Joint Lecture PDF

Joint lecture  Definition Is the meeting of 2 or more bones of the skeleton Not all joints permit movements Classification According to the type of the material that binds the forming bones joints are classified into: Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial ...

Joint lecture  Definition Is the meeting of 2 or more bones of the skeleton Not all joints permit movements Classification According to the type of the material that binds the forming bones joints are classified into: Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial  Fibrous The opposed bony surfaces are connected by fibrous tissue. Sutural Syndysmosis Gomphosis  Sutural The opposed bony edges are connected by sutural ligament. Example: sutures between skull bone  Syndysmosis The opposed bony edges are connected by an interosseous ligament. example: Interosseous radio-ulnar and tibio-fibular joints Inferior tibiofibular joint  Gomphosis The articulation between root of tooth and bony socket are connected by fibrous ligament.  Cartilaginous The articulating bones are connected together by cartilage. 1ry Cartilaginous 2ry Cartilaginous epiphyseal plate  Primary Secondary Example: Epiphyseal plate Intervertebral Joints Symphysis Pubis Temporary Joint Permanent Hyaline Cartilage binds the Fibrocartilage bones. No Movement allowed Little degree of Movement  Synovial joint - Articular surfaces are lined with hyaline cartilage - Joint has fibrous capsule Fibrous capsule - Capsule is lined with synovial membrane - Joint cavity contains synovial Synovial membrane fluid Hyalin cartilage - Joint is supported by ligament - Joint may contain fibrocartilage plates (intra articular discs) Synovial fluid  Classification of joints according to the number of articulating bones 1 Simple 2 compound 3 complex More than two bone Only two bone take take part in the formation Contain intracapsular part in the formation of of joint articular dis or mensci joint example: elbow joint example: knee joint Example :shoulder joint  Classification of joints according to the shape of articulating bones 1 Plane :opposed articular surface are flat. Example: intercarpal and intertarsal joint 2 Hinge: articular surface resemble hinge of the door Example: elbow joint 3 Pivot: articulating surface central bony part surround by a ring which is partly bone and partly ligament Example: superior radioulnarjoint 4 Ellipsoid: concave elliptical surface articulate with convex elliptical surface example: wrist joint 5 condylar (Bi-condylar): 2 rounded convex articular surface articulate with 2 concave articular surface. Example knee joint. 6 Saddle: opposed articular surfaces are each concavo-convex Example: carpometacarpal of thumb 7 Ball & socket joint : articulating surface consist of A rounded convex surface (ball) Cup shape concavity (socket) Example: hip and shoulder Classification of joints according to the number of movement axes Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial polyaxial plane Hinge Condyloid Ball and socket Pivot Ellpisoid Saddle Classification of joints according to the number of movement axes Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial polyaxial plane Example: Hinge Condyloid Ball and socket intercarpal and Example: Elbow Example: knee intertarsal joints joint joint Example : hip And shoulder joints Pivot Ellpisoid Example: atlanto- Example: wrist axial joint. joint Superior radioulnar joint Saddle Example: carpometacarpal joint of thumb  Enumerate types of synovial joint. Enumerate criteria of synovial joint. Compare between 1ry and 2ry cartilaginous joint Enumerate types of fibrous joint Enumerate uniaxial joints.  Which one of the following joint is consider ball and socket synovial joint? A- elbow joint B- inferior tibiofibular joint. C- wrist joint. D- hip joint. Which one of the following joint is consider uniaxial joint? A- 1st carpometacarpal joint B- superior radioulnar joint. C- wrist joint. D- hip joint.  Which one of the following joint is consider ellipsoid synovial joint? A- elbow joint B- inferior tibiofibular joint. C- wrist joint. D- hip joint. Which one of the following joint is consider fibrous joint? A- elbow joint B- sutural joint. C- knee joint. D- shoulder joint.  According to the shape of articulating surfaces of synovial joint match from the left column appropriate answer from right column. 1- plane joint a- consist of a rounded convex surface (ball) Cup shape concavity (socket) 2- saddle joint b-concave elliptical surface articulate with convex elliptical surface 3- pivot joint c- has central bony part surround by a ring 4- ellipsoid joint d- opposed articular surface are flat e- opposed articular surfaces are each concavo-convex 1-(----------) 2-(-----------) 3-(----------) 4-(---------) Thank you