Communication Skills in English PDF

**Extemporaneous speech:** A well-prepared speech that relies on research, clear organization, and practiced delivery, but is neither read nor memorized. It means "without planning." An **Impromptu speech** is unrehearsed and is delivered on the spot. Extemporaneous speeches are delivered with prep...

**Extemporaneous speech:** A well-prepared speech that relies on research, clear organization, and practiced delivery, but is neither read nor memorized. It means "without planning." An **Impromptu speech** is unrehearsed and is delivered on the spot. Extemporaneous speeches are delivered with prepared notes and can have preparation time from a few minutes to half-an-hour. Neither the Impromptu nor the Extemporaneous speeches are memorized. **Impromptu speaking topics** For an impromptu speech, you'll generally have 1-3 minutes of preparation for a speech lasting 5-8 minutes. Tougher speech events can reduce this preparation time down to 30 seconds and require you to plan your speech mentally, without any paper to write notes on. Your goal is to either inform or [persuade your audience](https://virtualspeech.com/blog/persuasive-speech-outline-structure-delivery) so choose a topic that suits these criteria Topics for Discussion --------------------- - My biggest concern for the future is... - Parents are the most influential factors in our lives - Who has been the most influential person in your life and why? - Going to university/college is not necessary anymore - It is better to be influential than rich Language A language is a system of **symbols** (words and vocabulary) structured by **grammar** (rules and standards) and **syntax** (patterns in the arrangement of words) common to a community of people. Words are symbols that represent something else. Words are symbols that trigger thoughts, concepts, or feelings. For example, what comes to mind when you see of hear the word *freedom*, *terrorist*, or *racism*? Symbol sharing through language isn't just a simple process of uttering a word and having its meaning clearly understood by another. People create meanings for language on two levels: **denotative** and **connotative**. The **denotative meaning** of a word **conveys CONTEXT**. Denotative is the literal meaning of a word. For example, an apartment is "a room or suite of rooms used as a residence." The definition is literal. The **connotative meaning** of a word **coveys** **FEELINGS**; people create personal and subjective meanings of words; its interpretation is individually based. To you, the word apartment might mean a comfortable place to relax at the end of the day or a setting to entertain friends. To others, an apartment might mean feelings of guilt or dread because of that word. **Concrete meanings** of language **refer to experience**; if you can see it, touch it, smell it, taste it, or hear it, it's concrete. It's tangible. For example, "It's 45 degrees outside." **Abstract meanings** are more difficult to understand. Abstract words cannot be perceived or experienced with one of the senses. Can you taste, hear, or smell: *Democracy, Patriotism, Justice, Truth...*