Introduction to Sports Injuries Lecture PDF

Introduction to Sports Injuries BY : AHMED RAZA SHAHID What is a sports injury? A sports injury can be defined as an injury that occurs during participation in sporting activities or exercise, practice or game affecting athletes of all ages and all levels of performance. Results in restriction...

Introduction to Sports Injuries BY : AHMED RAZA SHAHID What is a sports injury? A sports injury can be defined as an injury that occurs during participation in sporting activities or exercise, practice or game affecting athletes of all ages and all levels of performance. Results in restriction of the athlete’s participation or performance for one or more days. Requires medical attention by a therapist or physician Sports Injuries “Sports injuries result from acute trauma or repetitive stress associated with athletic activities. Sports injuries can affect bones or soft tissue (ligaments, muscles, tendons).” Mechanism of Injury MOI What happened, how was the athlete injured, main cause Provide clues as to acute or chronic Mechanism of injury Mechanism of injury can be defined as an exchange of forces that results in an injury to a person  It more accurately describes both the force and subsequent tissue response The actual injury occurs when the force deforms the tissue beyond their respective abilities to compensate, absorb or diffuse the energy. Importance of MOI Details how injury occurred Determines when it occurred Determines levels of severity Leads to differential diagnosis Guides treatment plans SIGNS of injuries SHARP Swelling Heat Altered function Red Painful Diagnosis Diagnosis is the key to success. We must differentiate injuries such as ‘knee sprain’, ‘muscle strain’’, muscle rupture’ or ‘intra- muscular haematoma’. In some cases, the diagnosis is obvious from the person’s history, symptoms, signs and clinical tests; in others an X-ray, or MRI scan may needed. Diagnosis  Before carry out detailed specific tests, evaluate posture and gait, look for signs of pain or discomfort. Ask if the athlete has taken painkillers, which may hind findings Asking the injured athlete to describe what happened and their symptoms : can you please demonstrate and describe, in your own way, what happened? Let the injured athlete demonstrate the movements that cause the problem. Most Common Sports Injuries Groin Sprains Rotator Cuff tendinopathy Shin Splints Tennis Elbow Neck Strains Ankle Sprain Lower Back Injury Runner’s Knee Pulled Muscles Achilles Tendinopathy Fractured bones Knee Ligament rupture Most Common Sports Injuries Most Common Causes of Injury Failure to Warm UP Poor Exercise Over training Technique Reoccurring injury Excessive loading on the body Genetic Factors Not taking safety precautions An Accident Muscle weakness or imbalance Inappropriate equipment Lack of flexibility Joint laxity