Magnesium Sulfate PDF Drug Information

GENERIC NAME magnesium sulfate CLASSES • Electrolyte • Anti-inflammatory • Tocolytic (labor suppressant) STANDARD SUPPLY • Vial MECHANISMS OF ACTION • Decreases ventricular irritability • Decreases release of acetylcholine that inhibits muscular excitability • Causes uterine relaxation • Relaxes br...

GENERIC NAME magnesium sulfate CLASSES • Electrolyte • Anti-inflammatory • Tocolytic (labor suppressant) STANDARD SUPPLY • Vial MECHANISMS OF ACTION • Decreases ventricular irritability • Decreases release of acetylcholine that inhibits muscular excitability • Causes uterine relaxation • Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation • Raises the seizure threshold in eclampsia and preeclampsia INDICATIONS • Seizures caused by toxicity of pregnancy (toxemia) • Pregnancy induced hypertension (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia) • Pre-term labor • Torsades de pointes (polymorphic ventricular tachycardia) • Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia refractory to amiodarone or lidocaine • Reactive airway conditions including bronchoconstriction and bronchospasm CONTRAINDICATION • Hemodynamically significant heart block ADVERSE REACTIONS/SIDE EFFECTS • Central nervous system depression • Drowsiness • Hypotension • Respiratory depression • Dysrhythmias ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION • IV • IO • Infusion MAGNESIUM SULFATE 1 ONSET OF ACTION • Immediate ADULT DOSAGES • Torsades de pointes infusion: 1.0 to 2.0 gm in 50 to 100 mL over 5 minutes • May repeat the dosage 1.0 to 2.0 gm over 1 hour • Pre-term labor/pre-eclampsia/eclampsia infusion: 3.0 to 6.0 gm in 100 mL over 10 to 20 minutes • May repeat the initial dosage • Maintenance infusion: 1.0 to 4.0 gm/hour • Reactive airway conditions: 2.0 gm in 50 mL over 5 to 10 minutes • Cardiac arrest IV/IO: 1.0 to 2.0 gm over 1 to 2 minutes PEDIATRIC DOSAGES • Reactive airway conditions infusion: 25 to 50 mg/kg 10% solution infused over 15 to 30 minutes • Maximum dosage 2.0 gm SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS • The peak effect of the drug is variable • The duration of the drug is 1 hour • An infusion pump should be used to administer the drug when possible MAGNESIUM SULFATE 2