Introduction to Hydrology Lecture Notes PDF

INTRODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY Instructor: Engr. Adones Caduyac, MSc Master of Science in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering major in Water Engineering, Part time Faculty, Full time Senior Water Resources Engineer, DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY WEATHER AND HYDROLOGY THE HYDROLOGI...

INTRODUCTION TO HYDROLOGY Instructor: Engr. Adones Caduyac, MSc Master of Science in Civil and Infrastructure Engineering major in Water Engineering, Part time Faculty, Full time Senior Water Resources Engineer, DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY DEFINITION OF HYDROLOGY WEATHER AND HYDROLOGY THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE  EVAPORATION Evaporation is the change of state in a substance from a liquid to a gas. In meteorology , the substance we are c oncerned about the most is water. Water is continuously evaporating from the surface of th e earth, literally pumping more and more water vapor int o the atmosphere. Evaporation both sea and land surface where the sun is the most important factor determining the rate of evapor ation. Source : www.whatisevaporation.com Source: www.googleimage.com  TRANSPIRATION Transpiration is the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then gives off water vapor throug h the pores called stomata. Stomata are the small ope ning found on the underside of leaves. Of the transpired water passing through a plant only 1% is used in the growth process of the plant.The remainin g 99% is passed into the atmosphere. Source: www.googlesearch.com. Source : www.googleimage.com  CONDENSATION Condensation is the process whereby water vapor in th e atmosphere is changed into a liquid state. In the atmo sphere condensation may appear as cloud or dew. Condensation is the process whereby water appears o n the side of a cold drink can or bottle. Condensation, in Hydrological Cycle, refers to water bei ng cooled at a high altitude where the temperature is lo w enough for the formation of cloud. Source : www.googlesearch.com Source : www.googleimage.com  PRECIPITATION Precipitation is the result when the tiny condensation partic les grow too large. Water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail. It is the primary connection in the water cycle that provide s for the delivery of atmospheric water to the earth. source : www.whatisrecipitation.com Source : library resource (Encyclopedia of Geography ) Source: www.googleimage.com  INFILTRATION & RUN-OFF INFILTRATION The flow of water from the ground surface into the groun d.Once infiltration, the water becomes soil moisture or g roundwater. RUN- OFF Runoff occurs when there is excessive precipitation and the ground is saturated cannot absorb anymore water. Rivers and lakes are result of runoff. There is some evap oration from runoff into the atmosphere but for the most part water in rivers and lakes return to the ocean. Source : www.googlesearch.com INFILTRATION AND RUN-OFF GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES IN VARIOUS PHASES