Lidocaine PDF - Drug Information
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Mesa Community College
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Summary
This document provides information on the drug lidocaine. It details the mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, adverse reactions, routes of administration, and dosage for both adults and children. It also includes special considerations for specific patient populations.
Full Transcript
GENERIC NAME lidocaine TRADE, BRAND, OR PROPRIETARY NAME • Xylocaine® CLASS • Antidysrhythmic STANDARD SUPPLIES • Prefilled syringe • Premix bag MECHANISMS OF ACTION • Suppresses ventricular ectopic activity • Increases the threshold of ventricular fibrillation INDICATIONS • Ventricular fibrillati...
GENERIC NAME lidocaine TRADE, BRAND, OR PROPRIETARY NAME • Xylocaine® CLASS • Antidysrhythmic STANDARD SUPPLIES • Prefilled syringe • Premix bag MECHANISMS OF ACTION • Suppresses ventricular ectopic activity • Increases the threshold of ventricular fibrillation INDICATIONS • Ventricular fibrillation • Ventricular tachycardia • Ventricular dysrhythmias o Frequent premature ventricular complexes and couplets o Monomorphic wide-complex tachycardia CONTRAINDICATIONS • Known hypersensitivity to the drug • Premature ventricular complexes in conjunction with bradycardia • Second-degree and third-degree heart block ADVERSE REACTIONS/SIDE EFFECTS • Drowsiness • Confusion • Anxiety • Dizziness ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION • IV • IO • ET • Infusion ONSET OF ACTION • 1 to 5 minutes LIDOCAINE 1 ADULT DOSAGES • VF and pulseless VT: 1.0 to 1.5 mg/kg • May repeat the dosage 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg every 3 to 5 minutes during resuscitation • Maximum dosage 3.0 mg/kg • Ventricular dysrhythmias with a pulse: 1.0 to 1.5 mg/kg • May repeat the dosage 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg in 5 to 10 minutes • Maximum dosage 3.0 mg/kg • Maintenance infusion: 2.0 to 4.0 mg/minute • ET: 2.0 to 2.5 times the bolus dosage diluted in 10 mL normal saline PEDIATRIC DOSAGES • VF and pulseless VT: 1.0 mg/kg • May repeat the dosage 1.0 mg/kg one time in 3 to 5 minutes during resuscitation • Ventricular dysrhythmias with a pulse: 1.0 mg/kg • May repeat the dosage in 5 to 10 minutes • Maximum dosage 3.0 mg/kg • Maintenance infusion: 20 to 50 mcg/kg/minute • ET: 2.0 to 2.5 times the bolus dosage diluted in 3.0 to 5.0 mL normal saline SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS • Consider decreased dosages for elderly patients and patients with liver disease due to their slower metabolic function • The peak effect of the drug is 5 to 10 minutes • The duration of the drug is 10 to 20 minutes • An infusion pump should be used to administer the drug when possible LIDOCAINE 2
