Water Resources Grade 12 PDF

Grade 12 WATER RESOURCES Prepared by: Ms. Lyn Irish Cuerdo  Core Topics Lesson 4.1 The Hydrologic Cycle Lesson 4.2 Earth’s Water Lesson 4.3 Water as a Resource COMPETENCIES: Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for human...

Grade 12 WATER RESOURCES Prepared by: Ms. Lyn Irish Cuerdo  Core Topics Lesson 4.1 The Hydrologic Cycle Lesson 4.2 Earth’s Water Lesson 4.3 Water as a Resource COMPETENCIES: Explain how different activities affect the quality and availability of water for human use. (S11ES- lg-16) Suggest ways of conserving and protecting water resources (S11ES-lg-16) FOCUSED VALUES: Appreciate the importance of the hydrologic processes in sustaining life Conserve water resources by being conscious and responsible with the use of water For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  Tullahan River between Marulas, Valenzuela, Estero de Paco, Pasig River and Potrero, Malabon QUESTIONS: 1. How old is the man who wrote the letter and why does he not look his age? _______________________________________________________________ 2. What is the difference between his life in 2070 and when he was 5 years old? _______________________________________________________________ 3. What happened to the rivers, lakes and other water sources as mentioned in the article? _______________________________________________________________ 4. What happens if we do not take care of water resources? _______________________________________________________________ 5. What is the significance of nature’s gifts and what is our role in preserving them? _______________________________________________________________  01 How do humans affect the watershed?  Hydrologic Cycle Is the movement of water around Earth’s surface and its subsystems.  Hydrologic Cycle For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  For more info: You can visit our sister projects: SLIDESGO | SLIDESGO SCHOOL | FAQS FREEPIK | FLATICON | STORYSET | WEPIK | VIDFY  Earth’s Waters Main Idea: The composition, state, as well as uses of water stored in different reservoirs vary.  Residence time Does water molecule spend the average length of time in a reservoir?  Earth’s Waters Residence Time for Specific Reservoir RESERVOIR RESIDENCE TIME Ocean and ice sheets Thousands of years Ground water Tens to hundreds of years Streams and rivers Few weeks Atmosphere Few days Organisms Few hours  Saltwater Reservoir An ocean is a vast body of saline water. It covers 71% of Earth. It is geographically divided into five distinct regions and into numerous seas, gulfs, bays, and straits. Historically there are four recognized oceans. Later, in 2000, the International Hydrographic Organization proposed the SOUTHERN Ocean , since it is the body of water surrounding Antarctica and is connected to the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The total volume of water in the world’s oceans is about 1340 million cubic km.  Saltwater Reservoir The saltiness of saltwater is called SALINITY. Saltwater Reservoir  3 Major Zones in the Ocean The surface layer, which consists of relatively warm, low-density water, extends from the ocean surface to a depth of 100 m. Thermocline, where the temperature of water decreases rapidly with depth. Deep zone where the temperature is uniformly low. 3 Major Zones in the Ocean Thermohaline circulation Freshwater Reservoir Glaciers and Ice sheets ○ A Glacier is a permanent body of ice consisting largely of recrystallized snow. ○ An Ice sheet is a mass of glacial land ice extending more than 50,000 km².  Freshwater Reservoir Permafrost ○ is a soil, rock, or sediment frozen for over two consecutive years.  Surfacewater Reservoir Stream ○ A stream is a moving body of surface water that flows downslope toward sea level because of gravity. It has a clearly defined passageway called channels where particles and dissolved substances are transported.  Surface water Reservoir o Lakes are large inland bodies of fresh or saline water. Its upper surface is exposed to the atmosphere and is essentially flat. Ponds are small and shallow lakes. Dams are barriers constructed along streams to contain the flow of water.  Surface water Reservoir Lakes Oregon lake in Washington Kayangan lake in Coron Palawan Surface water Reservoir o Wetlands are land areas where water covers the surface for significant periods. Wetlands constitute about 8.5 percent of the total land surface and atmospheric water.  Types of Wetlands ❑ Swamp is a wetland with lush trees and vegetation found in low-lying areas beside slow-moving rivers. Ex. Mangrove forests ❑ Marsh is a shallow wetland around lakes, streams, and oceans where grasses and reeds are the dominant vegetation. Ex. Wetland in Candaba, Pampanga Types of Wetlands ❑ Estuary is a partly enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from streams meets the saltwater from the sea. Ex. Pampanga river in Manila Bay. Groundwater Groundwater is a freshwater found in the rock and soil layers beneath the surface. Porosity is the total amount of empty pore spaces in the rock. Permeability is the ability of the rock or sediments to allow water to pass through it. Ground water Profile Aquifers, Artesian Wells, and Springs A reliable groundwater supply can be obtained from aquifers with good porosity and permeability such as coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rocks. Floods A flood is a natural event wherein an area that is usually dry is submerged underwater. Fluvial or riverine flood occurs when a stream’s discharge is greater than the capacity of a channel, causing the stream to overflow. Flashfloods are characterized by intense, high- velocity torrents of water that occur in an existing river channel with little to notice. Coastal flooding occurs when water overwhelms low-lying areas along the coasts, usually due to severe weather conditions. Pluvial or surface water flood occurs when heavy rainfall creates a flood event independent of an overflowing stream.  Water as a Resource Human Activities Affecting Water Resources: 1. Population growth, particularly in water-short regions. 2. Movement of a large number of people from the countryside to towns of cities 3. Demands for greater food security and higher living standards  Water as a Resource Human Activities Affecting Water Resources: 4. Increased competition between different uses of water resources 5. Pollution from factories, cities, and farmlands  Water Resource as Management and Conservation The ever-increasing pressure on water resources calls for effective water resources management. It involves planning, developing, distributing, and managing the optimum use of water resources. Performance Task1: Write a slogan that promotes the conservation of water. Write it on the long bond paper.  6 5 4 3 Creativity The slogan The slogan Slogan The slogan presents presents good presents some does not outstanding ideas and sort of ideas present ideas and effort. and effort. creativity. effort. Originality Excellent use Good use of Average use of Poor ideas and of ideas and ideas and ideas and no originality in originality in originality in originality in crafting the crafting the crafting the crafting the slogan. slogan. slogan. slogan. Grammar There is no There is only There are two There are three grammatical one grammatical or more error. grammatical errors. grammatical error. errors. Performance Task 2. Interview your neighbor regarding the quality and availability of water for human consumption. Make sure you have proof of documentation. The interview guide is provided for you. You may conduct a one-on-one interview and then write your reflection about the activity. Write it on a long bond paper. Interview Guide 1. What is the source of your drinking water? 2. How safe is your drinking water? 3. Is it always available for consumption? 4. How do you ensure enough water supply in your household? 5. What preventive measures? do you employ to keep water safe for human consumption?