Organic Chemistry Lecture 4 PDF

2 Basic Principle of Organic CHEMISTRY Lecture 4 Give the IUPAC name for each of the following compounds. Give the IUPAC name for each of the following compounds.  Hydrocarbons 5 (Acyclic)Open Chain...

2 Basic Principle of Organic CHEMISTRY Lecture 4 Give the IUPAC name for each of the following compounds. Give the IUPAC name for each of the following compounds.  Hydrocarbons 5 (Acyclic)Open Chain (Cyclic) Closed Chain Alkanes CnH2n+2 Substituted Saturated cyclic Unsaturated cyclic Alkenes Alkynes hydrocarbon CnH2n CnH2n-2 C-OH C-CHO C-CO-C C-O-C C-NH2 C-COOH  Aromatic Compounds Aromaticity of organic compounds  Benzene (C6H6) 12 Nomenclature of benzene derivatives: Group + benzene A. for mono-substituted benzene derivatives common name  B. for Di-substituted benzene derivatives 13 If the two groups on the benzene ring are different, alphabetize the names of the substituents preceding the word benzene.  If one substituent is part of a common root, name the 14 molecule as a derivative of that monosubstituted benzene. 15 Another method 16 B. for Tri-substituted benzene derivatives 17 1.Number to give the lowest possible numbers around the ring. 2.Alphabetize the substituent names. 3.When substituents are part of common roots, name the molecule as a derivative of that mono-substituted benzene. The substituent that comprises the common root is located at C1 18   Preparation of Benzene 1-From Acytelene 2-From Alkane (dehydrocyclization) Cr2O3 CH3(CH2)4CH3 n-Hexane COOH 3-From Benzoic Acid NaOH / Fusion - CO2 4-From Phenol OH Zn Distillation   Reaction of Benzene 20 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution  1- Nitration 21 Prepare aniline 2- Sulphonation Prepare phenol 3-Halogenation