Metabolism Unit 8 PDF

SEEC-101 Module 8 – Metabolism Living organisms are not at equilibrium. They require a continuous influx of free energy to maintain order in a universe bent on maximizing disorder Metabolism: 1. All process through which living systems acquire and utilize the free energy they need to carry o...

SEEC-101 Module 8 – Metabolism Living organisms are not at equilibrium. They require a continuous influx of free energy to maintain order in a universe bent on maximizing disorder Metabolism: 1. All process through which living systems acquire and utilize the free energy they need to carry out their various functions. 2. They do so by coupling the exergonic reactions of nutrient oxidation to the endergonic processes required to maintain the living state such as the a) performance of mechanical work b) the active transport of molecules against concentration gradients c) the biosynthesis of complex molecules Payoff Phase of Glycolysis Yields ATP and NADH Electron transfer from NADH to O2 in mitochondria provides the energy for synthesis of ATP by respiration linked phosphorylation Overall, Balance Sheet Shows a Net Gain of ATP  Products of one turn of the citric acid cycle. At each turn of the cycle, three NADH, one FADH2, one GTP (or ATP), and two CO2 are released in oxidative decarboxylation reactions. All cycle reactions are shown as proceeding in one direction only, but keep in mind that most of the reactions are reversible