Lesson-3-Smart-Citizens (1).pdf

SMART CITIZENS  What is the role of citizens in smart cities?  Co-creating smart cities: Design WMSU thinking  Redesigning cities for citizens: towards the all-age-friendly city What is the role of citizens in smart cities?...

SMART CITIZENS  What is the role of citizens in smart cities?  Co-creating smart cities: Design WMSU thinking  Redesigning cities for citizens: towards the all-age-friendly city What is the role of citizens in smart cities? A utopian vision of smart cities that has been largely driven by technologists and engineers sees cities in which our lives are automated in an environment that is highly efficient. Forward-thinking cities and businesses recognize the need to review their approach to smart city design and planning, to move away from a technology-led approach and towards a design approach that is people-centered. What is the role of citizens in smart cities? Nesta, an innovation charity, has published a report called Rethinking Smart Cities from the Ground Up (Nesta et al., 2015). The report recognizes that successful smart cities are making the most of the technologies that enable greater collaboration between urban communities, and between citizens and city governments.  What is the role of citizens in smart cities? If you want to design engaging and effective smart cities you’ll need to consider who your citizens are and how you can work with them. As a designer of a smart city, your engagement and design approach will be influenced by certain standard factors, including age, gender, whether or not you have a disability, whether or not you have children, ownership of a computer, earnings and where you live. Engaging citizens Traditionally citizens have been viewed as consumers or users of smart city products and services. However, a citizen can also be a producer. A citizen who is both a consumer and producer is called a prosumer. IES Cities A European smart city project that is already helping companies, citizens and city governments to collaborate in building their own digital city identity is IES Cities. Thirteen partners from five different countries are working together to create a citywide ecosystem of urban apps that will use open city data enhanced by citizens using their smartphones. IES Cities is building an open innovation system where companies, citizens, and councils interact and collaborate to achieve a smarter city, a city where citizens contribute their own data and have a voice in the design of new services. IES Cities Citizens become prosumers, that is providers, producers, and users of information utilizing their smartphone apps. IES Cities provide citizens, municipalities, and SMEs with the tools to facilitate the use of an open technological platform across Europe. Energy systems for smarter cities Secure and reliable energy supply is a key issue for our growing cities. MK:Smart, a 16 million pound investment in Milton Keynes. They collect energy data from the whole city and analyze it in data centers to provide better information to people, to manage their energy more efficiently, to change how people use their appliances in their own home. Smart energy management is one of the key topics for future cities. Co-creating smart cities: design thinking Design thinking is all about structured processes that encourage creativity in problem solving. It’s a useful approach for cities that want to design meaningful solutions to city challenges by working with their citizens. Co-creating smart cities: design thinking Co-creating smart cities: design thinking Empathize: work with the user to fully understand their experience of the problem that needs to be solved by observation, interaction and immersion. Define: work through the outputs of the empathize stage to form a user point of view that will be addressed in the solution design. Ideate: explore lots of ideas and generate a wide range of possible solutions. Prototype: transform an idea into a simple version of the solution ready for testing. Test: trial the solution, use feedback to re-consider earlier stages, improve the solution and test again. Co-creating smart cities: design thinking Smart city solutions (products or services) can be designed using a variety of design approaches. –Supplier-centered design – a designer creates a solution they think cities or citizens need. –User-centered design – a designer shapes a solution to the user’s point of view. –Co-design – a designer works with stakeholders to help them design a solution for themselves. –Co-production – a designer works with stakeholders to produce a solution. –Co-creation – this is where co-design and co-production are brought together. Citizens work in partnership with a designer to co-create solutions. Cities Unlocked The Cities Unlocked at the Future Cities Catapult in London is working with Microsoft and the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association to design innovative solutions that will help people who are blind and partially sighted as well as everyone else to navigate the city more enjoyably and effectively. Living labs Living Lab is a real-life test and experimentation environment in which users and producers co-create innovations. Living labs The European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL) was established as an independent association of living labs in 2010. It’s a not-for-profit organization and has 3,454 international members spanning six continents. Living labs ENoll defines living labs as ‘real-life test and experimentation environments where users and producers co-create innovations’. They’re a form of public–private–people partnership and employ four main activities: 1.co-creation – co-design by users and producers 2.exploration – discovering emerging usages, behaviours and market opportunities 3.experimentation – implementing live scenarios within communities of users 4.evaluation – assessment of concepts, products and services according to various criteria. ENoLL Summer School ENoLL Summer School is the annual event of the worldwide living lab community. This four-day event attracts a global and diverse audience. Its aim is to give participants a broader insight into models, theories and technologies relating to living labs, as well as opportunities to network and share experiences. Crowdsourcing citizens’ ideas In Iceland Better Reykjavík is a platform that allows citizens to propose, debate and vote on ideas for improving their city. NextBengaluru is a platform engaging citizens of Bengaluru (also known as Bangalore) in urban planning. It was created by a non-government organization (NGO), the MOD Institute. It’s a space for residents to express their ideas and wishes, to discuss the future of the city and create a joint vision. Crowdsourcing citizens’ ideas Our MK is an ideas platform launched in 2015 as part of the MK:Smart project. It empowers citizens of Milton Keynes to put forward ideas that will impact the community and help shape the future of the city. People are encouraged to innovate, collaborate, share ideas, build projects and change their community. Critical factors in crowdsourcing: –Transparency –Clarity The Mayors’ Challenge The Bloomberg Philanthropies 2014 Mayors’ Challenge was an ideas competition for European cities that encouraged cities to generate innovative improvements to city life and solutions to major challenges. It sought from city leaders bold ideas that had the potential to spread to other cities. The Mayors’ Challenge Athens: Athens will create synAthina, an online platform to connect members of the community with their local government. Citizens can submit ideas on how to improve their city and will work together with government representatives to develop solutions to local problems, resulting in creative grassroots solutions and a mechanism for bottom-up reform of outdated municipal processes and regulations.  The Mayors’ Challenge Barcelona: Barcelona will use digital and low-tech strategies to create a network of family members, friends, neighbors, social workers and volunteers who together make up a ‘trust network’ for each at-risk elderly resident. This will help identify gaps in care, enable coordination of support and promote quality of life.  The Mayors’ Challenge Kirklees: Kirklees wants to stimulate and operate a new sharing economy to maximize untapped local resources and do more with less. The city will pool idle government assets – from vehicles, to venues and citizens’ skills and expertise – and work with non-profit sectors to make these assets available through an online platform that will organise and allow for borrowing, bartering and time-banking to benefit both programmes and residents. The Mayors’ Challenge Stockholm: Stockholm will create a citywide program that activates citizens as front-line change agents to curb this escalating problem. Together, the city and its residents will produce biochar, an organic substance that increases tree growth, sequesters carbon and purifies storm water runoff. Citizens will bring their green waste to locations across the city for conversion to biochar and ultimately, redistribution. The Mayors’ Challenge Warsaw: Warsaw will place thousands of beacons around the city that communicate with users through mobile apps. These tools promise to transform lives, saving the visually impaired hours of travel per day and allowing them greater self-sufficiency. Redesigning cities for citizens: towards the all-age-friendly city Bristol University’s School of Graduate Education is working with the Future Cities Catapult to explore ways of creating and maintaining socially cohesive cities that suit the needs of citizens of all ages. The All-Age-Friendly City project brought together researchers working in childhood and ageing, members of local government, artists, community groups, computer scientists, developers, planners, and practitioners working with children and older adults. Mobility on demand The Economic and Environmental Cost of Traffic Congestion report reveals that in 2013 traffic congestion drained the economies of the US, UK, Germany and France of more than $200 billion (INRIX, 2014). The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that in 2012 around 7 million people died as a result of air pollution exposure – one in eight of total global deaths (WHO, 2014). This makes air pollution the world’s largest single environmental health risk. Mobility on demand Developments in ICT mean that new smart transport services are being created. There are real-time travel apps, such as: – Citymapper which offers live departure information for all possible transport modes between two locations. Cities available in the app include Singapore, Toronto, Berlin and Sao Paulo. –Smart travel cards such as the Oyster card facilitate easy payment across transport models. Mobility on demand Developments in ICT mean that new smart transport services are being created. There are real-time travel apps, such as: – Sidecar is a ride app that connects people who need a lift with everyday drivers in their personal vehicles. –In Jakarta residents use Twitter to organise shared car journeys to work: the Nebengers Twitter account has 83,000 followers and re-tweets 1,000 requests for ride shares each day. Mobility on demand Driverless vehicles - which are currently being piloted in four UK cities – Greenwich in south-east London, Bristol, Coventry and Milton Keynes. Personal rapid transit - which consists of small, two- or three-passenger vehicles running on elevated guideways with no driver. Mobility on demand Beat the Street is a fun, free walking and cycling game for a whole community. It turns an area into a real-life game where players register their movement by tapping radio-frequency identification (RFID) cards on ‘beat boxes’ placed around the city, encouraging people to become more physically active and change the way they travel. CycleEye is a driver’s aid that alerts busy drivers of buses and heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) to the presence of cyclists nearby who might otherwise be difficult to spot. Motion Map This provides real time travel information for residents in the area. A motion map will combine data from transport operators with information people provide themselves. It’s an open and democratic data system to enable people, community groups, and innovative businesses to develop new services.  SMART CITIZENS  What is the role of citizens in smart cities?  Co-creating smart cities: Design WMSU thinking  Redesigning cities for citizens: towards the all-age-friendly city