Applied Building Services Lecture 1 PDF

Applied Building Services Dr. Ahmed Hassan Course Content Fundamentals of HVAC. Review of vapor compression system. Types of AC systems. Air Handling systems Air Duct Design: Duct types. Duct sizing. Equal friction method. Ventilation systems. Firefig...

Applied Building Services Dr. Ahmed Hassan Course Content Fundamentals of HVAC. Review of vapor compression system. Types of AC systems. Air Handling systems Air Duct Design: Duct types. Duct sizing. Equal friction method. Ventilation systems. Firefighting. Types of fire fighting systems. Sprinklers Plumbing systems. Case study. Assessment Component Grade Midterm 25% 2 Assignments (10%) Student Project (25%) 35% Activities Attendance Final Exam 40% Classes Lectures: Every Sunday 8:30 pm through Teams channel (Dr. Ahmed Hassan) [email protected] Tutorials: Eng/ Sally Mechanical systems in buildings Architecture Civil Mechanical Electrical Coordination Mechanical systems in buildings HVAC. Fire Fighting systems. Plumbing systems. Steam/hot water. Smoke management. Stairwell pressurization. Medical gases Mechanical systems in buildings 1. HVAC Heating: Boilers, furnaces, heat pumps, and radiant heating systems. Ventilation: Systems that exchange indoor and outdoor air to maintain air quality, such as exhaust fans and air handlers. Air Conditioning: Ex: Split systems, central AC, VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow), and chilled water systems for cooling. Mechanical systems in buildings 2. Plumbing: Water Supply: Cold and hot water supply lines, water heaters, pumps, and pressure regulators. Drainage: Sanitary drainage for wastewater and stormwater drainage systems for rainwater. Gas Supply: Natural gas piping for cooking, heating, or other building needs Mechanical systems in buildings 3. Fire Protection (Fire fighting): Sprinklers: Automatic fire sprinkler systems activated by heat. Fire Alarms and Detectors: Smoke detectors, heat detectors, and alarms. Standpipes and Hose Systems: Vertical pipes providing water for firefighting purposes. Fire Extinguishers: Portable devices to put out small fires. Pumps: Fire pumps that ensure adequate water pressure for fire protection systems. Mechanical systems in buildings 4. Electrical Systems: Power Distribution: Electrical wiring, transformers, and switchgear that deliver electricity throughout the building. Lighting: Interior and exterior lighting systems, including emergency lighting. Backup Power: Generators and UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) systems for power continuity Types of buildings Types of buildings Types of buildings Types of buildings ‫‪Egyptian codes‬‬ ‫ الكود المصري هو مجموعة االشتراطات والمواصفات القياسيه ومعايير القبول التى تخص‬ ‫اعمال تصميم وتنفيذ المنشآت والتى يتم اصدارها من خالل‪:‬‬ ‫ المركز القومي لبحوث االسكان والبناء‪.‬‬ ‫ الهيئة المصرية العامة للمواصفات والجودة‪.‬‬ ‫ وزارة االسكان والمرافق والمجتمعات العمرانية‪.‬‬ Units in HVAC Units in HVAC  HVAC Thermal comfort standards The most acceptable definition, from the subject point of view, is given by the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) which states : human comfort is that conditions of mind, which expressed satisfaction with the thermal environment. Humans generally feel comfortable between temperatures of 22 °C to 27 °C and a relative humidity of 40% to 60%. Basic HVAC systems: Tasks and components Vapor compression cycle A system based on vapor compression cools down a fluid (refrigerant – air – water) to lower the temperature of a building by transferring heat from inside to outside spending the compressor work.  Types of air conditioning systems Direct Expansion Systems (DX) Packaged Air conditioners Window AC Condensing units. Split AC (many types of indoor units) Chilled water systems: ▪ Hi Wall - Floor mounted - Ceiling suspended – ▪ Air cooled. free stand – cassette – ceiling concealed. ▪ Water cooled. VRV - VRF Types of air conditioning systems Window AC Zone equipped with window AC Types of air conditioning systems Window AC Types of air conditioning systems Window AC Types of air conditioning systems Packaged terminal AC Types of air conditioning systems Split AC Zone equipped with split AC Types of air conditioning systems Split AC Types of air conditioning systems Split AC with conventional indoor unit Types of air conditioning systems Split AC with Cassette indoor unit Types of air conditioning systems Split AC with ceiling concealed unit Types of air conditioning systems Split AC with floor standing unit Types of air conditioning systems Package DX unit: Types of air conditioning systems Package unit: Types of air conditioning systems Direct Expansion System (DX): Types of air conditioning systems Variable Refrigerant Flow VRF / Variable Refrigerant Volume VRV Types of air conditioning systems Variable Refrigerant Flow VRF / Variable Refrigerant Volume VRV Types of air conditioning systems - Chilled water systems: Air cooled chilled water systems: Types of air conditioning systems - Chilled water systems: Air cooled chilled water systems: Types of air conditioning systems Water cooled chilled water systems: Types of air conditioning systems Water cooled chilled water systems: Types of air conditioning systems Air cooled chillers Water cooled chillers Use ambient air to remove heat from the refrigerant. Use water as the medium to absorb and remove heat from the refrigerant Equipped with fans to blow air over the condenser coils. More complex system, involving water pumps, piping, and water treatment No need for a cooling tower or water supply Require a cooling tower to cool the water, which is then recirculated to the chiller Commonly used in small to medium-sized buildings, Typically used in large-scale buildings such as high-rise commercial spaces, or facilities with limited space. offices, hospitals, hotels, and industrial facilities. Thank you