Lesson 2: Perpetuation of Life - Sexual & Asexual Reproduction PDF

PERPETUATION OF LIFE Asexual and Sexual Reproduction LEARNING GOAL: identify the different ways how plants reproduce; differentiate asexual reproduction from asexual reproduction; learn the advantage and disadvantage of both types of reproduction; REPRODUCTION ▪ a process in which new...

PERPETUATION OF LIFE Asexual and Sexual Reproduction LEARNING GOAL: identify the different ways how plants reproduce; differentiate asexual reproduction from asexual reproduction; learn the advantage and disadvantage of both types of reproduction; REPRODUCTION ▪ a process in which new individual organisms are produced. May be sexual or asexual. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves the union of gametes (egg cell and sperm cell) through fertilization. flowers play a major role in sexual reproduction as it houses the structures for this process ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION involves the creation of cloned offspring from a parent organism.  PARTS OF A FLOWER produces the pollen, which contains the stigma - responsible for sperm cell catching the pollen stamen anther filament style Pistil (carpel) - male -female reproductive reproductive organ ovary organ petal - function to Ovule - contains the attract sepal egg cells (after pollinators - protects the fertilization, it flower when it will develop into buds a seed) pedicel - stalk of the flower Style - where the sperm cell from the pollen can travel to the ovary POLLINATION the process of transferring pollen from an anther to a stigma. There are two types of pollination: ▪ Self-Pollination. ▪ Cross-Pollination.  Self Pollination - occurs when the pollen grain from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or another flower on the same plant. Cross Pollination - the transfer of pollen grain from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower WHY POLLINATION IS IMPORTANT? Pollination is important because it leads to the production of fruits we can eat, and seeds that will create more plants. How insects help in the process of pollination of a flower FERTILIZATION IN PLANTS *For sexual reproduction, the male and female gametes must meet. *After fertilization, the ovules become seeds and the ovary wall becomes the rest of the fruit.  “DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION” Vegetative Propagation - any form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant or a specialized reproductive structure STOLON grow horizontally above the ground called a runner. Tiny plantlets form along the stolon, and roots where they touch the ground Example: strawberries ROOTS: swollen roots called tubers can allow asexual reproduction BULBS such as onion (each skin is a leaf) and garlic (each piece is a modified stem and leaf) is attached to an underground stem. Each can form a new bulb underground.  LEAVES that are succulent, such as the catacataca leaf, can allow asexual reproduction. GRAFTING composed of the stock (rooted part of the plant) and the scion (the attached part). This is usually done to hasten the reproductive ability of a plant, grow a selected fruiting plant, etc. LAYERING a shoot of a parent plant is bent and is covered by soil. This stimulates root growth, after which, the plants can be separated. CUTTING: It is done to propagate a plant by cutting the stem at of a shoot with attached. leaves. Which process of reproduction result in more genetic diversity? sexual or asexual? Why does sexual reproduction result in more genetic diversity than asexual reproduction? Sexual reproduction provides genetic diversity because the sperm and egg that are produced contain different combinations of genes than the parent organisms so the species can adapt to new environments due to variation.  https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1662-vegetative-plant- propagation https://www.google.com/search?q=stages+of+sexual+reproduction +in+plants