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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365318412 Elements and principles of art & design Presentation · November 2022 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29128.60161 CITATIONS...

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365318412 Elements and principles of art & design Presentation · November 2022 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29128.60161 CITATIONS READS 2 36,822 1 author: Umer Hameed University of Liverpool 199 PUBLICATIONS 18 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Umer Hameed on 11 November 2022. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Elements and Principles of Art & Design ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– https://www.linkedin.com/in/umer-hameed/  The Elements & Principles Elements Principles The basic building blocks; What we do with the The things inside, that building blocks (elements) make up a piece of art (Think of as your chef’s Most art will contain all of technique and preparation the elements of a dish) (Think of as the ingredients) Elements of Art & Design ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– The of a composition. The basic building blocks; the ingredients  Line Directs the eye – horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curvy, zig-zag, etc. Has greater length than width Can be a mark made by a moving point Can be actual obvious lines or the borders or edges of shapes Shape/Form A contained area. Can be GEOMETRIC (man-made) ex. Square, triangle, circle, etc. Can be ORGANIC (natural) ex. Leaves, humans, puddles, etc. Used to create a sense of space and substance.  Shape/Form Shape Form Shapes are 2-Dimensional Form encloses volume; and flat; created when a line is 3-Dimensional enclosed Can be measured in width x Can be measured in width height x height x depth For example, a circle For example, sphere The basic arch shape takes on form when depth is created with different shadow and highlight values. The basic square shape takes on form when depth is created with different shadow and highlight value as well as the camera’s perspective helps emphasize the form.  Space The area used or unused in a composition; can contribute to balance within a composition Use of space can create dimension for the viewer; the area around, within, or between objects/subjects in an image create perspective; positive and negative space. Positive space – the area the objects/subject takes up. Negative space – the area around, under, through and between. Foreground (closest), Middle ground, and Background (farthest). Can be open, crowded, near, far, etc. When used effectively, it can define importance and lead the eye.  Value Black and White and all the Grays in between The darkness or lightness of a colour; adding white to a colour makes it a tint; adding black to a colour makes it a shade Can add drama and impact to composition  Color Colour can alter the overall mood/ feeling. Hue (refers to the name; i.e. red) Saturation (intensity or amount) Temperature (cool, warm; measured in Kelvin) Related to value. Color  Texture The appearance of how a surface feels Rough, smooth, bumpy, gooey, sharp, etc. Adds interest! Sense of sight and sense of touch involved. Principles of Art & Design ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Principles of Art & Design: What you do with/how you arrange the basic building blocks (elements) to create artistic, interesting, more visually powerful photographs. Just like elements, photographs can utilize multiple principles.  Principles What you do with the basic building blocks (elements) Emphasis Movement / Rhythm Balance Pattern / Repetition Unity / Harmony Scale / Proportion Contrast  Emphasis Creating a focal point; Emphasis in a composition refers to creating points of interest to pull the viewer's eye to important parts of the body of the work Emphasis is created through contrasting colour. Even though all elements share a green hue, emphasis is created due to the difference in shape/ form.  Balance Balance is the impression of stability or equality in a composition. Balance is often referred to as symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial. Symmetrical balance is created through the reflection of the cliff in the water. *Although, this does look heavily Photoshopped ;) Symmetrical balance is achieved as the photograph has equal weight. Asymmetrical balance is created by using space and perspective. The pole in the foreground is emphasized, however, the right side of image contains multiple poles to help balance the photograph. Radial balance is created with the majority of the weight centred in the image and repeated elements circle away from the centre point.  Unity / Harmony Unity is achieved when the components of a work of art are perceived as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion How things are linked, similar, common - when all the parts equal a whole.  Contrast Contrast refers to the opposites and differences in the composition. You can achieve contrast by using different shapes, textures, colors and values in your work. For example, something light against something dark, rough against smooth textures, etc.  Movement/Rhythm Rhythm or movement refers to the suggestion of motion through the use of various elements. The way elements are arranged to lead the eye to or from the focal area. Rhythm and motion are created through the repeated pattern of ripples in the sand.  Pattern/Repetition An element that occurs over and over again in a composition Can repeat the element in a consistent or varying pattern  Scale / Proportion Scale/proportion refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design; the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole For example, a person compared to large building, or different sized people in same photograph. Nope.  Thank you https://www.linkedin.com/in/umer-hameed/ View publication stats