Media and Info Literacy 2024 PDF

MEDIA & INFO LITERACY FIRST SEMESTER: Sese’s Reviewer 2024 ↪ physical things such as INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA AND tarpaulin, bil...

MEDIA & INFO LITERACY FIRST SEMESTER: Sese’s Reviewer 2024 ↪ physical things such as INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA AND tarpaulin, billboards, posters, in package INFORMATION LITERACY formation 6. Digital/Interactive ★ What is communication? ↪ electronic means to convey ○ Broadly defined as the impairing messages such as website or computer and exchanging of information or application news MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY ○ Comes from the Latin word: communicare which means to share or to make common ★ Media ○ Different means of communication ○ Ex. television, radio, newspapers, DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION MEDIUM magazines, internet ★ Examples of Communication Medium: ○ NOTE: One of the oldest forms of 1. Conversation media is print. ↪ person to person interaction ★ Literacy using one’s voice as the tool to deliver the ○ Ability to identify, understand, message interpret, create, communicate, 2. Public Speaking and compute ↪ one to many interaction using ★ Media Literacy one’s voice to deliver the message to a large ○ Capacity of one to use media number of people ★ Information 3. Documents/Letters/Mails ○ Broad term that covers processed ↪ written messages, usually on data, knowledge devised from paper and print study 4. Visual Art ○ Knowledge communicated or ↪ messages rendered in the form received concerning a particular of paintings, drawings, photography, videos, fact or circumstance images that conveys specific emotion 5. Physical Medium  ★ Information Literacy ASSESSING INFORMATION ○ Ability to recognize when 1. Finding the page information is needed, and to.org – advocacy websites such as evaluate and effectively NGOs communicate information.edu – higher education institution ★ Technology.gov – federal government sites ○ Systematic application of one’s art.com – business or commercial sites 2. Authority of the Page or skill for a practical purpose ↪ make sure that the author or ○ Comes from two Greek words: writer is credible enough through their techne, which means art or skill, credentials and available contact details and tekhnologia, which means 3. Accuracy and Objectivity of the systematic treatment Information ★ Technology Literacy ↪ it is crucial to look for evidences to ○ Ability of an individual, either verify the authenticity of the information working independently or with 4. Updates of the Page others, to responsibly, ↪ check if the webpage is currently appropriately, and effectively use and actively maintained technological tools 5. Functionality ★ Media and Information Literacy ↪ quality of being suited to serve a ○ Essential skills and competencies purpose well that allow individuals to engage with media and other information ETHICAL USE OF INFORMATION ○ Helps develop critical thinking and ★ Give credit to where it is due life-long learning skills ★ Practice due diligence (actively taking time and effort to investigate and verify ASSESSMENT OF INFORMATION information) ★ Respect everyone’s privacy GOOD INFORMATION ★ Separate facts from opinions ★ Relevant for its purpose, sufficiently accurate for its purpose, complete enough FAKE NEWS for the problem, reliable and targeted to 1. Disinformation: false information created the right person to harm a person 2. Misinformation: false information but not created with the intention of causing harm 3. Mal-information: based on reality and is ★ ALWAYS PRIORITIZE SAFETY AT used to inflict harm on a person ALL TIMES ○ Don’t post: RESPONSIBLE USE OF MEDIA 1. Too much personal information 2. Location ★ PRINT MEDIA 3. Telephone and cellphone ○ Any form of ink and paper numbers communication that is not ★ EMBODY GOOD CONDUCT AT ALL hand-written TIMES ★ BROADCAST MEDIA ★ BE OPEN TO LEARNING AND ○ Made up of radio and television CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISMS which are transmitted through ★ SHARE EXPERT KNOWLEDGE local stations ★ AVOID SHARING RAW AND ★ NEW MEDIA UNVERIFIED INFORMATION ○ Digitized content that can be transmitted through internet or MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES computer networks ★ Refers to the resources that serve to NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF USING MEDIA communicate to a general public audience INDIGENOUS ★ ADDICTION ★ Refers to native; local; originating or ○ Prime bad effect of social media produced naturally in particular region ★ DISTRACTION ○ Their ability to concentrate on the INDIGENOUS MEDIA task at hand is significantly ★ Defined as forms of media expression reduced conceptualized, produced, and circulated ★ REDUCED SOCIAL INTERACTION by indigenous people worldwide ★ FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) ★ AFFECTS STRESS AND MOOD USE OF INDIGENOUS MEDIA RESPONSIBLE WAYS OF USING MEDIA ★ Popular media cannot reach some rural areas.  ★ Indigenous media and information are ○ Check the site design and writing style highly credible because they are near the ○ Look for facts source and are rarely circulated for profit. ○ Cross-reference ★ Indigenous media are channels for ○ Determine the reson for writing and change, education, and development publishing the information because of their direct access to local ○ Check for advertising channels. CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION EXAMPLES OF INDIGENOUS MEDIA SOURCES ★ Northern Dispatch Weekly (NORDIS) – Ilocos, Cordillera, and Cagayan Valley PRIMARY SOURCES ★ Zigzag Valley – Baguio City ○ Refers to original materials, have not been ★ Northern Philippine Times – Cordillera, filtered or modified through analysis and Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley, Central interpretation Luzon ○ Ex. artifact, diary, patent LIBRARY SECONDARY SOURCES ★ A place in which literary, musical, artistic, ○ Analyses and interpretations of primary or reference materials are kept for use but sources not for sale ○ Ex. journal articles, editorial articles, ★ Divided into different sections with their literary criticisms, book reviews, own functions. biographies, textbooks TERTIARY SOURCES INTERNET ○ Sources that organize, compile, and digest ★ Global computer networks providing a other sources variety of information and communication ○ Usually not credited to a particular author facilities ○ Ex. reference works, lists or collections, search tools DETERMINING THE RELIABILITY OF INFORMATION THE EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL TO ○ Check the author NEW MEDIA ○ Check the data of publication PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE 1700s) ○ Check for citations ○ Early hominids discovered fire, developed ○ Check the domain or owner of the site paper from plants, and built weapons  ○ Used stone tools and metals as part of LIST OF MEDIA DURING ELECTRONIC AGE: their daily activities and used crude stone ★ Transistor radio tools to create art ★ Television ○ Petroglyphs and pictographs were ★ Large electronic computers considered the earliest forms of media ★ Mainframe computers ★ Personal computers LIST OF MEDIA DURING PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE: ★ OHP, LCD projectors ★ Cave paintings ★ Clay tablets in Mesopotamia INFORMATION AGE (1900s - 2000s) ★ Papyrus in Egypt ○ Also known as the digital age, signified ★ Acta Diurna in Rome the use of worldwide web through internet ★ Dibao in Chine connection ★ Codex in the Mayan Region ★ Printing press using wood blocks LIST OF MEDIA DURING INFORMATION AGE: ★ Web browsers INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s - 1930s) ★ Blogs ○ Occurs during the industrial revolution in ★ Social media Great Britain ★ Microblogs ○ Substitution of handy tools with machine ★ Video ★ Augmented reality/virtual reality LIST OF MEDIA DURING INDUSTRIAL AGE: ★ Search engines ★ Printing press for mass production ★ Portable computers, laptops ★ Newspaper – The London Gazette ★ Smartphones ★ Typewriter ★ Wearable technology ★ Telephone ★ Cloud and big data ★ Motion picture photography/projection ★ Commercial motion pictures INFLUENCE OF MEDIA ON THE VALUES ★ Motion picture with sound AND NORMS OF PEOPLE ★ Telegraph NORMS ELECTRONIC AGE (1930s - 1980s) ↪ Standards of behavior that are expected in ○ The power of transistors was used a society  ↪ According to Arias (2016), the influence of 2. Wide Shot – shows the entire character social media may have (1) individual or direct and their relation to their surroundings effect, and (2) social or indirect effect 3. Medium Shot – captured at a medium ↪ Bandura’s (1986) Social Learning Theory distance states that media operates by means of 4. Medium Close Up Shot – frames the educational models subject from just above the head and below the chest MEDIA AND INFORMATION LANGUAGES 5. Close Up Shot – shot at close range 6. Extreme Close Up Shot – frames a ★ Language subject very closely, usually focused on ○ System of arbitrary, vocal symbols one specific part of a body that permit all people in a given culture or other who have learned BASIC CAMERA SHOT ANGLES the system of that culture to 1. Low Angle Shot – positioned below eye interact with one another level ★ Language in Media 2. Eye Level Angle Shot – positioned at the ○ Technical and symbolic same height as the eyes of the character ingredients or codes and 3. High Level Angle Shot – camera looks conventions that media and down on the character from an elevated information professionals may perspective select and use in order to 4. Worm’s Eye Angle Shot – very low angle communicate with camera pointing towards the top ★ Codes 5. Canted/Dutch Angle Shot – noticeable ○ System of signs which create tilt on the camera’s x-axis meaning, divided into three 6. Bird’e Eye Angle Shot – camera is placed genres: technical, symbolic, and directly above the subject written BASIC CAMERA MOVEMENTS TECHNICAL CODES 1. Zoom – most used camera movement 2. Pan – move camera horizontally while its ○ Ways in which equipment is used to tell the base is fixated on a certain point story 3. Tilt – move the camera vertically while its base is fixated on a certain point BASIC CAMERA SHOTS 4. Dolly – move the entire camera forwards 1. Extreme Long Shot – focuses on its and backwards surroundings  5. Track – moving the entire camera from ○ Other stakeholders left to right 6. Pedestal – moving the entire camera from up to down 7. Crane – attaching a camera to an arm f a crane, allowing the camera to be raised or lowered 8. Steadicam – isolates the camera operator’s movement and makes the shot look smooth and controlled POINT OF VIEW ❖ Film angle that shows what a character is looking at SYMBOLIC CODES ○ Show what is beneath the surface of what we see ○ Ex. dress, language WRITTEN CODES ○ Use of language style and textual layout ○ Ex. headers, captions, speech bubbles CONVENTIONS ○ Generally accepted ways of doing something, a standard or a norm MESSAGES ○ Information – sent from sender to receiver ○ Audience – group of consumers ○ Producer