Lymphatic Tissue Summary PDF
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Uploaded by FastGrowingSynecdoche8167
Faculty of Physical Therapy Heliopolis University
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This document summarizes the lymphatic tissue and organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and tonsils. The document details the structure, location, and functions of each organ, highlighting their role in filtering lymph and blood to remove pathogens, forming lymphocytes, and mediating immune responses.
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Summary of Lymphatic Tissue and Organs 1. Lymph Nodes: - Shape: Kidney-shaped structures. - Location: Found in groups across the body, such as the neck, axilla, and groin. - Histological Structure: - Stroma: - Capsule made of connective tissue with fibroblasts and fibers (collagen + elasti...
Summary of Lymphatic Tissue and Organs 1. Lymph Nodes: - Shape: Kidney-shaped structures. - Location: Found in groups across the body, such as the neck, axilla, and groin. - Histological Structure: - Stroma: - Capsule made of connective tissue with fibroblasts and fibers (collagen + elastic), covered with subcutaneous fat. - Trabeculae descend from the capsule, dividing the gland into compartments (cortex and medulla). - Reticular connective tissue with reticular cells and fibers. - Parenchyma: - Cortex: Contains primary and secondary lymphatic follicles with lymphocytes (mainly B-cells), reticular cells, and antigen-presenting cells. - Medulla: Includes medullary cords and sinuses containing B-cells, plasma cells, and macrophages. - Thymus-dependent zone: Between the cortex and medulla, rich in T-lymphocytes. - Functions: - Filters lymph from microorganisms. - Produces lymphocytes. - Immunological functions (humoral and cell-mediated immunity). 2. Spleen: - Definition: A single lymphatic organ that filters blood. - Location: Intra-abdominal. - Histological Structure: - Stroma: - Capsule made of connective tissue with fibroblasts and elastic fibers, containing smooth muscle for blood release. - Trabeculae dividing the gland into irregular compartments. - Reticular connective tissue forming the background. - Parenchyma: - White Pulp: Contains periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths (PALS), germinal centers, follicular zones, and marginal zones rich in T and B lymphocytes. - Red Pulp: Consists of splenic cords and blood sinusoids containing blood cells and macrophages. - Functions: - Filters and stores blood. - Produces lymphocytes. - Destroys old RBCs and stores iron. - Immunological functions (humoral and cell-mediated immunity). 3. Tonsils: - Types: 1. Palatine Tonsils: Two oval masses in the oropharynx covered by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium forming crypts. 2. Lingual Tonsils: Irregular masses at the base of the tongue with crypts and secondary follicles. 3. Pharyngeal Tonsils: A single mass in the nasopharynx covered by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium without crypts. - Functions: - Protect the respiratory and digestive systems by producing antibodies. General Functions of Lymphatic Organs: 1. Filtration of lymph or blood to remove pathogens. 2. Formation of lymphocytes (T and B cells). 3. Immune responses, including humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
