Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions PDF

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Quarter 1 - Module 1 Arts in the Philippines Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 - Module 1: Arts in the Philippines First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copy...

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Quarter 1 - Module 1 Arts in the Philippines Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 - Module 1: Arts in the Philippines First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Mariane Diane S. Maputi Editor: Mary Grace Sumono Reviewers: Grace B. Santos and Dr. Gregorio T. Capiral Illustrator: Mervin M. Meude Layout Artist: Teddy C. Sarmiento Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral, Director IV Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS Micah S. Pacheco, Regional ADM Coordinator Evangeline P. Ladines, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent Rodel C. Apostol, Division EPS In Charge of LRMS Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – National Capital Region Office Address: Misamis St. Bago Bantay, Quezon City Telefax: 02-929-0153 E-mail Address: [email protected] Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Quarter 1 - Module 1 Arts in the Philippines iv  What I Need to Know This module is designed and is written for you. It is intended to facilitate understanding and appreciation of Philippine Contemporary Arts. The scope of this module permits it to be used in different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course as indicated in the curriculum guide. However, the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the flow of the lesson and with the rate or pace of learning. The module contains Lesson 1 – Arts in the Philippines. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. define contemporary arts; 2. describe the art forms from the various regions through the development of Philippine arts; and 3. describe various contemporary art forms from the regions based on the elements and principles of arts. 5  Lesson Arts in the Philippines 1 Art or “Sining” is defined as the different manners of expressing human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic conditions, objects and presentations. Art is not confined only to what is seen. Art involves the use of all the physical senses in order to appreciate it. Art or “Sining” is defined as the different manners of expressing human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic conditions, objects and presentations. Art is not confined only to what is seen. Art involves the use of all the physical senses in order to appreciate it. 6  What’s New Philippines has diverse art forms from its different regions. These diverse art forms, when integrated, give a clear picture of how abundant the culture and tradition of the Philippines is. It continues to evolve up to the present and progress to contemporary art tradition. As a Filipino, we should have the knowledge about the different art forms in the Philippines to fully understand the culture, tradition, and nation’s identity. In this module, you will have an understanding and appreciation of the Philippine Arts specifically the Contemporary Philippine Arts. To start your learning of the different art forms in the Philippines, examine the following images of arts and process your thoughts with the help of the guide questions below. Manunggul Jar https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Manunggul_Jar.jpg The Making of the Philippine Flag https://www.flickr.com/photos/192509194@N08/51027230412/in/photolist- tqrprj-2kK6TQG Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series) http://www.artnet.com/artists/federico-aguilar-alcuaz/cinco-marias- tres-marias-series-t13EdcO9e9IDJjcXRsyM5A2 7 These are the guide questions: 1. What do the pictures of arts present? 2. How these arts reflect the Philippine’s culture and tradition and the development of Philippine arts? What is It The development of the Philippine arts comes in three major traditions. These are the Ethnic Tradition, Spanish Colonial Tradition, and American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions. Even before the colonization, the Philippines already has its indigenous arts. In this era, art forms were primarily influenced by the area where our ancestors prosper. However, the Spaniards came who tend to replace indigenous arts with western arts. For the period of Spanish rule, art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization. Consequently, after more than three centuries of Spanish colonization, Americans came. During American rule, development of Philippine art forms was mainly influenced by education and governance. Subsequently, concept of modern art was introduced and practiced by many artists. It is in this time wherein urbanization, consumerism, changes in the political system, and rise of new technology influence the development of art. Due to the technological advances, new forms of expression came in the field of arts and modern art continuously developed which led to the contemporary arts nowadays (Luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016). To describe the development of Philippine arts, read the information presented on the table below. Characteristic Tradition Various Art Forms from The Regions s/Features Art forms are Angono Petroglyphs primarily The Angono Petroglyphs is influenced by situated in Binangonan, Rizal. the It was discovered by the geographical National Artist, Carlos location and “Botong” Francisco, in 1965. the experiences https://upload.wikimedia.org There are 127 human and /wikipedia/commons/7/7b/ of the Filipinos Angono-Petroglyphs-1.jpg animal figures engraved on Ethnic (Luzviminda & the rock wall and dated back Tradition Sayseng, 2016). to circa late Neolithic. In this time, the purpose of arts Manunggul Jar is integral to Manunggul jar is found in life. Arts Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Point, reflected the Palawan in the early 1960s. pagan beliefs https://upload.wikimedi Manunggul jar is a burial jar which and practices, ns/e/eb/Manunggul_Jar signifies the belief of early Filipino in a.org/wikipedia/commo everyday.jpg life after death. 8  activity such as Banga fishing and Banga literally means pots. The farming, and Banga or pot dance is a performance specific of Kalinga of the Mountain Province decorative art of the Philippines. This dance shows https://www.flickr.com/photos pattern to the /kostastrovas/5586665289/in/ the elegant grace of Igorot tribe and community. photolist-9vF7Xk-aqxtt6 the skill and strength of women. Langit, lupa, at Impyerno by Josef Luciano Dans This wall painting by Josef Luciano Dans will be found in Art forms were St. James the Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna. This primarily painting was dated 1850 and depicts the heaven, influenced by crucifixion of Christ; earth, Adan and Eve; and hell, religion and Spanish sinners with different transgressions. secularization. Colonial In this time, https://commons.wikimedia.org/ Tradition wiki/File:Allan_Jay_Quesada- St. Paul Metropolitan Spaniards used _DSC_0465_St._Paul_Metropolitan arts to _Cathedral,_Vigan_City.jpg Cathedral propagate the St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral Catholic faith. is located in Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. The original structure was built in 1574 and replaced as a church in 1641. The cathedral follows a Baroque architectural design. The Making of the Philippine Flag by Fernando Amorsolo This painting was made by https://www.flickr.com/photos Modern Art /192509194@N08/5102723041 Fernando Amorsolo, “Grand Old 2/in/photolist-tqrprj-2kK6TQG Man of Philippine Art” and born in Modern art refers to the Manila. It shows a reminder of the reminder of traditions practice of art and customs of the Filipino. from 1860s to Bayanihan 1960s. the by Carlos “Botong” Francisco Carlos main theme of American “Botong” Francisco was born in art works in Colonial Ango, Rizal. This this time is https://www.flickr.com/photos/ and painting by him was dated in national nccaofficial/18250521149/in/p Contempo hotolist-tNJG6K-2hVaF4W 1962. This mural painting of identity. rary Arts Carlos “Botong” Francisco shows the Filipino’s bayanihan Traditions tradition. This also shows the distinctive style of Francisco’s painting that showcased his mastery in arts. Contemporary Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Arts Series) Contemporary by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz art refers to the Federico Aguilas Alcuaz was practice of art http://www.artnet.com/artists born in Santa Cruz, Manila. /federico-aguilar-alcuaz/cinco- from 1970s to marias-tres-marias-series- Cinco Marias (Tres Marias the present. t13EdcO9e9IDJjcXRsyM5A2 Series) depicts the variety of Contemporary domestic activities (Guillermo, 2007). 9  arts mirror https://www.flickr.com/photos/ Art Installation in Sand contemporary blrapadas/7401469674/in/phot olist-ch3t57-bX1hu6 Dunes of Paoay culture and by Leeroy New society. Diverse Leeroy New is one of the and emerging Philippines contemporary art practices artists. He is born in General were being SANTOS City. This art installation of Leeroy New was introduced in made for the La Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte. this era. According to Leeroy New, the art installation symbolizes the great festivals, feasts and celebrations (Lape𝑛̃ a, 2012). These art forms from various regions or from various artists contributed to the picture of Philippine’s identity as a country. And as a Filipino, it’s important that we have knowledge to describe these art forms based on its details and elements, in relation to our country’s culture and tradition, that makes it an artistic piece. In the field of arts, knowing the elements and principles of arts is important, not just to the artist but also to the viewer, to have a deeper understanding of an artwork. Now, let us know these elements and principles of arts. Elements of Art 1. Space In visual arts, space pertains to emptiness which may either be positive space or negative space. Positive space refers to a part which is enclosed in a shape, while negative space refers to the opposite part which the shape is enclosing. 2. Line In visual arts, a line is a series of connected points. It may come in two characteristics: form – curved, dotted, or broken lines; and direction – vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. Different types of lines may convey different meanings. For example, a horizontal line usually suggests calmness, vert ical lines may convey strength, diagonal lines create an impression of action, curved lines create an expression of gradual change of direction, and circular line may pertain an abrupt change of direction. 3. Shape and Form Shape is an area that is enclosed by a line or lines. Shapes are two dimensional figures with height and width. There are different kinds of shapes and these are geometric shapes (triangle, squares, rectangle, etc.), organic shapes (shapes found in nature, e.g. shape of a leaf or cloud), abstract shapes (asymmetrical and free flowing shapes). Meanwhile, forms are three dimensional figures. Its dimensions are height, width, and volume. Unlike shapes, it has more depth. 4. Color In visual arts, color is associated with the natural phenomenon in our environment. Scientifically, when a light passes through a prism, it will produce 10  different hues of different wavelengths. These colors may pertain to lightness, darkness, coolness, or warmth. 5. Value In visual arts, value is considered a property of a color which pertains to its lightness or darkness. 6. Texture In visual arts, texture is the element that appeals to our sense of feel on things, rough, smooth, bumpy, or slippery. It pertains to the surface of an art piece. Principles of Art 1. Proportion Proportion refers to the relationship of the size of elements in a body of art. For example, when drawing a human standing beside a house, it is important to ensure that the size of the human is proportional to the size of the house. 2. Harmony In visual arts, harmony is the unity of the artwork, specifically about the arrangement of the related elements. 3. Variety In other terms, variety may be referred to as diversity. This means adding multiple, different elements to break the monotony of an artwork and make it more interesting. 4. Movement In arts, movement is the illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture design, or in a piece of art. 5. Rhythm This refers to the repetition of certain elements to produce a pattern. In visual arts, repeated design elements may create a certain flow and may lead the viewer’s eyes. 6. Balance Balance refers to the even and equal distribution of elements. 7. Emphasis Emphasis is a principle which may refer to the greater impact given on a certain element. These elements and principles of arts are essential to understand the meaning of a piece of art clearly and deeply. In relation to that, diverse art forms in the Philippines convey its meanings through the elements and principles present to them. So, as we described some art forms from the various regions through the development of Philippine arts, let’s use the elements and principles of arts to understand it. 11  What I Have Learned 1. Art or “Sining” is defined as different manners of expressing human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic conditions, objects and presentations. 2. In Ethnic Tradition, art forms are primarily influenced by the geographical location and the experiences of the Filipinos (Luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016). 3. In Spanish Colonial Tradition, art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization. 4. Modern art refers to the practice of art from 1860s to 1960s. The main theme of art works in this time is national identity. 5. Contemporary art refers to the practice of art from 1970s to the present. Contemporary arts mirror contemporary culture and society. 6. The elements and principles of art is important not just to the artist but also to the viewer, to have a deeper understanding of an artwork. 7. The elements of art are space, line, shape, form, color, value, and texture. 8. The principles of art are proportion, harmony, variety, movement, rhythm, balance, and emphasis. 12