Modified Executive Branch Study Guide F24 PDF

Unit 4 Study Guide: The Executive & Judicial Branch Directions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. These questions will help you greatly on the test but all notes and files should be reviewed before taking the test. 1. Explain how...

Unit 4 Study Guide: The Executive & Judicial Branch Directions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. These questions will help you greatly on the test but all notes and files should be reviewed before taking the test. 1. Explain how the Electoral College works in US presidential elections(paragraph). Electoral voter for a state are based on the # of members each state has in Congress, you vote for a rep and hope they vote for who they say they will 2. Explain the line of succession rules if something were to happen to the president. the order of individuals who become president if the current President dies, resigns, or is removed from office 3. Explain the purpose of the president’s cabinet. to advise the president on any subject he or she may require 4. What are executive orders? How can an executive order be undone? a presidential directive that has the power of law and can be undone in the next presidents term 5. Explain the War Powers Act. How did this try to check the President’s power to start a war? A federal law intended to check the US presidents power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without consent o the congress 6. What is Impeachment? Explain the impeachment process at the federal level. Bringing charges against a government official for wrongdoing, 7. What are the term limits on the Presidency? Why? They can serve two, four year terms bc of the 22 amendment 8. The Vice President is second in charge of the executive branch but also presides over what legislative body? What is their role in the legislative capacity? president of the Senate but doesn't have a vote 9. The President has the power to appoint many jobs in the executive branch but must have the approval of which branch of the government? Why? The Senate: bc of the Appointments Clause of the constitution 10. Why are Federal Judges appointed by the President for life? insulates them from the temporary passions of the public and allows them to apply the law with only justice in mind 11. Explain the purpose of the State of the Union Address. a communication from the president to Congress in which the chief executive reports on the current condition of the US 12. Define the term Bureaucracy. How many people work for the Executive Branch? the administrative system govering any large insitution whether publicly owned or privately. over 4 million 13. What is a “Swing” state? Why do presidential candidates focus their visits and campaign to these states? Why is Arizona now considered a swing state? A swing state is a state where the two major polities have similar levels of support among voters. a presidential forcus on swing states bc winning a couple could make or brake their win 14. Know the roles of the President and be ready to provide which role is being demonstrated with presidential actions. a. Chief of State: ceremonial head: first pitch and pictures b. Chief Executive: constitutional responsibility: uphold the constition c. Chief Administrator: manages about 4 million employees in the executive branch d. Chief Diplomat: spokesperson for the nation  e. Commander in Chief: head of the military f. Chief Legislator: lawmaking ability: veto, state of union address g. Party Chief: help the party: to win elections h. Chief Citizen: represent peoples interest: common man 15. Describe what majority, concurrent and dissenting opinions are and why the Supreme Court writes them. concurrences explain the appellate judges vote and may discuss parts of the decision in which the appellate judge had a different rationale 16. How is it possible for a Supreme Court decision to be reversed? by the rarely used procedure of constitutional amendment or by a new ruling of the court 17. What significance did Marbury v. Madison have on the Judicial Branch? created the doctrine of judicial review and set up the supreme court of the United States as chief interpreter of the constitution 18. Which Article of the Constitution established the Judicial Branch? Article III 19. Define/Describe: a. Judicial Review review by the US supreme court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act b. Dual court system comprises two court systems operating independently c. jurisdiction the official power to make legal decisions and judgments d. appellate concerned with or dealing with applications for decisions to be reversed e. due process fair treatment through the normal judicial system especially as a citizen's entitlement 20. Distinguish between initiative, referendum and recall procedures for Arizona init: citizens can propose a law or constitutional amendment by gathering signatures ref: legislature proposes law for people to vote on recall: govt. officials and judges can be removed from office 21. How does the initiative, referendum and recall engage political responsibility? people bring their will to bear directly on he legislative process and the machinery of government 22. In what ways does our state government copy the structures of our federal government? Consist of three branches and uphold a "Republican form" of government 23. What is the difference between a civil and a criminal case? civil case usually involve disputes between people or organizations while criminal cases allege a violation of a criminal law 24. Explain the power of the pardon, and why a president would use it. an executive may pardon and thus relieve a wrongdoer from the punishment the public exacts for the wrong, but neither executive nor legislature can pardon a private wrong, or relieve the wrongdoer from civil liability to the individual he has wronged 25. How can a presidential candidate win the popular vote, yet lose a presidential election? A president is not elected by the popular vote but by the electoral college. 26. Give an example of a real executive order by any of the 46 presidents in U.S. History. Biden: #18, series # 14002, economic relief related to the COVID-19 pandemic 27. How many legislative districts does AZ have? 30 districts each having 2 reps 28. Explain how many representatives and senators each Arizona legislative district has. 30 members in the Senate and 60 members in the house of representaives