MAPEH Reviewer for 1st Mid-Quarter Exam.pdf

MAPEH Reviewer for 1st Mid-Quarter Exam Date: August 22, 2024 (Thursday) (8/21/24) Music lesson is here Music (Medieval Period and Secular Music) ❖ Medieval Period History Evolved tremendously (centuries...

MAPEH Reviewer for 1st Mid-Quarter Exam Date: August 22, 2024 (Thursday) (8/21/24) Music lesson is here Music (Medieval Period and Secular Music) ❖ Medieval Period History Evolved tremendously (centuries) from cultures, technologies, and artistic expressions (accompanied with rituals and ceremonies. Medieval period (Middle Ages) – center of musical activity dominated by the Roman Catholic Church. Singing in church liturgy is considered important profession for monasteries Liturgy – work of people “duty” For mass and prayer Most music was vocal performed in the period, and performed acapella It had negative thoughts for using instruments. Because they were used in pagan rituals. Gregorian chant Also known as plainchant or plainsong Official sacred music for Catholic Church for over one thousand years. The early Christian chant was influenced by the Byzantium Turkey – hymns or praise songs that are not derived from biblical sculpture Palestine – influenced by Christians through Hebrew chant Syria – developed antiphonal song and responsorial singing in monophonic followed by unison Characteristics of Gregorian chant Acapella Monophonic texture Limited range Sung in Latin Special neumatic notation Unmetered Conjunct melody Modal Gender roles Men held positions and powers of authority Choirs are somewhat prestigious and fell within public sphere  Women were largely confined to the domestic sphere Religious beliefs Women voices could be disruptive and seductive Text settings of Gregorian chant: syllabic, neumatic, melismatic, and psalmodic Requiem – mass known as the dead Roman Mass Are used to compose different parts of mass Proper: introit, gradual, alleluia, tract, offertory, communion Ordinary: kyrie, gloria, credo, sanctus, agnus dei ❖ Secular Music Secular means not associated from church or religion Flourished in France and Germany Included love songs using instruments like harps, drums, and bagpipes Written only in monophonic texture. Employs more themes and songs and do triple time. France Written by poet-musicians called Troubadours or Trouveres Arts (The Past and Early Civilizations) ❖ The Past People learned to draw first They used crayons and doodled some simple objects Writing letters on the alphabet They are called prehistoric (also before history and before-written history) The earliest surviving artworks are cave drawings They were made as early as 30,000 years ago They were started learning to use stone tools, which they used to create cave drawings The most popular subject in cave drawings were animals Communication – conveys information of hunting strategies, animal behavior, or significant events. Marking territory – theories suggest that cave art could have been a way to mark territory or establish a presence. Educational purposes – have been used to teach younger members of important aspects of the environment. Ritualistic or spiritual significance – researchers believe that cave art could have been used in ceremonies. They are intended for successful hunt, appease deities, or seek protection Megalith – interesting and mysterious artifact made during the Stone Age. They are found all over the world. Stonehenge – one of the examples of prehistoric megalithic structures Measured 50 metric tons One of the oldest artifacts  Located in England1 Angono Petroglyphs – one of the examples of prehistoric megalithic structures in the Philippines Built during the Neolithic Located in Angono, Rizal2 ❖ Early Civilizations As humans became less nomadic, they started to create permanent communities. Mesopotamia Located in present-day countries Syria3 and Iraq It made up of area with kingdoms Sumerians (Sumer) – one of the most dominant civilizations Developed its writing system called cuneiform ◆ Series of shapes and lines and written in clay tablets Ziggurat – a large pyramid. The sides are like zigzagged, making appear like steps or stairs ◆ It used as a temple to honor different gods Ancient Egypt Centered with gods led by pharaohs Pyramid – used as a tomb for pharaohs, where it stores food, jewelry, and other luxuries. These are monumentals Great Pyramid of Giza – the largest-known pyramid ◆ Also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops ◆ Base of 230.4m and an original height of 145–146m. Currently, it has been reduced into 137–139m.4 ◆ Can be accessed with tunnels, where pharaoh’s body is kept When a pharaoh dies, souls returned their body through mummification, a coffin called sarcophagus Paintings and carvings decorated the interior like comic strips They are called hieroglyphs—the writing system of Ancient Egypt Illustrate the life of pharaoh and tell stories of gods and goddesses A combination of topography, sets characters that represent words and phrases Great Sphinx of Giza – one of the examples of Ancient Egyptian sculpture 1 Located in Wiltshire, a ceremonial county 2 Though it is still part of two municipalities, it is also located in Binangonan 3 Although it is not a part of the historical region; despite this the Euphrates comes from Iraq, while the Tigris is also not part of the entire Syria border. 4 The smooth limestone casing was removed, lowering its height.  A sphinx is a mythical creature with head of human and body of lion Found near Great Pyramid of Giza Carved out of limestone Face represents pharaoh Khafre (or Khafra) Physical Education (Physical Fitness and Volleyball) ❖ Physical Fitness Health-related fitness – are done with improving one’s physical health and maintaining healthy lifestyle Cardiovascular endurance – ability of lungs, heart, blood and blood vessels to deliver enough oxygen to the cells Muscular strength – capacity of the muscle to produce force in a short period of time Muscular endurance – highest amount of force that will sustain muscle group to push single contraction Flexibility – ability of joint or groups to move full range of motion without pain Skill-related fitness – fit capacity to perform games and sports Speed – ability to move body quickly Agility – change positions quickly and easily Balance – equally distribute weight, capacity of body to maintain posture Coordination – to do activities with the help of different body parts Power – exert maximum muscular contraction Reaction time – rate which an athlete reacts external stimulus Weight management Obesity – abnormal or excessive fat. May impair health and reduce life expectancy. In the Philippines, 3% out of 10% of adults are now obese Risk factors that cannot control age, genders, and heredity Risk factors that can control smoking, stress, alcohol, and personality Be more active, eat healthy foods, do no skip meals, and consult a doctor ❖ Volleyball Sport which two teams are separated by a net Invented in 1895 by YMCA physical education director William G. Morgan in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Designed as an indoor sport who found the new game of basketball too vigorous. Skills Pass – first touch; performs passing skill on any ball Set Serve Spike (or attack) Block Dig – pass hard-driven ball from other team Health (Community and Environmental Health and Issues) ❖ Community and Environmental Health Community – essentially consist of people who live in a particular area and exhibit sense. Members share knowledge, beliefs, habits, customs, morals, and laws. Environmental health – interaction of humans with their environment and health consequences. Focuses preventing diseases caused by contaminated water wastes, food, insects, and more. Can affect Overcrowding, insects and pests, unsafe and stagnant water, clogged canals, uncollected garbage The impact Achievement of clean, healthy, and attractive community A maintained and pleasant community has homes Has resources and help and protect people’s well being Ensures good health to members and achieve quality of life Encompasses satisfaction of various life circumstances Healthy community – where people live that is safe, healthy, and livable homes Access to quality education, suitable and adequate employment, and others ❖ Issues Provides basic necessities, and the source of the environment that will lead to harmful events/natural calamities, like climate change, natural disasters, etc.