regulated? Is Censorship good ? Attitude The way a person feels about something – a person, place, commodity, situation or idea Expresses an individuals positive or negative feelings about some object  Attitudes refer to feelings and beliefs of individuals or groups of individuals Nature of Attitudes tend to result in behavior or action Attitude All people, irrespective of their status of intelligence hold attitudes  ATTITUDES ATTITUDE INFLUENCE OBJECT Behaviour Anything Attention toward which we have an attitude LAP-6-list your attitudes List 5 of your positive List 5 of your Negative attitudes attitudes 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5  Cognitive (thinking) thought belief Componen Affective (emotional) ts of positive or negative Attitude very strong-to very weak Behavioral (acting) act or not act Example attitude object : Icecream Cognitive Affective Behavioura Icecream is I like l good Icecream I eat Icecream This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-N Three types of people and attitudes Positiv Negati Neutr e ve al Confidence Anger Ignore Happiness Doubt Lazy life Sincerity Frustration Unemotional Determination Cognitive Dissonance Cognitive Dissonance: unpleasant state of mind that motivates individuals to reduce dissonance – Discrepancy between an attitude and a behavior – eating a doughnut while thinking of reducing calorie intake – leads to psychological discomfort called cognitive dissonance (Harmon- Jones, 2019) How will cognitive dissonance change attitude? 1 2 3 4 Change one Change Add new Trivialise the thought behaviour thoughts/ inconsistency rationalise/just in thoughts ify Case study John works for a company that produces chemicals used in the manufacturing of plastics. He knows that some of the chemicals the company produces can have harmful effects on the environment and human health. However, he feels trapped in his job because he has a family to support and is not sure where else he could find work. Questions: – What beliefs might be causing cognitive dissonance for John? – What actions might be causing cognitive dissonance for John? – How might John resolve his cognitive dissonance? Prejudice discrimination and stereotyping Stereotypin Discriminati Prejudice – g– on - emotional cognitive behavioural  Stereotypes From are biased thoughts about a Category person due to the incorrect belief that the category accurately to describes them. Prejudice Combativ is a bias against people based on e their group membership. Discrimination is a behavior bias against a person (or group) based on stereotyped beliefs about that group Biases Blatant – Blatant biases (also called “explicit biases”) are conscious beliefs, feelings, and behavior that people are perfectly willing to admit, which express hostility toward other groups (outgroups) while unduly favoring one’s own group (in-group). Implicit – Subtle biases (also called “automatic” or “implicit” biases) are unexamined and sometimes unconscious, but just as real in their consequences. Discussion Questions? Do you know more people from different kinds of social groups than your parents did? How often do you hear people criticizing groups without knowing anything about them? How can people learn to get along with people who seem different from them?