Lecture 10 B: Postmodern Architecture (UAEU)

Department of Architectural Engineering HISTORY AND THEORIES OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE Lecture 10 B Postmodernism Metap...

Department of Architectural Engineering HISTORY AND THEORIES OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE Lecture 10 B Postmodernism Metaphorism, Straight Revivalism, Neo–Vernacular | Department of Architectural Engineering | ARCH 366 History and Theories of Contemporary Architecture | 3 Cr H  Department of Architectural Engineering Overview Metaphorism, Straight Revivalism, Neo–Vernacular  Postmodernism Postmodernism different forms of buildings Straight Neo– Historicism Eclecticism Metaphorism Revivalism Vernacular using historical assembling the building form is the revival of borrowing architectural different classical metaphorically Classical elements of vocabularies in architectural inspired by the architectural vernacular building designs styles in one surroundings orders such architecture and building including human as Greek, adding it to the beings, animals, Roman, etc. contemporary plants, etc. architecture. Schools of Postmodern Architecture Metaphorism Metaphorism means that the building form is metaphorically inspired by the surroundings including human beings, animals, plants, etc. Metaphoric examples ExpoDach, Symbolic Construction, Expo2000, Hannover, 1999-2000, Roland Schneider, La Tete au Carre - Nice, France Kazumasa Yamashita Face House, Kyoto, 1974 Elephant Building - Bangkok, Thailand Snail House - Sofia, Bulgaria Piano and Violin-Shaped Building - Huainan, China Porto Stone House - Fafe Mountains, Portugal Robot Building by Sumet Jumsai, 1986 Bangkok, Thailand Kindergarten Wolfartsweier by Tomi Ungerer and Ayla Suzan Yöndel, 2002 Karlsruhe, Germany THE PALM JUMEIRAH DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Master plan of the Palm Island (Source : HHCP) Schools of Postmodern Architecture Straight Revivalism Straight Revivalism means the revival of Classical architectural orders such as Greek, Roman, etc. Post modernists looked into past architecture in order to learn from it. Classical designs such as pillars, arches, and domes used in new, almost humorous ways. It favoured personal preferences and variety over objective truths and principles! Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, USA, 1978, designed by Charles Moore  Piazza d'Italia Both a memorial and a public space, the piazza is a manifestation of Moore's ideas of an "inclusive" architecture, which can speak to and be enjoyed by anyone. Moore's design, however, immediately attracted both fans and detractors, and many saw his architectural populism as pure kitsch. Piazza d'Italia Colonnades, arches and a bell tower are arranged in a curving formation around a fountain. The layers of structures are brightly colored, trimmed in neon and metallic, and ornamented with various classical orders. The paved surface of the plaza is equally embellished and textured. Light and shadows play across the surface of the plaza, and views through the various openings create a complex spatial experience for visitors moving through the colonnades. Uplighting and neon accents animate the space at night. M2 Building by Kengo Kuma, 1991 Tokyo, Japan Schools of Postmodern Architecture Neo –Vernacular Neo –Vernacular means borrowing elements of vernacular architecture and adding it to the contemporary architecture. The neo-vernacular design is generally linked with the local climatic conditions and materials of the region. Hillingdon Civic Center, London, UK, 1979 New Baris Village, Kharga, Egypt by Hassan Fathy Hassan Fathy worked to create an indigenous environment at a minimal cost, and in so doing to improve the economy and the standard of living in rural areas. Fathy utilized ancient design methods and materials. He integrated a knowledge of the rural Egyptian economic situation with a wide knowledge of ancient architectural and town design techniques. He trained local inhabitants to make their own materials and build their own buildings. Climatic conditions, public health considerations, and ancient craft skills also affected his design decisions. Based on the structural massing of ancient buildings, Fathy incorporated dense brick walls and traditional courtyard forms to provide passive cooling. New Baris Village, Kharga, Egypt by Hassan Fathy New Baris Village, Kharga, Egypt by Hassan Fathy  El Gouna Golf Villas, Hurghada, Egypt. 1997, Michael Graves When visiting Egypt in the mid-1990s, Michael Graves and Studio Head Patrick Burke were struck by the seemingly uncontrolled proliferation of generic hotels that could be anywhere in the world, devoid of ties to local culture or context. They were also struck by Egyptian rural vernacular architecture built of local brick and stucco, with vaults and domes and other building forms that could be used to create a distinctive and culturally stimulating hospitality environment. What resulted was a series of projects that all drew on the region's vernacular traditions, including the Miramar Hotel, the Steigenberger Golf Hotel, a golf clubhouse and a series of private golf villas sited on the Red Sea in El Gouna, El Gouna Golf Villas El Gouna Golf Villas El Gouna Golf Villas Sheraton Miramar, Elgouna, Egypt, 1997, Michael Graves Sheraton Miramar Sheraton Miramar Sheraton Miramar Ceramic House - Columbia Great Mosque of Djenne - Mali References Oliver, Paul. "Dwellings: The House Across the World." Phaidon, 2003. Rapoport, Amos. "House Form and Culture." Prentice-Hall, 1969. Asquith, Lindsay, and Marcel Vellinga, eds. "Vernacular architecture in the twenty-first century: Theory, education and practice." Taylor & Francis, 2006. Modernism Vs Postmodernism Groups Discussion  Modernism Vs Postmodernism Modernist architects may regard postmodern buildings Postmodern architects may regard many modern as vulgar buildings as soulless and bland Modernism Vs Postmodernism Flat Roofs Gable Roofs Modernism Vs Postmodernism No colors used Colors come back to the facade Modernism Vs Postmodernism Image:Seagrambuilding.jpg Postmodernist building were a stack of varied Modernist high-rise buildings had become design elements for a single vocabulary from ground level to the top, ("wedding cake" design). monolithic. Modernism Vs Postmodernism Double Coding Single Coding Double coding Charles Jenks posits the concept of ‘double-coding’, that is meanings that could be seen as referring simultaneously to the future and the past Modernism Vs Postmodernism Double coding Charles Jenks posits the concept of ‘double-coding’, that is meanings that could be seen as referring simultaneously to the future and the past Modernism Vs Postmodernism Children museum Caryathids, Parthenon, Athens Modernism Vs Postmodernism CHARACTERISTICS OF POSTMODERNISM Postmodern Architecture rejects the notion of “pure” or “perfect” form, instead it draws from: all methods, materials, forms, & colors available to architects. Moves away from the neutral white colors seen in modernism the return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture Took past components of different styles and melded them together to create new means of design. It is known for the re-emergence of surface ornament, reference to its surrounding buildings, and historical references. revival of traditional elements and techniques. Post modernists looked into past architecture in order to learn from it. Classical designs such as pillars, arches, and domes used in new, almost humorous ways, just to send a message to the modernist people. It favored personal preferences and variety over objective truths and principles! sensitivity to the building’s context, history and the client’s requirements physical characteristics- the use of sculptural forms, ornaments and anthropomorphism conceptual characteristics - pluralism, double coding, high ceilings, irony, paradox & contextualism See this documentary: Michael Graves: Past As Prologue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW_MQ3vIZdA https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/playfully-bold-postmodern-architecture