Lesson 1- Intro to Internet, Web Browsers & Search Engine.pdf

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET, WEB BROWSERS AND SEARCH ENGINE The Internet The Internet or “net” (network of networks) is the largest computer network in the world that connects billions of computer users. The word internet comes from a combination of...

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET, WEB BROWSERS AND SEARCH ENGINE The Internet The Internet or “net” (network of networks) is the largest computer network in the world that connects billions of computer users. The word internet comes from a combination of “interconnect” and “network”. The Internet A network is a collection of computers and devices connected via communication channels and transmission media to share resources (hardware, software, data, information). The Internet The Internet is a global network comprised of small networks that are interconnected using standardized communication protocols. The Internet standards describe a framework known as the Internet protocol suite. The Internet The model divides methods into a Layered system of protocol. These layers are as follows: 1. Application layer (highest) – concerned with the data (URL, type, etc.). This is where HTTP, HTTPS, etc.. comes in. The Internet 2. Transport layer – responsible for end-to-end communication over a network. 3. Network layer – provides data route. Major Components of the Internet 1. Server –a computer program that provides service to another computer program and its user. Types of Servers Application Server – a computer program that provides the business logic for an application program. Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files. Major Components of the Internet Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an endpoint device, such as a computer, and another server from which a user is requesting. Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mails from local users and remote senders and forwards outgoing e-mails for delivery Major Components of the Internet File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management of data files so that other computers on the same network can access them. Policy Server – is a security component of a policy–based network that provides authorization services and facilities tracking and control of files. Major Components of the Internet 2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a numerical label assigned to each device. This provides identity to a network device. 3. Browser – is an application program that provides a way to look for information on the web. Example of browser: Major Components of the Internet 4. Domain Name System (DNS) – the phonebook of the internet. We access information online through domain names. Example of DNS: www.google.com, www.paterostechnologicalcollege.edu.ph Major Components of the Internet 5. Internet Service Provider (ISP) – an organization that provides services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet. Two types of ISPs: 1. National ISP – provided internet access to a specific geographic area. 2. Regional ISP – a business that provides internet access in cities and towns nationwide. Examples of ISP: PLDT, Converge Uses of Internet Look for information Watch & post videos School works, jobs, and Games home purposes Send and receive electronic Take college courses mail Monitor home while away Video teleconferencing Financial transactions (video call, video chat) Buy and sell product Download music and Social networking movies The Web The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages containing text and graphic images. It contains hypertext links, highlighted keywords, and images that lead to related information. The Web A collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or focus is called a Website. The main page that all of the pages on a particular Website are organized around and linked back to is called the site’s home page. The Web The main page that all of the pages on a particular Web site are organized around and link back to is called the site’s home page. Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee, is an English engineer and computer scientist best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the University of Oxford and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The Web A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web) - It is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet. - The first stage worldwide linking web pages and hyperlinks. - The web is used as an “information portal”. It uses tables to position and align elements on the page. Most read-only web. If focused on the company’s home pages. Dividing the World Wide Web into usable directories The Web It means the web is used as an “Information Portal” It started with the simple idea of “putting content together” Example of Web 1.0: Mp3.com Home Page Directories Page Views HTML/Portals. The Web B. Web 2.0 (Read-Write Interactive Web) - A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an increasing emphasis on human collaboration. It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control their data. This is about user-generated content and the read-write web. People are consuming as well as contributing information through blogs or sites. The Web Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Dynamic page refers to the web pages that are affected by user input or preference. Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via social media, blogging and Web-based communities. The Web Examples of Web 2.0 are the following: A. Social Networking - is the use of Internet-based social media sites to stay connected with friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients. - Social networking can have a social purpose, a business purpose, or both, through sites such as: Examples: Facebook Pinterest Twitter Tumblr LinkedIn Instagram Google+ Page The Web B. Blogs - is a discussion or informational website web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style text entries (posts). - Posts are typically displayed in reverse chronological order, so that the most recent post appears first, at the top of the web page. Examples: Wordpress Blogger Tumbler The Web C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience directly using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for the subjects or scope of the project and may be either open to the public or limited to use within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base. Examples: Wikipedia Wikibooks MedaiWiki The Web C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience directly using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for the subjects or scope of the project and may be either open to the public or limited to use within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base. Examples: Wikipedia Wikibooks MedaiWiki The Web D. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets people upload and share their video clips with the public at large or to invited guests. Example: Youtube Facebook LinkedIn Flickr Photobucket LinkedIn Flickr The Web Key Features of Web 2.0: Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords (e.g. tagging). Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example would be a website that shows local content. The Web Key Features of Web 2.0: User Participation – the website owner is not the only one who can put content. Others are able to place content on their own by means of comments, reviews, and evaluations. Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. This is synonymous with subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spend on the Internet or a data plan that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you use. The Web C. Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web) - Suggested name by John Markoff of the New York Times for the third generation of the web. - In this generation, all the application on web or mobile will be upgraded with more features. It applies the same principles as Web 2.0: two-way interaction. - Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and intelligent, with semantic web technologies, distributed databases, natural language processing, machine learning, machine reasoning, and autonomous agents. The Web - Semantic Web - provides a framework that allows data to be shared and reused to deliver web content specifically targeting the user. - It is a web of data. - Changing the web into a language that can be read and categorized by the system rather than humans. Types of Websites eCommerce Website is a website people can directly buy products from you’ve probably used a number of eCommerce websites before, most big brands and plenty of smaller ones have one. Any website that includes a shopping cart and a way for you to provide credit card information to make a purchase falls into this category. The Web Business Website is any website that’s devoted to representing a specific business. It should be branded like the business (the same logo and positioning) and communicate the types of products and/or services the business offers. Entertainment Website If you think about your internet browsing habits, you can probably think of a few websites that you visit purely for entertainment purposes. The Web Educational Website The websites of educational institutions and those offering online courses fall into the category of educational websites. These websites have the primary goal of either providing educational materials to visitors or providing information on an educational institution to them. The Web Personal Website Not all websites exist to make money in some way or another. Many people find value in creating personal websites to put their own thoughts out into the world. This category includes personal blogs, vlogs, and photo diaries people share with the world. The Web Web Portal are often websites designed for internal purposes at a business, organization, or institution. They collect information in different formats from different sources into one place to make all relevant information accessible to the people who need to see it. They often involve a login and personalized views for different users that ensure the information that’s accessible is most useful to their particular needs. Browsers and Search Engines Browsers - is an application to connect computers to the Internet. - it helps in accessing and displaying web pages. - commonly used Web Browsers: Internet Explorer Netscape Navigator Firefox Google Chrome Browsers and Search Engines Search Engines - is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. - The search results are generally presented in a line of results to referred to as Search Engine Results Pages (SERPs). Browsers and Search Engines Search Engines - Commonly used search engines are: Yahoo Google MSN Search Bing Ask.com Types of Search Engines Crawler-Based Search Engines - Create their listings automatically by using a piece of software to “crawl” or “spider” the web and then index what it finds to build the search base. - Web page changes can be dynamically caught by crawler-based search engines and will affect how these web pages get listed in the search results. Types of Search Engines Crawler-Based Search Engines - Good for specific searches when the topic is in mind. - If the search topic is general, crawler-based search engines may return hundreds of thousands of irrelevant responses to simple search requests. Examples: Google, AllTheWeb, and AltaVista Types of Search Engines Human-Powered Directories - depend on human editors to create their listings. - Typically, webmasters submit a short description to the directory for their websites - or editors write one for the sites they review - these manually edited descriptions will form the search base. Types of Search Engines - these manually edited descriptions will form the search base. - Therefore, changes made to individual web pages will have no effect on how these pages get listed in the search results. - Human-Powered directories are good when you are interested in a general topic of search. Types of Search Engines - In this situation, a directory can guide and help you narrow your search and get refined results. - However, this is not an efficient way to find information when a specific search topic is in mind. Examples: Yahoo directory, Open Directory, and LookSmart THANK YOU!