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REQUIREMENTS AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS FOR THE FIRST QUARTER INDIVIDUAL/PAIR/TRIAD GROUP (More than 3 members) 6 Seatwork and SPECIAL SPELLING QUI...

REQUIREMENTS AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS FOR THE FIRST QUARTER INDIVIDUAL/PAIR/TRIAD GROUP (More than 3 members) 6 Seatwork and SPECIAL SPELLING QUIZZES Survey News - Media Biography -surveying - Outlining Characteristics of Different Media Types -tallying - Critiquing Eight Elements for the Creation of Message -interviewing - Captioning -drafting survey using - Direct and Indirect Speech pie chart or any - Correcting errors in sentences when writing news articles appropriate graphic Complete NOTES (Yes, notebooks are to be checked!) Soft copies of handouts organizer are provided but to be individually printed by students and stapled in the -reporting notebook. However, some short lectures are required to be outlined in your notebook. 2 Graded Recitation Use of Microsoft Word Use of PPT 2 or 3 summative quizzes Pretest and Posttest MAKING OF INFOGRAPHICS Topic: What do before, during, and after disasters? Earthquake, Typhoon, Flood, Landslide, Tsunami, Nuclear Bombing, Fire The Grammar of the Camera *Videography Homework: Searching for websites using different domains of the Internet and REFLECTION ESSAY Audio Media Output *Videography WEEK 1 Instruction: A piece of paper is given to you. KNOW ME FIRST BEFORE YOU HATE ME. Please fill in the details being asked. Complete the GOAL SETTING! sentences and be honest with your answers. The Homework: Please download sheet will be circulated in the class for your DAY 1 ✓ Microsoft Word or WPS, classmates to read so confidentiality and trust are ✓ PPT, and any REQUIRED for this activity. ✓ photo and video editing app on your phone. Media Biography 1. Draft a timeline of your own exposure to media. Please indicate your age even if it is just an estimation. (Examples: drawings on wall, writing on paper, exposure to TV and radio, DAY 2 cellphone, computer and other gadgets like headset, Walkman, microphone, lapel, Brick game, PS4, PlayStation) – 20 points 2. Answer the question: “How far has media influenced your life. Be honest. Explain your reasons. Write at least 7 sentences. Draft your answers in ½ crosswise. – 10 points Use of Microsoft Word 12. Insert a table with four columns and four Follow the instructions in each item. rows. 1. My font style is Times New Roman. 13. Insert a table with four columns and four 2. My font size is 15. rows. Merge the first four rows. 3. I am placed in bold. 14. Insert a smiley after this sentence. 4. I am italicized. 15. Insert an arrow after this sentence. DAY 3 5. I am underlined. 16. Underline the phrase ‘dream big.’ 6. I am placed in superscript. 17. Place a double quotation mark in this 7. I am placed in subscript. sentence. 8. I am highlighted with yellow highlighter. 18. Italicize the phrase ‘Microsoft Word’ in this 9. My font color is red. sentence. 10. Cross me out. 19. Place a single quotation mark in this 11. Insert a box after this sentence. sentence. 20. The phrase ‘study hard’ is in superscript. 1|Page/Media and Information Literacy Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis  Use of PPT DAY 4 Follow the instructions in each item. Preliminaries: Please download the PPT app on your phone. If you have a laptop, you may use your laptop. Save your output by taking screenshots which are to be sent in our Group Chat. 1. Create a blank presentation. 2. Skip the outline first. Instead, choose a design. 3. Write ‘How to Kill Anxiety’ and in the subtitle, write By: Your Name. 4. Write in the Outline the following. THREE steps should be placed in one slide. 5. When in panic, breathe in then breathe out. 6. Continue Step 1 for one minute. 7. Gaze at a blank wall for a minute. 8. Try not to think of anything. 9. If you feel like you still cannot breathe, repeat Step 1. 10. Then while doing Step 1, think of your favorite song. 11. Hum it. 12. In your mind, utter a prayer of strength. 13. Ignore the panic. Think of the things/activities that you planned to do today. 14. Find a family member or any person you can talk to even just for a minute. 15. Smile. You are brave! DAY 5- Start of LECTURE, discussion, seatwork, graded recitation, group work, etc. onwards MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY LESSON 1: Definition of Terms SKILLS OF A LITERATE INDIVIDUAL Media- Means or channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in 1. Accessing Media society. -easily adjusts to technological advancements Literacy -finds and shares appropriate and -ability to read and write relevant information Information Literacy 2. Analyzing Media - set of abilities requiring individuals to - interprets and evaluates various forms recognize when information is needed, and how of print and non-print messages to locate, evaluate, and use it effectively - thinks reflectively and critically - assesses the reliability of the materials Computer Literacy - has analytical skills to know the - set of skills, attitudes, and knowledge author’s purpose and point of view of media necessary to understand and operate the basic functions of information and communication 3. Creating Media technologies, including personal computers - makes own messages based on his or (PCs), laptops, cellphones, iPods, BlackBerrys, her own access and so forth - hardware literacy; software literacy 4. Reflecting on Media - thinks about the impact of media Media and Information Literacy messages and technology on the individual and -ability to fully use many types of media on his or her personal daily activities, as well as the impact on society Media Literate Individuals -able to understand complex messages from all 5. Acting with Media forms of media as well as produce media - empowered to go beyond the messages themselves classroom and have an impact on society Messages - work both individually and with others - A collection of symbols that appear Communication purposefully organized (meaningful) to those - Directed and purposeful exchange of sending or receiving them. information and messages between people and 2|Page/Media and Information Literacy Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis  groups of people by speaking, writing gestures, and signs. C. Organizational Communication - Involves people communicating Kinds of Communication differently in a working environment. A. Interpersonal Communication D. Public Communication - Involves two to three individuals - Involves one person communicating to a interacting using their voices and bodies large number of people. (Turow, 2009) - E. Mass Communication B. Mediated Interpersonal - Communication systems that are Communication configured to create, produce, and - Technology stands in between the disseminate media texts to mass parties communicating and becomes the audiences (e.g. newspapers, radio, channel by which the message is sent or television, film- traditional) received. LESSON 2: A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF COMMUNICATIONS 1. Carvings of walls and barks of trees 2. Papyrus and Parchment Papyrus – material prepared in ancient Egypt from the stem of a water plant Parchment – material made from animal skin 3. Paper – 15th century- invention of printing press-Johann Gutenberg (e.g. books - bible, Doctrina Christiana-Philippines) 4. Newspapers-Gutenberg printing press-17th century, patronized by merchants Adversarial Press-press that had the ability to conduct dialogue and even argue with the government – western area La Esperanza – the first daily newspaper -Dec. 1, 1846 Diario de Manila (1848) Boletin Oficial de Filipinas (1852) La Solidaridad (1889) Ang Kalayaan (1896)-the official revolutionary newspaper of Kataastaasang Kagalang- galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK) Now – tabloid and broadsheets Tabloid – a type of newspaper that has smaller pages, many pictures, and short reports: often attract readers with sensational headlines. Broadsheets - a newspaper with a large format, regarded as more serious and less sensationalist than tabloids 5. Film-Kodak – George Eastman Photographic Film – Thomas Edison and assistant William Dickson Film Projectors – Lumiere brothers and further improved by Edison 6. Radio and television followed very closely 1928 -1st telecast of TV program- studio of General Electric in New York 1939- US President Franklin D. Roosevelt became the first president to appear on the tube 1909- Gugliemo Marconi, an Italian inventor, opened the world’s first radio factory in Chelmsford, England 1953 – Philippines, James Lindenberg, an American engineer, teamed up with Antonio Quirino, and established the Alto Broadcasting System 3|Page/Media and Information Literacy Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis 7. First Electronic Computers – also called 701, shipped by IBM 8. ARPANET- created and considered the predecessor of the internet; large area-wide network created by the US military 1971 – ARPANET is changed to Internet 1994, March 29– the free and open World Wide Web was launched in the Philippines using the PLDT network center in Makati City Eight Elements for the Creation of Message (Flow of Communication) 1. Source Where the message came from, person or organization. 2. Message 3. Encoding - Message is translated; how you compose your sentences as you communicate. 4. Channels - Technologies that enable the act of sending or transmitting 5. Decoding - The transmitted impulses are converted to signs as the brain perceives and processes it. 6. Receiver - The one who gets the message; individual or an organization but may or may not receive the message as it gets to another receiver. 7. Feedback - Response generated by the message sent; either be immediate or delayed. 8. Noise Interference - Mechanical sound that is perhaps more resonant than the message drowning it. QUIZ/Seatwork WW-30 POINTS) Analyze the situation below and identify the elements of the creation of the message. Use a table to outline your answer. Create your own Situation C for another 10 points. Situation A- 10 POINTS The teacher discusses the definition of terms related to the subject MIL using her lapel in front of her grade 12 students. While discussing, the siren coming from the ambulance is heard from the distance. Because of that, the students asked the teacher to repeat the points she discussed when the ambulance passed by. Situation B – 10 POINTS Sandy, the labor union leader, sent a message to their group chat. He also called the other officers and sent text messages to those who did not respond in the group chat. He informed them of the planned mass action at the EDSA shrine this coming May 1. May 1 came, and the Department of Labor and Employment took note of the request for a wage hike next year. Create a table and fill out the columns. Situation A Source/ Message Encoding Channels/ Decoding Receiver Feedback Noise Medium Interference Sender /Media Situation B Source/ Message Encoding Channels Decoding Receiver Feedback Noise Interference Sender 4|Page/Media and Information Literacy Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis LESSON 4: MEDIA, CATEGORIES OF MEDIA, GOALS OF MEDIA MESSAGES Media- Means or channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in society. TWO WAYS TO CATEGORIZE MEDIA Media can be categorized into two: NON-ELECTRIC & PRINT MEDIA bulletins and notices, newspapers and magazines, books, comics and ELECTRIC AND MEDIA TECHNOLOGY radio, cinema, television, computers (CD-ROM, USB flash drive), video games, Internet, recorded music Also, media is in four categories: 1. PRINT – books, newspapers, magazines 2. VISUAL – movies, TV, photographs, drawing 3. SOUND – radio, recorded music, CDs, MP3 audio files 4. DIGITAL – Internet, email, video games, online social media NOTE: Media is seen as powerful agent in establishing SOCIAL CONTROL in societies. Media provides social integration and cohesion. Media gives rise to an INFORMATION SOCIETY. Can the media be manipulated? Media makers decide which stories are covered and which are not. Media use a language of persuasion. Some media will even manipulate messages to enhance emotional impact. Mass Media Various media technologies are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. GOALS OF MEDIA MESSAGES A. Make Money - Media are controlled by commercial interests. To illustrate, the screenwriter or director when finding producer has two options. Option A is to find a producer who will adapt the story and make it more attractive for a wide audience. Option B is to find a producer who will not change the story, instead, places commercial products in the film for a fee paid by the product makers. Moreover, TV channels have 20 second spots for advertisements. The larger the audience, the more money the TV channel can charge the advertisers. They find out that light entertainment sells more advertisements while news and magazine programs sell less. In the Philippines, television broadcasting companies owned and/or operated by religious group also exist. SMNI and NET 25 are two of the popular ones. B. Government Media – aim to convince people that the government skills, ideas, and leaders are serving the public good, and thus cement the government’s power. (PNA-news agency, PTV4 – TV) C. Independent Media – desires to have the media messages free from commercial or government interests. They report untold or unusual stories, reflect a variety of viewpoints, and give a voice to all parts of society, the powerless and unrepresented. How are different media types processed in the brain? 1. time-based media (e.g. radio and television) are harder to remember than static media (e.g. newspapers) 2. written or spoken language is processed in a different part of the brain than images are. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 5 3. The left side of the brain, which is the logical side, processes language, whereas the right side of the brain, which is more closely linked to emotions, processes images and music. This can help to partially explain why images and music seem to have a greater impact because they act on an emotional level. LESSON 5; Understanding Media Seatwork: Distinguish the characteristics of each media based on the descriptors being asked. Complete the table on a whole sheet of paper. (PERFORMANCE TASK – 40 POINTS) Type of Media Printed Non- Electronic Non- Source of How are Frequency Where (/ ) print (/) (/) electronic Fund media of they get (/) messages Publishing income expressed Newspaper and Magazines Books Radio Movies Television Video Games Internet Social Media Newspapers and magazines Traditionally newspapers and magazines are printed, non-electronic media, but nowadays many are also published electronically on the Internet. Funding for newspapers and magazines often comes from companies or private individuals, and sometimes from the state. Occasionally, newspapers or magazines are not owned by individuals or companies — as is the case with community media — making them more independent of special interests. Media makers include text and photojournalists, editors, editors-in-chief, typesetters, designers, printers and (online) programmers. Media messages are expressed by headlines, written texts, different font sizes and colors, drawings, and caricatures as well as black-and-white or color photographs. Print media are generally published regularly and frequently: daily, weekly, or monthly. The time needed to create a newspaper or a magazine ranges from one day to a month. Their frequent publishing schedule allows them to pick up and report on current stories and events. Income comes from the sale of and subscriptions to the medium, as well as the placement of advertisements in the newspaper or magazine. Media owners who spend money to finance a medium often want to influence the selection of topics and special viewpoints. Books Traditionally, books are a printed, non-electronic medium, but nowadays some are also published as e-books, which can be read on a tablet, computer, or e-book reader. Funding for books often comes from publishers and companies. Media makers include authors, editors, typesetters, publishers, and printers or programmers (for e- books). Media messages are expressed by the book’s cover — the composition and design, title, illustrations, and information about the book and author — and, of course, by the content of the book itself. Books can be categorized according to their content, e.g. literature, fiction, non-fiction, guidebooks, specialized books, or textbooks. The time needed to create a book ranges from a few months to many years. Income is generated by the book’s sales. To increase sales, many publishers spend a lot of money on advertising in newspapers, radio, television, and on posters. Radio Radio is a non-printed, electronic medium. Nowadays, many radio stations also broadcast via the Internet. Funding for most radio stations comes from companies or private individuals. Sometimes the state also owns radio stations, but it’s rare that local communities do. Media makers include radio journalists, producers, on-air hosts or moderators, editors in chief, editors of the day, and musicians. A radio can go on air with just a few people involved, sometimes as few as a moderator, technician, and an editor of the day. Many radio programs are pre-produced before they are broadcast, and the moderator receives texts from the journalists. Media messages are expressed by the selection of program content, voices, spoken language, music, and sounds and contain (current) information and entertainment. The time needed to create a radio broadcast ranges from Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 6 minutes to weeks or even longer, depending on the radio show and the particular topic. The station’s income comes mainly from the advertising slots it sells. Some radio stations receive money from their owners or from listeners’ fees; community radio stations often rely on donations. Movies A movie is a non-printed, electronic medium generally first shown in public movie theaters and often later released on DVD or Blu-ray disc, or (often illegally) the Internet. Funding for movies is complex. Before a movie is made, the author and the director look for someone to finance it. The amount of money needed to make a movie varies, but it is often a very expensive undertaking. Funding can come from private individuals (a producer or producers) or large production companies. Often movies are co-financed by television stations or big companies in return for product placements in the movie (e.g. the heroes might drive a Mercedes, BMW, or another specific car brand). Media makers for movies often number in the hundreds or even thousands. They include directors and co-directors, authors, actors, cameramen, sound designers costume makers, location scouts, stuntmen, and hundreds of special effect editors, to name just a few. Media messages are expressed via the genre, story, dramaturgy, setting, characters, actors, costumes, visual realization (brightness or darkness, colors), sound elements (voices, music, sound effects) as well as the editing. The time needed to create a movie ranges from around half a year to several years. The income comes from the companies financing a movie as well as the proceeds from tickets sales, DVD or Blu ray disc sales, merchandising, and fees paid by TV channels for broadcasting rights or by viewers for digital streaming rights. To increase ticket sales, movie makers usually spend a lot of money on advertising (cinema trailers, posters, television ads) to attract the widest possible audience. Television Television is a non-printed, electronic medium. Many television shows are put online after they are broadcast and can be viewed on the Internet. Funding for television channels comes from the state, from viewers’ fees, or from companies or individuals. In some countries, citizens donate money to fund television broadcasters. Media makers include program directors, on-air hosts or presenters, television journalists, editors in chief, editors of the day, camera operators, sound engineers, cutters, actors, celebrities, politicians, and musicians, to name just a few. Media messages are expressed by the selection of program content, the program content itself, the selection of hosts or moderators, written and spoken texts, visual implementation, and sound effects. The time necessary to create a television program varies. It takes anywhere from a few hours to one month to create one news broadcast or TV show. Most income comes from the sale of advertising slots. In some countries, every citizen pays taxes to support television channels that are owned by the state. If a company or private individual spends money to fund a television channel, they often want to influence the channel’s selection of topics and viewpoints. Video games Video games are a non-printed and electronic medium. They can be played on game consoles, computers, and cell phones. De pending on a game’s complexity and scope, the funding for video games comes from the huge game industry, small game companies, and sometimes from private programmers. Media makers include art directors, game designers, programmers, designers, level designers, composers, sound designers, and authors, to name just a few. Media messages are expressed by the genre, setting, story, heroes, interactive options, the objective of the game, and the language used, as well as the audio and visual implementation of the game. The time needed to create a video game depends on its complexity and the platform it is created for, and ranges from one day to a few years. Most income comes from selling the game to target audiences, advertisements before or during the game, and the sale of in-game features. Internet (computer/cell phone) The Internet is a non-printed, electronic medium. It can be accessed using special hardware, including computers, cell phones, tablet computers, game consoles and e-book readers. There is no specific funding for the Internet, which sets it apart from other media. Equipped with the necessary knowledge and technological opportunities, people can become the “owners” of their content on the Internet. Nevertheless, companies, the state, and private individuals own special websites, blogs, and Internet platforms that many people use, such as YouTube, Facebook, and Google. Media makers include programmers, web designers, and IT specialists, as well as authors, journalists, citizens, and media makers of other media types. The interconnection of all media content that can be found on the Internet is referred to as media convergence. Media messages are expressed by their design, written language, headlines, font colors and styles, images, videos, sounds, and interactive Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 7 options, to name just a few. The time necessary to create Internet content depends on the content itself and can range from just seconds to months. Most income is generated by on-screen advertisements and selling user data and products. Often the web content itself generates no income but is used for providing information and spreading ideas, as well as for self-expression and socializing with others. Social media (computer/cell phone) Social media are platforms on the Internet, and are a non-printed, electronic medium. Social media can be used on computers, tablet computers, and cell phones. Funding for social media comes from companies. Facebook was developed in 2004 by then 20-year-old Mark Zuckerberg and others, and is now operated by Facebook, Inc. Media makers include programmers, web designers, and IT specialists who provide the platform, as well as billions of network users — generally individuals, companies, or groups of people — who produce and share content. Media messages are mostly expressed by written language and images, as well as shared links, videos, and sound. The time it takes to create content for social media is usually short, often ranging from a few seconds to a few hours. Income for programming and managing social media plat forms is generated by selling on-screen advertising, and selling user data to companies, institutions, or governments willing to pay for the data. Users often don’t earn money for their content, except for famous bloggers or video bloggers (vloggers) who receive some income from advertising or from companies paying for product placement in the videos. LESSON 6: THE INTERNET and INFORMATION The Internet arose in 1969, but it was in 1989 when a fully developed World Wide Web arose and turned it into a global platform for knowledge-sharing, communication, and archiving. Internet is a vast chain of computer networks all over the world. Internet sites can be searched or remembered through their own address called Uniform Resource Locator (URL). World Wide Web is an information system on the Internet which allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for information by moving from one document to another. SOURCES OF INFORMATION 1. Popular Publications - serve to both inform and entertain the general public (journalistic articles, feature articles, manuals, flyers, fact sheets, blogs by netizens) 2. Scholarly Publication - well-researched articles found mostly in academic journals and published for the specialists of a specific field. 3. Trade Publications - highly specialized materials meant for the players and specialists of a specific industry FORMATS OF INFORMATION FORMAT DESCRIPTION 1. Prints Materials produced and collected from print resources 2. Digital Materials stored in an electronic format on a hard drive, CD-ROM, remote Formats server, or even the Cloud. Information is translated into a binary format-either zeros or ones. 3. Audios and Materials collected using analog technology in video, audio tools presented in Videos recorded tapes, CDs, audiocassettes, reel to reel tapes, record albums. Data is recorded in advance. Analog technology uses electrical pulses of varying amplitudes. 4. Microforms Materials that have been photographed and their images developed in reduced- size film strips, and which are viewed using machines with magnifying lenses. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 vs The Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom The Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act 10175) is an ICT law that provides legal definitions, provisions, and penalties for offenses ranging from confidentiality, integrity, Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 8 and availability of computer data and systems such as illegal interference, to content-related acts such as child pornography. The Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom (abbreviated as MCPIF, or #MCPIF for online usage) is an internet law bill. The bill was proposed as an alternative to the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 whose enactment was met with mixed reactions. The bill did not pass when 16th Congress went on adjournment. It must be noted that it is a crowdsourced document, drawing much inputs of Internet users. Who Puts Information on the Internet? Domain – the three-letter code preceded by a dot (.) gives Internet users ideas who is publishing the Internet site. Domain Names and their Equivalent.edu Educational institutions.com Mostly commercial entities, some of which are profit-oriented.org Non-profit organizations.gov Government organizations.net Internet service providers SEATWORK: (PT- 40 POINTS) 1. Bring out your cellphone and list at least two Internet sites of each domain name listed above. Copy the URL properly and describe the content of each website. (20 points) 2. Critique the survey on the top websites being searched by Filipinos. Observe the top 20. Provide a short and logical explanation why the ranking is in that order. (20 points) Source: https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/philippines/ As of July 2023 in the Philippines WIKIS Applications that allow the modification, revision, extension, elaboration sometimes even deletion of their content. INVESTIGATIVE REPORTS These focus on finding, reporting, and presenting news which the authorities try to conceal. POOLED EDITORIAL An opinion article created and presented to the public after most media organizations convened. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 9 HARD-SELL ADVERTISEMENTS Mostly commercial in nature and utilize explicit messages to get the consumers to purchase or patronize a service. SOFT-SELL ADVERTISEMENTS Commercials that are associative in nature. It adds message/s or values while advertising the product. INFOMERCIAL From the words ‘information’ and ‘commercials’, to educate and sell at the same time. LESSON 7: THE GRAMMAR OF THE CAMERA-pp.41-44 The task is for them to take a photo of any objects or scenarios following the angles of a camera and the grammar of the camera. 7 photos using the grammar of the camera 4 photos using the angles of the camera 1 emotion LESSON 8: PHOTOJOURNALISM CAPTION WRITING A caption is the text or body type accompanying photos or art work or any pictorial illustration. It is sometimes called cutline or underline. The title or explanatory matter above an illustration is called overline. 1. Average of 15 words for a sentence 2. Basic questions to answer: 5Ws and 1H 3. FOLLOW THIS PATTERN OF MAKING THE SENTENCE - WHO-WHAT-WHERE-WHEN 4. Complete the parts of a caption: CATCHLINE = written in CAPITAL AND BOLD LETTERS, PHRASES ONLY CUTLINE/CAPTION = one sentence only/sometimes you can write two sentences CREDITLINE/PHOTO CREDIT = Use Photo by: Name of the photographer 5. Give the full Christian names or first names. Identify the location of the subject/s. Use the expression “from the left” or left enclosed in open and close parentheses if two people are in the picture. Examples: A. The proud winners from the left are Rhea Parayao, Mil-an Wushu coach, Marlon Alicpos, Mil-an Wushu coach and Vilma Panayon, Mil-an arnis coach. B. Rhea Parayao (left) hands in the gold medal in wushu sanda to her athlete during the awarding ceremony held at Mil-an National High School’s covered court. 6. A caption is conversational. 7. Captions should supplement what is seen. Not just merely saying “Principal Santos is talking.” 8. The captions should not contradict the picture.eg. “CAT cadets plant trees seedlings in La Mesa Dam during the reforestation drive...” but the cadets are looking at the camera smiling and not planting. 9. Don’t begin with “The photo shows…” especially if it really doesn’t or “In the photo are …” This is totally unnecessary. 10. Use present tenses. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 10  LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND OBSERVE THE PATTERN: REUNITING AFTER THE QUAKE DRILL. Parent Juana dela Cruz is assisted by the school head, Rosanna Dizon in accomplishing the reunification form before dela Cruz fetches her daughter WAITING. The dying African child is observed by the after the earthquake drill conducted in Mil-an National High flesh-eating vulture. Photo by: Guilty Heart School on July 17, 2019. Photo by: Laarni B. Langbis ACTIVITY: PUT A CAPTION TO EACH PICTURE. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 11  BASICS OF NEWS WRITING HARD NEWS – news that values seriousness and timeliness and critical issues SOFT NEWS – news about lifestyle, travel, articles offering to do something, or video clips of the point-of-view of ordinary folks INVESTIGATIVE REPORTS- reports that focus on finding, reporting, and presenting news which the authorities try to conceal. Parts of a News Article: Lead- Supporting Details-Concluding Paragraph A. LEAD – The first / opening paragraph of the story. It gives the gist of what happened in one sentence / paragraph. WHO-WHAT-WHEN-WHERE-WHY-HOW B. SUPPORTING DETAILS – there is a pattern. C. Concluding Paragraph- there is a pattern as well. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 12 Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 13 Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 14 Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 15 Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 16 In News Writing, we follow these reminders. 1. We use the preposition on instead of the word “last” to indicate time. Take note of the use of prepositions 2. We do not need to use Mr., Mrs., Ms., Ma’am, or Sir when addressing people in the report. Better mention the position or designation of the person. 3. We write in words or spell out all acronyms used for the first time. 4. We spell out numbers or rates when they are used at the beginning of a sentence. 5. We ALWAYS spell out numbers one to nine while numbers 10 and above are in numbers. 6. We avoid redundant expressions. 7. We do not use spoken expressions like deadwood expressions. 8. We use present tense in the headline while past tenses or future tenses for future events in the article. 9. Words in headlines can be abbreviated. (students-studes) 10. Articles ‘a,an, the’ and conjunction ‘and’ are removed in headlines. 11. The LEAD answers the WHO-WHAT-WHERE-WHEN/WHAT-WHO-WHERE-WHEN questions. 12. No discriminatory language (race or gender) used. 13. Use direct and indirect statements correctly. 14. We use words appropriately; however, there are some words that are coined in journalism that have a special meaning. (example: salvage-dictionary meaning is to rescue or save BUT in the Philippine journalism especially tabloids, it means to kill/tilt-contest, conference-confab) 15. Use layman’s term. (fire instead of conflagration) Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 17  Reporting DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH Centuries The 1800s Decades The 80s DIRECT SPEECH First Name + Last Name +verbs SUCH AS said/mentioned/stated/indicated / revealed/commented/explained /shared/responded/narrated/replied /asked/questioned+ comma + OPENING QUOTATION MARK +statement + punctuation +CLOSING QUOTATION MARK Alfredo Lim asked, “Who should I blame?” OR “Who should I blame?” Alfredo Lim asked. Lim also stated, “The villagers are satisfied now.” OR “The villagers are satisfied now,” Lim also stated. INDIRECT SPEECH Alfredo Lim mentioned that/said that/commented that/explained that/stated that the issue has been perennial. Lim also inquired about the next steps to be executed for the safety of the people. *for YES OR NO question s- First Name + Last Name +ASKED IF+ S+VERB IN PAST TENSE Example: Mayor Benjamin Magalong asked if the schools were ready for July 29. *for WH questions - First Name + Last Name +ASKED WHO/WHAT/WHY/WHEN/WHERE/HOW+ S+VERB IN PAST TENSE Examples: Alfredo Lim asked who he should ask. Lim also stated that the villagers were satisfied now. NOTE: There are other rules in reporting DIRECT from INDIRECT SPEECH/STATEMENT and vice versa. Seatwork: A. Report the following statements using DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH. 1. “Israel is in chaos.” - reporter 2. “She called the police.” – victim 3. “The lady brought her dog with her.” – guard 4. “Suzie handled the situation well.” – mom 5. “It’s too late to apologize.” – police officer 6. “Why should we love our neighbors?” -Jesus 7. “Can you help me?” – Athena 8. “We should not ignore the call for unity.” – leader 9. “I disagree.” – Lindsay 10. “Warrior is a child” – Gary Valenciano Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 18 B. Identify the error in each sentence. Thereafter, rewrite the sentence with its grammatically correct structure. Sample: 1. Error: _________ Corrected Sentence :__________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. The fire happened last Tuesday, February 14. 2. Mrs. Kyle Andiso called 911 upon hearing the gunshots. 3. DepEd has launched MATATAG curriculum this SY 2024. 4. 28 students received scholarship. 5. The audience rewatched the game again. 6. The team will meet at the weekend. 7. People wore flashy boots at the 80s. 8. HEADLINE The Filipino athletes bag 3 gold in Olympics 9. HEADLINE Pinoy athletes won 3 gold in Olympics 10. The black man suffered from knee injury. Topics for the Survey News – SEVEN GROUPS - SA, A, N, SD, D 1. Wearing of Uniform 2. Banning of romantic relationship. 3. Banning cellphones in the classroom. 4. Start class at 8 am. 5. Comfort rooms will become neutral gender. 6. Legalizing marijuana 7. Legalizing divorce Sample Survey Form Name of Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Students Agree Disagree A B C D Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 19  One More Year in High School Opposed By: Laarni B. Langbis Almost all of Grade 12 General Academic Strand (GAS) students strongly opposed the Lead creation of additional one year in high school curriculum of the Philippines based on Who the survey conducted at Mil-an National High School (MNHS) on September 25, 2023. What Where When Out of 52 students, 50 of them did not see the need to add another year of their Mention the exact secondary journey while two agreed. number of respondents who answered SA,A, N, D,SD “Sobra na nga po kaming late sa pagpasok sa college, dadagdagan pa ng isang taon. Interview, Direct Kelan pa kami makakahanap ng trabaho kung madadagdagan pa ng isang taon,” May Quotation Mendoza, 18, stated. Also, Mendoza does not understand the importance of adding senior high curriculum Interview, Indirect to improving their skills and knowledge. Quotation “Pero in fairness, okay lang po naman ang ibang strands para sa mga students po na Interview, Direct gustong magfocus ng skills katulad ng EIM, Bread and Pastry at other Quotation specializations,” Mendoza added. Terence Drew, another GAS 12 student, explained that adding another year will be an Another interviewee, additional financial burden for parents. Drew mentioned, “Ngayon na nga lang po e Direct Quotation hirap na kami sa allowance namin. Madadagdagan pa talaga ng isang taon. Lalo na po kaming tatamaring mag-aral niyan.” Department of Education (DepEd) Secretary Sara Bill recently announced the Background Information possible inclusion of another year to the senior high program. about the topic The secretary aims for mastery and enhancement in the reading and literacy of the Background Information students before they go to college. about the topic “We just want to make sure that our high school graduates are equipped with holistic Background Information development before they face their college life,” Bill explained. about the topic Cassie Dee, Grade 12 GAS student, is one of the two who agreed with the proposal. Another interviewee, Indirect Quotation She said that she wanted to improve further her confidence in writing and being with high school teachers is better. “Mas specific po kasing magturo mga high school teachers kaysa college instructors. Kuwento nga po ng mga ate ko na ‘pag sa college e bahala na kami sa buhay namin. Research research na lang kumbaga at pareport reporting na lang po madalas,” Dee added. Overall, the students are certain that the proposal will be rejected by the country’s Concluding Paragraph leaders. Compiled by: Laarni Balacdao-Langbis Media and Information Literacy Page 20