Medical Terminology Lecture 2 Prefixes 2024 PDF

Common Prefixes  a–  auto– without, away from self  an–  brady– without slow  ante–  dys– before, in front of painful, difficult  anti– against...

Common Prefixes  a–  auto– without, away from self  an–  brady– without slow  ante–  dys– before, in front of painful, difficult  anti– against 9  Common Prefixes  a– Apathy (lack of feeling), Apnea (without breath),  auto– Autoimmune Aphasia(without speech), self without, away from  brady– Bradycardia (slowing heart rate)  an– Anemia (lack of blood) slow without  dys– Dyspesia (bad digestion),  ante– Antecubital (before elbow), Anteflexion Dyspnea (difficult breathing) painful, difficult (forward bending) before, in front of  anti–Antisepsis (against infection) against 10  Common Prefixes  endo–  homo– within, inner same  epi–  hyper– upon, over over, above  eu–  hypo– normal, good under, below  hetero– different 11  Common Prefixes  endo– Endocardium (within heart),  homo– Homogeneous (having uniform Endometrium (within uterus) properties) within, inner same  epi– Epidural (upon dura), Epidermis (on  hyper– Hyperemia (excessive blood), skin) upon, over Hypertrophy (overgrowth), Hyperplasia (excessive formation)  eu– Eupnoea (normal breathing), Eupepsia (good digestion) over, above normal, good  hypo– Hypotension (low blood pressure), Hypothyroidism (deficiency or underfunction of  hetero– Heterotopia (displacement of an thyroid) organ from normal position) under, below different 12  Common Prefixes  infra–  micro– under, beneath, below small  inter–  neo– new among, between  intra–  pan– all within, inside  macro– large 13  Common Prefixes  infra– Infraorbital (below eye),  micro– Microbiology, microscopic Infraclavicular (below clavicle) small under, beneath, below  neo– neoplasm and Neoplasia (new growth= tumor)  inter– Intercostal (between ribs) new among, between  pan– Pandemic (illness spread over all)  intra– Intracerebral (within cerebrum), Intraocular (within eyes), Intraventricular all (within ventricles) within, inside  macro– Macroscopic large 14  Common Prefixes  para–  pre– beside, beyond, near before, in front of  per–  pseudo– through false  peri–  retro– around backward, behind  post– after 15  Common Prefixes  para– Paracardiac (beside the heart)  pre– Premaxillary (in front of maxilla), Preoral (in front of mouth) beside, beyond, near before, in front of  per– Permeate (pass through)  pseudo– through false  peri– Periosteum (around bone), Periatrial  retro– Retrocervical (located behind (around atrium), Peribronchial (around cervix), Retrograde (going backward), bronchus) Retrolingual (behind tongue) around backward, behind  post– Postoperative (after operation), Postpartum (after childbirth), postocular (behind eye) after 16 Common Prefixes  sub– below, under  super– above, excess  supra– above  tachy– fast  trans– through, across  ultra– beyond, excess 17 Common Prefixes  sub– Subcutaneous (under skin), Subungual (under nail) below, under  super– Supercilia (upper brows), Superficial (situated at or close to a surface) above, excess  supra– Suprarenal (above kidney), Suprascapular (on upper part of scapula) above  tachy– Tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) fast  trans– Transection (cut across), Transduodenal (through duodenum) through, across  ultra– Ultraviolet (beyond violet end of spectrum), Ultraligation (ligation of vessel beyond point of origin) beyond, excess 18 Number Prefixes  bi– two  poly– many  di- two  quad– four  hemi– half  semi– partial, half  mono– one  tri– three  multi– many  uni– one  nulli– none 19 Common Prefixes used to adjust the size of basic units 20  Prefixes for comparison and/or degrees  Normo- : Normal e.g., Normotensive  Iso- : Similar/equal e.g., isotonic solution  Hypo- : Less/ under /low e.g. Hypotension  Hyper- : High/ above e.g. Hypertension  Oligo- : Few e.g., oligouria  Poly- : Much/large amount e.g. polyphagia.