Lesson1 Introduction to Programming.pdf

UNIT 1 Introduction to Programming CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON Basic Programming 1 Concepts CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming It is a process which involves planning,...

UNIT 1 Introduction to Programming CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON Basic Programming 1 Concepts CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming It is a process which involves planning, scheduling or performing of a task or an event. Computer It is the process of writing instructions to Programming perform specific actions in a computer, and instructs the machine on how to perform in order to solve problems. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 is a set of steps the computer follows to receive data, process the data according to Data Processing instructions from a program, display the Cycle resulting information to the user, and store the results. (Information Processing Cycle) PROCESS CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 is a set of steps the computer follows to receive data, process the data according to Data Processing instructions from a program, display the Cycle resulting information to the user, and store the results. (Information Processing Cycle) CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 1 Understanding the Problem The first step is to get a clear idea of what you want to do. You need to know what kind of input to expect, how the input is to be processed, and what kind of output is required. nput rocess utput CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 2 Develop the Solution To solve the problem, you will need detailed plans, a plan of what is to be done and when, enabling us to develop the logic of the program. Tools that will help in this task are : (1) Algorithm /pseudocode, (2) Flowcharts, and (3) structure charts. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 3 Implementation Given the detailed design of the solution, this process involves writing the source code. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 4 Testing The process of finding and correcting errors in your program.(debugging) Bug is used to refer to any error in a program It involves tracing(simulating) where the information went and how it was processed. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 4 Testing Two Types of Testing CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 4 Testing Two Types of Testing Testing the program without knowing what is inside it-without knowing how it works. Test plans are developed by looking only at requirements statement and then https://www.javatpoint.com be used when the system is tested as a whole. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 4 Testing Two Types of Testing Testing the program by assuming everything about the program, making sure that every instruction and every possible situation has been https://www.javatpoint.com tested. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 5 Documentation When the program is finished and thoroughly tested, the documentation on the program is included for its distribution. It usually includes necessary information about the requirements of the program – operating system and hardware requirements needed for the program to run. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Program Development Process 6 Maintenance Maintaining or updating the program, keeping the program running smoothly and updated with the developments and changes in the field where it is used. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming Languages A programming language is a vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for instructing a computer or computing device to perform specific tasks. Each programming language has a unique set of keywords (words that it understands) and a special syntax for organizing program instructions. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming Languages Syntax Semantics set of grammatical rules for meaning associated writing any statement in a with the statement/code programming language CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Compilers and Interpreters A compiler is required to translate a program written using a programming language into a machine-readable form or known as binary code) before you can run the program on your machine. An interpreter to translate the high-level instructions into machine-understandable instructions (binary code) at runtime. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Regardless of what language is used, the program must eventually be converted into machine language so that the computer can understand it. Source Object Program Compiler Program The original program The machine language that is written in a version of a program high-level language A compiler takes the program code (source code) and converts the source code to a machine language module (called an object file). CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming Paradigm Procedural Programming Procedural programming is a list of instructions that tells the computer what to do incrementally. Procedural programming can rely on procedures, also known as routines or subroutines. A process contains a series of computational steps to be carried out. Procedural programming is also referred to as imperative programming and known as top-down language. CC 103Computer Programming 1 LESSON 1 Programming Paradigm Object-Oriented Programming Object-oriented programming (OOP) is an approach to problem- solving where all computations are carried out using an object as the basic unit. An object is an element of a program that sees how to perform specific actions and how to interact with other components of the program. An example of an object would be a person with attributes such as name, height, weight. It is expected for a person to be able to do something, such as walking, running, etc. defined as the method of the object. CC 103Computer Programming 1