Literary Genres Of 21st Century Literature PDF

 Literature is a broad term used to refer to written works, such as books, magazines, short stories, plays, and poems. Literature can provide insight into the human experience and can be used as a way to explore ideas, express emotions, and tell stories.  It has been a powerful tool fo...

 Literature is a broad term used to refer to written works, such as books, magazines, short stories, plays, and poems. Literature can provide insight into the human experience and can be used as a way to explore ideas, express emotions, and tell stories.  It has been a powerful tool for expressing and exploring our humanity. When discussing literature, one can talk about the author's style, the themes explored in the work, the characters and their motivations, and the historical context in which the work was written. Literature helps Literature Literature to develop teaches us provides a form language and about history of escapism. communication and culture. skills. Literature can Literature Literature helps inspire and encourages to build motivate. empathy. connections.  Prose can be defined as written work consist of sentences, paragraphs, and chapters that do not have rhyme or stanza as poetry (Ogu, 2016; University, 2004)  Derived from the Latin expression; prosa oratio, which means ‘direct speech’.  is based on the author’s is based on facts and imagination real life (truthfulness) appeals to human appeals to the human emotion and aims to intellect and aims to entertain educate  A novel is a work of long prose fiction, which is usually centered around characters, events and settings. Novels usually have multiple chapters, with a larger plot and focus on character development.  Noli Me Tangere by Dr. Jose P. Rizal Banaag at Sikat by Lope K. Santos Ninay by Pedro Paterno Harry Potter Series by J.K. Rowling  A novella is a work of narrative fiction, longer than a short story but shorter than a novel. Generally, novellas are between 20,000 and 40,000 words in length.  The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway  A short story is a work of fiction that is usually shorter in length than a novel. Short stories often have less developed characters and settings than longer works, but can still explore complex themes.  Ang Kalupi by Benjamin Pascual The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez  A fable is a short story, typically with animals as characters, that teaches a moral lesson. Fables often have an element of humor and are an enduring form of folk literature.  Aesop’s Fables (most famous fable writer of all time) The Ant and the Grasshopper The Fox and the Grapes The Wolf and the Crane  A legend is a traditional story that has been passed down through generations and is typically based on historical events about people, places, and events of ancient times.  King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Robin Hood  A myth is a traditional story that is rooted in folk beliefs or religions. It usually talks about gods and divine beings.  Si Malakas at Si Maganda Pandora’s Box Noah’s Ark  A parable is a short story or brief tale that is used to illustrate a moral lesson or religious principle. It typically features characters and events that are symbolic of larger truths or ideas.  Good Samaritan Prodigal Son The Emperor’s New Clothes  An anecdote is a brief, often amusing story about a real incident or person. “A story with a point,” ocassionally humorous.  An autobiography is the story of someone's life written or otherwise told by that person. It talks about his/her entire life.  A biography is a detailed description or account of a person's life. It includes facts and information about the person's childhood, education, family, work, and death.  A diary is a personal record of experiences, thoughts, and/or reflections kept regularly and often privately. It can be a physical book or an electronic document.  An essay is a short piece of writing that focuses on a particular topic or argument. Essays are used to express ideas, explain a point, or discuss a topic in a structured and organized way.  A memoir is a narrative, written from the perspective of the author, about an important part of their life.  A news is a piece of information about a current event or situation. It may be reported in a variety of media, including newspapers, television, radio, and the Internet.  Poetry is a literary works that consists of lines, stanzas or verses, and metaphors (Piscayanti, 2015). It is often used to convey complex emotions and ideas in an accessible and creative way.  Derived from the Greek word “poiesis”, which means ‘making’.  tells a story through its highly musical verse that verse conveys powerful it usually follows a plot emotions and feelings with characters, a it often includes rhyme setting, and a climax and meter and can be sung as a song  A ballad is a type of song that tells a story and often has a repeated chorus or refrain. Ballads typically have a slow, rhythmic structure and use simple and emotional language.  Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe A Red, Red Rose by Robert Burns The Ballad of Father Gilligan by William Butler Yeats  An epic is a long narrative poem that celebrates the deeds of a legendary hero. It features a hero who represents the values of a particular society, and who goes on an epic journey or quest.  Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilokano Epic) The Epic of Gilgamesh The Illiad and Odyssey by Homer Beowulf  An elegy is a lyric poem that is written to mourn the passing of someone or something.  O Captain! My Captain! by Walt Whitman Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray Lycidas by John Milton  An ode is a formal lyrical structured poem praising or glorifying someone or something intellectually or emotionally.  The Ode by Horace Olympian Ode 1 by Pindar Ode on Imitations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood by William Wordsworth  A sonnet is a fixed verse lyric poem that has 14 lines. The English sonnet has 3 quatrains and 1 couplet. The subject is about love, mostly use metaphors. Literally means a “little song”  Shakespearean rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, efef, gg. Petrarchan rhyme scheme: abba abba, cde cde. Spenserian rhyme scheme: abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee.  Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare How Do I Love Thee? by Elizabeth Barrett Browning Acquainted With The Night by Robert Frost  Drama or a play is a show of a story performed by the characters usually on a stage in the theater (Ogu, 2016).  Comedies are usually humorous plays. It aims to make the audience laugh and its purpose is to amuse and entertain. It typically involves misunderstandings that lead to funny situations.  Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare Lysistrata by Aristophanes  A form of drama that uses absurd forms of comedy, also known as dark humour. Its humour depends more on the character's physical appearance and silly jokes rather than the storyline.  The Play That Goes Wrong by Henry Lewis The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare  A subgenre of drama that involves exaggerated situations in which the characters face dramatic conflicts that appeal to the emotions of the audience.  Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket  In tragedy, the protagonist or hero is brought down by his/her flaws. Murders, pain, deaths, and insanity are among the most common ideas in tragedies.  Oedipus Rex by Sophocles Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare They can inspire us to take stands, to take action, and to think differently. In short, they are essential to our individual growth and to the health of our society.