Landscape of Memory Presentation PDF

The Landscape of Memory Mental Images, Maps and Propositions Prepared by: Ms. Zyrene Umandap, MPSy ICE BREAKER HOW DO BLIND PEOPLE FORM A PICTURE BASED ON WORDS? 2 HOW DO BLIND PEOPLE FORM A PICTURE BASED ON WORDS? 3  MENTAL REPRESEN...

The Landscape of Memory Mental Images, Maps and Propositions Prepared by: Ms. Zyrene Umandap, MPSy ICE BREAKER HOW DO BLIND PEOPLE FORM A PICTURE BASED ON WORDS? 2 HOW DO BLIND PEOPLE FORM A PICTURE BASED ON WORDS? 3  MENTAL REPRESENTATION something that stands of what you know about a certain thing.  KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION is the form of what you know in your mind.  Mental Representation of Knowledge Declarative knowledge Procedural knowledge ▪ stated facts such as the name ▪ “procedure” memory of of the person you hate, the processes, or how the action is date you got dumped, or the done. way a monster looks. 6 COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE: PICTURES VERSUS WORDS How do external representations in Words differ from representations in Pictures? “Some ideas are better and more easily represented in pictures, whereas others are better represented in words.” Pictures: “What is the shape of a thermometer?” EXTERNAL REPRESENTATIONS - concrete objects seem easier to represent in pictures, and abstract concepts in words. 9 Words: “What is corruption?” EXTERNAL REPRESENTATIONS is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense which is undertaken by a person or an organization which is entrusted in a - concrete objects seem position of authority, in order to acquire easier to represent in illicit benefits or abuse power for one’s personal gain, typically involving bribery. pictures, and abstract concepts in words. 10  SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION the relationship between the word and what it represents is arbitrary. Speaking impact Your ability to communicate effectively will leave a lasting impact on your audience Effectively communicating involves not only delivering a message but also resonating with the experiences, values, and emotions of those listening Presentation title 12 Speaking impact Your ability to communicate effectively will leave a lasting impact on your audience Effectively communicating involves not only delivering a message but also resonating with the experiences, values, and emotions of those listening Presentation title 13  IMAGERY ▪ A mental representation of things that are not currently seen or sensed by the sense organs INTERNAL (Moulton & Kosslyn, 2009; REPRESENTATIONS Thomas, 2003). ▪ According to Kosslyn, in solving problems and answering questions, humans visualize the objects; in doing so, we mentally represent the images. 14  IMAGERY ▪ Used for patients with brain damage, training themselves to complete complex tasks. APPLICATION OF Wherein, imagine the details of MENTAL IMAGERY the tasks in the correct order so as to remember all the details involved. 15  IMAGERY ▪ All images of everything we ever sense may be stored as an TO WHAT EXTENT “exact copies” of physical DO WE REPRESENT images. But realistically, the IMAGES IN OUR capacity of the brain to store MINDS? every observed physical image is impossible and inadequate to such a task. 16  EXERCISE: A RECALL INSTRUCTIONS: Let’s test your memory! I will provide a description and you will you will recall the topics we have discussed. 17  EXERCISE: A RECALL Refers to knowledge of “procedures” that can be implemented. P_______A_K_O_____E 18  EXERCISE: A RECALL Refers to knowledge of “procedures” that can be implemented. PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE 19  EXERCISE: A RECALL The relationship between the word and what it represents is arbitrary.. a) Experimental work b) Procedural knowledge c) Cognition representation d) Symbolic representation 20  EXERCISE: A RECALL The relationship between the word and what it represents is arbitrary.. a) Experimental work b) Procedural knowledge c) Cognition representation d) Symbolic representation 21  EXERCISE: A RECALL It is a mental representation of things that are not currently seen or sensed by the sense of organs (Moulton & Kosslyn, 2009; Thomas, 2003). a) Abstract b)Imagery c) Perception d)Conceptualization 22  EXERCISE: A RECALL It is a mental representation of things that are not currently seen or sensed by the sense of organs (Moulton & Kosslyn, 2009; Thomas, 2003). a) Abstract b)Imagery c) Perception d)Conceptualization 23  EXERCISE: A RECALL The form of what you know in your mind. a) Images b) Words c) Knowledge representation d) Numbers e) Sounds 24  EXERCISE: A RECALL The form of what you know in your mind. a) Images b) Words c) Knowledge representation d) Numbers 25  DUAL-CODE THEORY: IMAGES AND SYMBOLS - We use both pictorial and verbal codes for representing information (Paivio, 1969, 1971) in our minds. 26  Three Types of Processing in Dual Coding Theory 1) Representational- the direct activation of verbal or non-verbal representations. 2) Referential- the activation of the verbal system by the nonverbal system or vice-versa. 3) Associative Processing- the activation of representations within the same verbal or nonverbal system. A given task may require any or all of the three kinds of processing. Presentation title 27 Presentation title 28  Pavio’s Two Different Types of Representational Units: "imagens" for mental images "logogens" for verbal entities Which he describes as being similar to "chunks" as described by Miller. Presentation title 29  Storing Knowledge as Abstract Concepts: Propositional Theory Propositional story: Do not store in form of images. Instead have a "generic" code that is called "propositional“ Stores the meaning of the concept. Create a verbal or visual code by transforming the propositional code. Presentation title 30 Presentation title 31  Mental Rotations Involves rotationally transforming an object’s visual mental image (Takano & Okubo, 2003; Zacks, 2008). 32 Mental Rotations Presentation title 33 Mental Rotations 34 Presentation title 35 Thank you!