MAPEH 9 - module 1.pdf

Music of the Baroque Period ((1685 – 1750) ▪ The word Baroque is derived from the Portuguese word “barroco” which means “pearl of irregular shape”. ▪ During this time, the arts highlighted grandiose and elaborate ornamentation. ▪ New instrumental techniques and changes in music...

Music of the Baroque Period ((1685 – 1750) ▪ The word Baroque is derived from the Portuguese word “barroco” which means “pearl of irregular shape”. ▪ During this time, the arts highlighted grandiose and elaborate ornamentation. ▪ New instrumental techniques and changes in musical notation were developed. ▪ Major and minor tonality was also created in this period. ▪ A lot of the musical terms and concepts that evolved in this era are still used today. Characteristics of Baroque Music Melodies sounds elaborate and ornamental Melodies are not easy to sing or remember Primarily contrapuntal textures with some homophony Dynamic contrast – alternation between loud and soft Orchestra consists of strings and continuo Harpsichord and organ are the keyboard organ instruments that are commonly used Harpsichord Musical Genres of Baroque Music 1. Concerto – a form of orchestral music that employs a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra. 2. Concerto Grosso - a form of orchestral music during the Baroque Period wherein the music is between a small group of solo instruments called concertino and the whole orchestra called tutti. Musical Genres of Baroque Music 3. Fugue ▪ A contrapuntal piece, developed mainly by imitative counterpoint. ▪ It is usually written in 3 or 4 parts, with a main theme called ‘’subject’’. ▪ The entire piece grows mainly from a single brief tune of strong musical character. Musical Genres of Baroque Music 4. Oratorio – a large scale musical composition for orchestra and voices that incorporates narratives on religious themes. Unlike usual theatrical works, this is usually performed without the use of costumes, scenery, or action. It is usually written in the native language for the intended audience. Musical Genres of Baroque Music 5. Chorale – musical compositions that resemble a harmonized version of hymnal tunes of the Protestant Church during the Baroque era. Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 1. Johann Sebastian Bach (Germany, March 21, 1685 to July 28, 1750) Bach’s beautiful soprano singing voice helped him to be accepted at a school in Luӥeberg. Bach focused his attention to playing the violin and harpsichord His most important and long – term position was a ‘’cantor” at St. Thomas Church. Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 1. Johann Sebastian Bach (Germany, March 21, 1685 to July 28, 1750) His work includes: Brandenburg Concertos Mass in B minor Cantata 208 and 211 Fugue in G minor Toccata and Fugue in D minor Works for clavichord and harpsichord Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 2. Antonio Vivaldi Venice (March 4, 1678 to July 28, 1741) Nicknamed il Prete, Rosso ("The Red Priest") because of his red hair An Italian Baroque composer, a Catholic priest, and a virtuoso violinist known mainly for composing instrumental concertos, especially for the violin, as well as sacred choral works and over forty operas Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 2. Antonio Vivaldi Venice (March 4, 1678 to July 28, 1741) His most famous piece is “The Four Seasons.” This composition is a series of four violin concerti the seasons of “Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter’’ Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 3. George Friedrich Händel (Germany February 23, 1685 to London, April 14, 1759) At age 7, he gained access to a church organ and started to play. He is remembered for his operas and oratorios and became England’s favorite composer. Handel lost both of his eyesight in 1753. When he conducted his oratorio, “Samson”, a few in the audience were unaware that he had lost his eyesight. Famous Composers of the Baroque Period 3. George Friedrich Händel (Germany February 23, 1685 to London, April 14, 1759) The “Messiah” is Hӓndel’s most famous creation and the very well known “Hallelujah Chorus” is part of Hӓndel’s “Messiah” and was written in the space of twenty-four days in London, but it was in Dublin when the “Messiah” was first performed and became an instant success