Lec 2 - Taxonomy of Medicinal Plants 2020-2021 PDF

Lec 2 Taxonomy of the medicinal plants Lecturer Dr. Thukaa Zuhair 2020-2021 1 2 Plant taxonomy has (2) aims : 1- To identify all kinds of plants. This aim requires us to make a complete inventory of all the plants on the face of the earth. 2- To arrange the kinds of plants into a scheme of classific...

Lec 2 Taxonomy of the medicinal plants Lecturer Dr. Thukaa Zuhair 2020-2021 1 2 Plant taxonomy has (2) aims : 1- To identify all kinds of plants. This aim requires us to make a complete inventory of all the plants on the face of the earth. 2- To arrange the kinds of plants into a scheme of classification that will show their true relation. 3 Common taxonomic of the medicinal plants: All plants are placed in the kingdom of Plantae (planate). Kingdom: Plantae. The plant kingdom is divided into two taxa called division. Division1: lower plants. Division2: higher plants. 4 Lower plants (nonvascular plants) ex: fungi Higher plants (vascular plants: plants with vascular system of xylem) Division 2 i.e. higher or vascular plants are divided into two subgroups called subdivisions: Subdivision 1: seedless ex: orchid plant. Subdivision 2: seeds (seed plants). 5 Subdivision 2 i.e. seed plants are divided into two taxa called phylum. Phylum 1: Angiosperma ‫مغطاة البذور‬ Phylum 2: Gymnosperma ‫معراة البذور‬ Angiosperma (produce seeds through flowering) Gymnosperma (do not produce flower) 6 In angiosperma: plants are divided into two taxa called order. Order 1: monocotyledoneae ‫ذوات الفلقة الواحدة‬ Order 2: dicotyledoneae ‫ذوات الفلقتين‬ In gymnosperma also the plants are divided into two taxa called order: Order 1: Conifers ‫مخروطيات‬ Order 2: Gnetales 7 In all these orders, the plants are divided into many families, then the family is divided into many genus, then the genus is divided into many species, then the species is divided into many varieties. 8 Kingdom Division Subdivision Planate Division1 (higher plants) Subdivision 1 Seedless plants Division 2 (lower plants) Subdivision 2 Seed plants 9 Subdivision 2 Subdivision 2 Phylum Order Phylum 1 Phylum 2 (Angiosperma) (Gymnosperma) ‫مغطاة البذور‬ ‫معراة البذور‬ Order 1 Order 2 Order 1 Monocotyl edoneae ‫ذوات الفلقة‬ ‫الواحدة‬ Dicotyledo neae ‫ذوات الفلقتين‬ Conifers ‫مخروطيات‬ Order 2 Gnetales 10 Order Family Genus Species Varieties 11 Example of Angiosperma Kingdom: Plantae (planate). Kingdom: Plantae (planate). Division: Higher plants. Subdivision: Seed plants. Subdivision: Seed plants. Phylum: Angiosperma. Phylum: Angiosperma. Order: Dicotyledoneae. Order: Monocotyledoneae. Family: Scrophularaceae. Family: Liliaceae. Genus: Digitalis. Genus: Aloe Species: lanata or purpurea. Species: vera. Digitatis purpurea & Digitalis lanata Division: Higher plants Aloe vera 12 Example of Gymnosperma Kimgdom: Plantae (planate). Kingdom: Plantae (planate). Division: Higher plants. Division: Higher plants. Subdivision: Seed plants. Subdivision: Seed plants. Phylum: Gymnosperma. Phylum: Gymnosperma. Order: Conifers. Order: Gnetales. Family: Pinaceae. Family: Ephederaceae. Genus: Pinus. Genus: Ephedra. Species: pinaster Species: sinica. Pinus pinaster Ephedra sinica 13 14