Lexicology 1 Module PDF

1. Lexicology is the part of linguistics that studies **The vocabulary of a language** 2. Descriptive Lexicology **Deals with the vocabulary units of a particular language of a certain time???** 3. Lexicology deals with **words, word-forming morphemes (derivational affixes) and word...

1. Lexicology is the part of linguistics that studies **The vocabulary of a language** 2. Descriptive Lexicology **Deals with the vocabulary units of a particular language of a certain time???** 3. Lexicology deals with **words, word-forming morphemes (derivational affixes) and word-groups or phrases.???** 4. Historical Lexicology **deals with the evolution of the vocabulary units of a language as time goes by.???** 5. The selection of lexical units, arrangement and setting of the entries is one of the main problems in **lexicography** 6. Which of the following phraseological units is a *phraseological fusion **to kick the bucket*** 7. What is the approach which deals with the changes and development of vocabulary in the course of time? **Diachronic** 8. What is the subject-matter of semasiology? **the study of lexicon, morphology, syntax and sentential semantics** 9. What are homonyms proper? **the same in sound and spelling(ball,bank)** 10. Words identical in their sound form and graphic form are **Homonyms proper (perfect homonyms)** 11. Dictionaries that provide synonyms and antonyms for words are **Thesaurus** 12. The words: "pacifist, innocence, cordial\" have **a bound stem** 13. Which of the following phraseological units is a [phraseological collocation] **bear a grudge///bear malice** 14. er, -dom, -ness, -ation are **noun forming suffixes** 15. The words \"*cheese, street, wall, wine* belong to the earliest layer of borrowings **Latin** 16. word-forms, such as *girls, winters, joys, tables* though denoting widely different objects of reality have something in common. This common element can be found in all of them. How is it called? **grammatical meaning of plurality** 17. The toponyms for a *Kansas, Michigan. Missouri, Utah* are **Indian tribes** 18. General Lexicology **studies the vocabulary irrespective of any particular language** 19. Conversion is **the formation of words without using word-building affixes.** 20. Which of the following phraseological units is not motivated **Hot dog** 21. Choose the line where all the words have American spelling. **humor, theater, program, thru** 22. A prefix is **a derivational morpheme preceding the root** 23. What type of homonym is it? sea (n)- see (v); son (n)- sun(n) **Homophones** 24. Acronyms are **initialisms which are pronounced as single words** 25. The word *[well-known]* is a **Semi-bound (semi-free) morphemes?** 26. Define the way the following words have been created*: life- lo live, blood- lo bleed, hot- to heat, song- to sing **sound interchange*** 27. Define the examples of phonetic motivation from the following variants **bang, cuckoo, burr, splash** 28. What type of lexicology studies the evolution of words and morphemes? **Diachronic or historical lexicology** 29. Which of the following words are [homonyms proper] **bank (n) -- bank (n)** 30. *To know the way the wind blows* is **phraseological unity.** 31. What is the result of change of meaning in the following: *minister (a servant) -- minister (a civil servant of higher rank) **ameliorative (the improvement of the connotational component of meaning*** 32. What type of homonyms is the following*: knew - new; know - no; knows -- nose **partial homonymy*** 33. From the structural point of view morphemes may be classified into **free morphemes, bound morphemes and semi -- morphemes** 34. From the semantic point of view morphemes may be classified into **root-morphemes, non-root morphemes** 35. The word *"statesman*" is the example of **Morphological compounds** 36. The word "*lady - killer*" is **derivational compounds.** 37. *Smog, chunnel, faction, medicare* are the examples of **Blending** 38. Which of the following words are blendings **smog, brunch, clap** 39. Word-formation is the process of creating **new words** 40. What are compound words? **words consisting of at least two stems which occur in the language as free forms** 41. Which of the following words are of French origin **beau, commence, chauffeur** 42. *Red flower* is a (an) **free word-group** 43. The word "blackbird" is **simple neutral compound** 44. "Motel, brunch, smog, Oxbridge" are the examples of **blends** 45. \Define the way the following words have been created: ping-pong, chit-chat, rift-raft **by means of blending///reduplication/// Onomatopoeia???** 46. \The main lexicological problems are characterized by........ levels of study **two different/ syntagmatic and paradigmatic.** 47. \Compound stems **always binary and semantically moti¬vated//// match-box, driving-suit, pen-holder, safety-pin, wedding-pie, class-consciousness, light-mindedness** 48. \Noun forming suffixes **--er, -dom, -ness, -ation, -ity / -ty, -ment, -ship, -hood, -ance / -ence, -ism** 49. \Adjective forming suffixes **--able, -ful, -less, -ic, -ous, -ive, -y, -al, -ent, -ant, -ish, -ly, -some** 50. \Choose the native English word **summer, hope, life** 51. \Which of the following words are examples of early Latin borrowings into English? **cheese, street, wall, wine** 52. \Contracted compounds **These words have a shortened (contracted) stem in their structure: TV-set (-program, -show, -canal, etc.), V-day (Victory day), G-man (Government man \"FBI agent\"), H-bag (handbag), T-shirt** 53. \The noun is the name of a tool or implement, the verb denotes an action performed by the tool. **to nail, to pin, to hammer, to brush, to comb, to pencil.** 54. \The name of a container-the act of putting something within the container **to can, to bottle, to pocket** 55. \Choose derivational compounds **absent-mindedness, blue-eyed, golden-haired, broad-shouldered, lady-killer, film-goer, music-lover, honey-mooner, first-nighter, late-comer, newcomer, early-riser, evildoer** 56. \Choose morphological compounds **AngloSaxon, Franko-Prussian, handiwork, handicraft, craftsmanship, spokesman, statesman** 57. \Choose syntactic compounds **lily-of-the-valley, Jack-of-all-trades,** **good-for-nothing, mother-in-law, sit-at-home, pick-meup, know-all, know-nothing, go-between, get-together, whodunit.** 58. \Choose words that are made by [sound imitation] 59. \Examples of [back formation] **Televise, double-glaze, baby-sitter, to beg, to burgle, to cobble, to butle, to force-land, to blood transfuse** 60. \Find examples of Americanisms **Jeep, okay, Cookie, Frame-up, Guess, Mail, Store** 61. \Semantic change refers to the evolution of the meaning of a word over time. It can be classified into several categories such as....... **amelioration, pejoration, broadening, semantic narrowing, bleaching, metaphor, and metonymy** 62. \What is deterioration of meaning? **a word develops a meaning with a negative evaluative connotation which was absent in the first meaning** 63. \What is amelioration of meaning? **a semantic change in which a word\'s meaning becomes more positive or favorable over time.** 64. \Examples of degeneration of meaning **Silly, Villain, Knave** 65. \Examples of narrowing of meaning **Deer, Meat, Boy** 66. \Choose examples of elevation **nice, knight, clever, hero, gentry** 67. \Examples of partial lexical homonyms **can, to lie, to hang** 68. \Examples of simple lexico-grammatical partial homonyms **to found, to lay, to bound** 69. Сhoose the examples of complex lex gram partial homonyms **rose/Rose ( to rise, maid/made(to make) left(adj)/left(to leave), bean/been, v. (Past Part, of to be), one/won** 70. \Choose examples of homophones **night/knight, piece/peace, scent/cent/sent, rite/to write/right, sea/to see/C, been/bean** 71. \Choose examples of homographs **bow,tear, lead, desert, row** 72. \Words made by sound-imitation **onomotapeia/// bark, howl, cock-adoodle-doo , quack, croak, mew or miaow (meow), moo, crow, cuckoo, humming-bird, whippoor-will, cricket.** 73. \Examples of acronym **U.N.O, //B.B.C. //M.P.// g. f.// NATO // NASA // FBI // AIDS // UNESCO** 74. \Examples of phraseological combinations. **to be at one\'s wits\' end, to be good at something, to be a good hand at something, to have a bite, to come off a poor second, to come to a sticky end (coll.), to look a sight (coll.), to take something for granted, to stick to one\'s word, to stick at nothing, gospel truth, bosom friends.** 75. \Choose phraseological dictionaries **The Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms// The Dictionary of Idioms\" by Robert Allen// Cambridge Idioms Dictionary/// L. Smith «Words and Idioms», V. Collins «А Book of English Idioms»**