M13.20 Integrated Modular Avionic ATA42 PDF

M13.20 Integrated Modular Avionic ATA 42 25 September 2023  13.20 Integrated Modular Avionic Content Integrated Modular Avionic (IMA) Core System Network Components Prepared By: Halim Bujang 2 Integrated...

M13.20 Integrated Modular Avionic ATA 42 25 September 2023  13.20 Integrated Modular Avionic Content Integrated Modular Avionic (IMA) Core System Network Components Prepared By: Halim Bujang 2 Integrated Modular Avionic Prepared By: Halim Bujang 3 The use of new hardware, software and communication technologies enable the design of new system architectures based on resource sharing between different systems. Current microprocessors and support systems can provide computing capabilities that exceed the needs of single avionics functions. Specific hardware resources, coupled with the use of Operating Systems (OS) with a standardized Application Programming Interface (API) give the means to host independent applications on the same computing resource in a isolated environment. Current communication technologies are capable of providing high data throughput coupled with low access time to multiple end users across the same physical media (bus network). Prepared By: Halim Bujang 4 The Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) and Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN) supply shared avionics resources and powerful data exchange capability to various aircraft systems Integrated Modular Avionics represent real-time computer network airborne systems this network consists of a number of computing modules capable of supporting numerous applications of differing criticality levels. IMA concept proposes an integrated architecture with application software portable across an assembly of common hardware modules Prepared By: Halim Bujang 5 Their use gives flexibility for system architecture and for future development whilst reducing the amount of wiring necessary with previous implementation. Based on this new technology the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system and Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN) has been developed for the A380. All aircraft systems communicate with each other using two redundant avionics networks instead of conventional wiring. These aircraft systems are monitored and controlled by:- Conventional avionics with computers that are assigned to specific systems Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) with computers that can monitor and control several systems via several applications. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 6  History Old aircraft system (one computer one system) B737-200 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 7 IMA (one computer many system) B777 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 8  Reference : B777 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 9 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 10 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 11  Purpose of Integrated Modular Avionic The general purpose of the Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system is to give a centralized computing and data communication capability to be used by aircraft systems to implement their functions. It is a system where most of the conventional LRU functions are done by avionics applications Prepared By: Halim Bujang 12  IMA GOALS Technology Hardware should not have impact on any application during development/execution transparency Schedule Should have inbuilt capability to operate in the presence of failure so that Maintenance Free Maintenance Operating Periods (MFOPS) can be achieved. Incremental Application can be inserted/altered with minimum impact on other applications and on Update the supporting safety case. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 13  Advantages of IMA Allows for consolidation and Lower program lifecycle portability of costs application Improved software Reduce impact for re- re-use using components Improve modularity Reduce impact for application changes Prepared By: Halim Bujang 14  Advantage of IMA (cont) Reduce upgrade costs Improve A standard platform provides with portability choices of vendors Flexibility and Results in improved dispatch fault tolerance reliability Reduce the Lower maintenance costs number of Reduce space, weight and power LRU’s Prepared By: Halim Bujang 15  Integrated Modular Avionic The main component in the IMA are Core Processing Input/Output Modules (CPIOMs) Input/Output Modules (IOMs). CPIOMs and IOMs are Line Replaceable Modules (LRMs) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 16  CPIOM (Core Processing Input/Output Module) CPIOMs supply the software and hardware to do the calculations for many avionic systems. Its function are:- Computation capability for software application running in it. I/O capability –digital (ARINC 429), discrete and Analog) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 17  CPIOM (Core Processing Input/Output Module) B777 4 CPIOM in each AIMS cabinet that process specific application assign to it. Total of 22 CPIOM which are divided into 7 type which are identified into Letter A to G. The A380 difference type will host different avionic application. all CPIOM are interchangeable but may require a software reconfiguration Prepared By: Halim Bujang 18 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 19  IOM (Input Output Module) IOM supply the interface between conventional avionics that cannot directly connect to the avionics networks. For redundancy purposes, each conventional avionics is connected to two IOMs to enter the avionics networks IOM does not monitor or interrogate any data that pass trough it. It is only a high speed data mover B777 has 4 IOM in each AIMS cabinet. A380 has 8 IOM which assume as a gateway function between non AFDX data to AFDX data and vice versa. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 20  IOM (Input Output Module) IOM does not host avionics applications. converts non-AFDX data coming from conventional LRUs, into AFDX data used within the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 21 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 22  B777 CPM 4 type of CPM in this aircraft and are called Core Processing Module (CPM). This 4 type are:- CPM/Communication (CPM/Comm) CPM/Standard (CPM/Std) CPM/Graphic Generator 1 (CPM/GG) CPM/Graphic Generator 2 (CPM/GG) Each type have their unique application function. They are housed in a cabinet known as Aircraft Information Management Systems (AIMS) cabinet. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 23  B777 CPM Construction Each CPM has the same core processor circuit card assembly (CCA) The core processor CCA has these components: Power interface unit (PIU) Power monitors Bus interface power monitors (BIPM) Memory devices Central processing units (CPU) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 24  B777 Installed Software These are the type of software in the CPM: Operational program software (OPS) Operational program configuration (OPC) Airline modifiable information (AMI) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 25 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 26  B777 AIM Cabinet The AIMS interface with almost all aircraft systems which uses difference type of communication formats Flight controls ARINC 629 buses (3) , Systems ARINC 629 buses (4), AIMS inter cabinet Ethernet buses (4), Avionics Local Area Network (AVLAN), Low speed and high speed ARINC 429 data buses, ARINC 453 (Weather Radar) and 717 (Flight Data Recorder) buses ARINC 618 data (Modem interface – VHF comm), RS 422 buses, Display units video buses, Discrete and - Analog signals. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 27 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 28 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 29  A380 CPIOM 22 CPIOM which are divided into 7 type which are identified into Letter A to G 22 CPIOMs are classified in 7 types: 4 type A Pnumatic and Optional air Conditioning application 4 type B – Air conditioning application 2 type C – Cockpit and Flight Control application 2 type D – Data link application 2 type E – Energy application 4 type F – Fuel application 4 type G – Landing gear application Prepared By: Halim Bujang 30 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 31 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 32 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 33 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 34 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 35 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 36  A380 CPIOM component Hardware Board:- Power Supply Board (28VDC) 2 Input/Output Board which connected to aircraft system (ARINC, Analog, Controller Area Network and Descrete) Central Processing Unit Board (processing all data) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 37  A380 CPIOM component Field Loadable Module Software CPIOM Core Software (Operate Module and hosted avionic application) CPIOM Configuration Table Software (Gives module and avionic application with configuration data – memory, CPU, I/O application. Field Loadable Avionic Application/Database ATA Software compose of one or more avionic application Prepared By: Halim Bujang 38 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 39  A380 IOM IOM compose of Hardware and Field loadable Module Software. Hardware Board consist of :- Power supply board 2 Input/output board CPU board which let the IOM to exchange AFDX data with the ADCN. Field Loadable software which assume the gateway function. All IOM are interchangeable. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 40 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 41 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 42 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 43 CORE SYSTEM Prepared By: Halim Bujang 44  Core System The core system for the IMA is the CPIOM and it core software. Field Loadable Module Software CPIOM Core Software (Operate Module and hosted avionic application) CPIOM Configuration Table Software (Gives module and avionic application with configuration data – memory, CPU, I/O application. Field Loadable Avionic Application/Database ATA Software compose of one or more avionic application Prepared By: Halim Bujang 45 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 46 Network System Prepared By: Halim Bujang 47  Avionic Data Communication Network (ADCN) All aircraft systems are connected to both avionics networks. The information that comes from the aircraft systems is transmitted to the avionics networks via various entry points, referred to as switches. These switches automatically manage the communication between the aircraft systems:- They connect the aircraft systems to the network They route the information that is exchanged between the applicable systems. Note: The critical systems can always communicate with each other via conventional wiring to ensure that communication remains possible, if both avionics networks fail. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 48  Avionic Data Communication Network (ADCN) It let the IMA and conventional avionic to exchange data based over a communication technology develop from a non-aeronautical standard This technology gives flexibility for future systems development which will reduce the used of wire. Line Replaceble Module (LRM) that is CPIOM and IOM dialog through the ADCN and this technology is called Avionic Full DupleX Switch Ethernet (AFDX) CPIOM intergrades shared memory and computing resource to execute independently it hosted avionic application. This data is AFDX when application dialog through ADCN Prepared By: Halim Bujang 49 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 50 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 51  IOM convert non-AFDX data from conventional LRUs into AFDX data used within the ADCN and vice versa. Only one type of IOM identified by letter A. All IOMs are fully interchangeable Prepared By: Halim Bujang 52  Avionic Data Communication Network (ADCN) A380 computers are structured around an avionic and an open world. Open world host mainly Avionic, Flight Operation, communication and cabin application. 2 firewall is used to protect the avionic world against malicious data coming from open world for security reason. In avionic world , the aircraft system computers exchange operational and maintenance data through ADCN. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 53 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 54  ADCN and AFDX Technology The ADCN is supported by AFDX technology. The AFDX is a communication technology based on commercial Ethernet protocol. ADCN is made of AFDX switches and AFDX harness AFDX switches are electronic device which manage the data traffic on the network between the connected subscribers Prepared By: Halim Bujang 55  ADCN and AFDX Technology Advantages Secure and reliable High data rate up Communication to 100Mb/s Flexible for future development of Less wiring system architecture Prepared By: Halim Bujang 56 AFDX switches received data from an ADCN subscriber or from other switches. It analyse and route it to one or several recipient through the AFDX harness. AFDX harness is a full duplex physical link between a subscriber and an AFDX switches and between two AFDX switches. This link is a Star Quad cable, compose of 4 wire uniformly twisted, one pair for transmission and one pair reception. All ADCN subscribers have a connection to both networks A and B due to the redundant switch. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 57 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 58  ADCN Topology ADCN network consist of 16 switches, 8 per network and related AFDX harness. It interconnect 8 IOMs, 22 CPIOMs and 50 LRUs. Pairs of superposed switches show the full network redundancy. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 59 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 60  Data Transmission in ADCN Aircraft system data are sent simultaneously from an ADCN subscriber to another ADCN subscribers on both redundant network A and B through AFDX Switches according to a predefine path called Virtual Link (VL) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 61 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 62  Virtual Link Philosophy ADCN is a set of AFDX switches interconnecting several ADCN subscribers. Each ADCN Subscriber has an input/output interface called AFDX end system which let the subscriber send and received AFDX frame to and from another ADCN subscribers through ADCN. It is done by encoding the computer data into AFDX frame for transmission or decoding AFDX frame into computer data after reception. This AFDX end system duplicate AFDX frame in transmission and keep the first incoming one in reception. This duplication increase the availability of aircraft system data by sending them simultaneously on both redundant network A and B. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 63 Due to the AFDX technology, this data exchange uses a new concept called “Virtual Link” (VL). The virtual link:- carries AFDX screen has one specific identification Is sent by one transmitter only Is received by one or more subscriber in received mode. Goes on both redundant network A and B, through specific routing Each AFDX switch has a switching function which received the VL coming from one emitter, route it the appropriate output port base on the configuration table. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 64 An AFDX switch have 24 AFDX input output port. The emitter send a VL simultaneously to both first AFDX switches (one per network) then each AFDX switch according to VL identification and it configuration table, route the VL to the following AFDX switch and so for to the receiver Prepared By: Halim Bujang 65 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 66  AFDX Switch Component Power supply board – 28VDC Hardware Switching Board – route the AFDX frame according to a configuration table Boards Input /output board – Connected to other AFDX switches and ADCN subscriber. Field AFDX Switch operational Program – Operate module Loadable AFDX Switch configuration table software – Module Gives AFDX switch with configuration data. Switch No 1,2,3,4,5, 6, 7,9 (Network A) and 11, Software 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19 (Network B) Prepared By: Halim Bujang 67 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 68  AFDX Switch. 16 AFDX switch No 1 To 19 but No 8, 10 and 18 do not exist All AFDX switches are interchangeable but required software reconfiguration. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 69  Normal Operation Normal operation The VL is transmitted into both redundant networks A and B Prepared By: Halim Bujang 70  Single AFDX Switch Loss Class 4 fault. If not repaired prior 1000 flight hours it becomes class 1 level fault. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 71  Loss of CPIOM Only cockpit effect related to the loss of its hosted applications triggered, not to the loss of the CPIOM itself Prepared By: Halim Bujang 72  IOM Normal Operation 8 IOMs convert the aircraft system data send and received by LRUs directly connected to them from non AFDX into AFDX format and vice versa Prepared By: Halim Bujang 73  Single IOM Loss Only it mirror IOM converting the aircraft system data. Class 4 fault. If not repaired prior 1000 flight hours it becomes class 1 level 1 fault. No functional effect on aircraft system. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 74  Multiple Non Mirror IOM Loss Only their mirror IOMs are converting aircraft system data. Class 1 level 1 fault. Prepared By: Halim Bujang 75 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 76 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 77 Prepared By: Halim Bujang 78  END Prepared By: Halim Bujang 79