Module 3 Ethics PDF

ETHICS MODULE 3 MORAL AGENCY  BONE OF CONTENTION Moral agency Moral Agent RATIONAL BEING Moral Responsibility Concept of Freedom Theory on Personhood  MORAL AGENCY It is the ability of a person to discern what is right and wro...

ETHICS MODULE 3 MORAL AGENCY  BONE OF CONTENTION Moral agency Moral Agent RATIONAL BEING Moral Responsibility Concept of Freedom Theory on Personhood  MORAL AGENCY It is the ability of a person to discern what is right and wrong based on a perceived notion of good and bad.  Many philosophers suggest that only rational beings, who can reason and form self interested judgments, are capable of being moral agents  RATIONAL BEING A PERSON is considered rational when his beliefs and actions conform to the dictates of those principles, or when he is subjectively guided by them. Principles-a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.  MORAL RESPONSIBILITY moral responsibility refers to arrangements appropriate for addressing widespread harm and wrongdoing associated with the actions of groups.  CONCEPT OF FREEDOM FREEDOM is a concept of doing something without influence , coerced and even forced by someone. CIRCUMTANCIAL FREEDOM-the freedom to act—the type of freedom that makes you do whatever you want to do. Metaphysical Freedom or Freewill or freedom to choose—the freedom of having genuine choices to do among the available options.  PERSON A Person is a being who is a part of our moral community A Person can do a good or bad action, and they can receive an action that can be deemed good or bad Reciprocal of Action-action that someone receive from somebody in reference to initial action  PERSON SOCIAL CHARACTERTISTIS ECONOMIC POLITICAL PHILOSOPHICAL DIGITAL SELF CULTURAL SELF  MORAL PRINCIPLES Moral principles are guidelines that people live by to make sure they are doing the right thing. These include things like honesty, fairness, and equality. Moral principles can be different for everyone because they depend on how a person was raised and what is important to them in life  Criteria for Personhood Criteria Description Considered as Persons Not Considered as Persons People, fetus, coma A being is a person if it has or is Pets, aliens, plants, the Genetic patients, human made of Human DNA. environment, animals excrement, criminals… A being is a person if it has some or all of the following cognitive traits: People without cognitive Human excrement, coma Cognitive consciousness, reasoning, self- disabilities, some patients, people with motivated actions, capacity to animals, criminals cognitive disabilities, fetus communicate, and self-awareness. a being is a person and when society recognizes him/her as a person, or People, fetus, coma Criminals, people who self- Social whenever someone cares about patients, pets isolate them. People who cannot feel a being is a person if it has People, pets, some pleasure/pain, coma Sentient sentience, or the ability to feel criminals, disabled patients, fetus (first pleasure and/or pain. people trimester)  FACTORS CULTURE LAW RELIGION MOTIVES EDUCATION  CULTURE Anything that comprises of material and non material thing (practices, belief)  LAW Policies created that instruct people to follow this is to make order.  RELIGION Any form of faith that is a beliefs in the existence of supreme divine being.  MORAL ISSUE Any issue with the potential to help or harm anyone, including oneself.  MOTIVES Motive a reason for doing something, especially one that is hidden or not obvious.  CLARIFY  MORAL ISSUE extra-marital affairs gambling homosexuality abortion pre-marital sex alcohol consumption divorce use of contraceptives