ITEC1420_Chapter 1.pptx

MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2012/R2, Exam 70-410 Chapter 1 Introducing Windows Server 2012/R2  Objectives Explain the function of a server operating system in a network Describe the editions of Windows Server...

MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2012/R2, Exam 70-410 Chapter 1 Introducing Windows Server 2012/R2  Objectives Explain the function of a server operating system in a network Describe the editions of Windows Server 2012/R2 Define private cloud terms and technologies Explain the core technologies of Windows Server 2012/R2 Describe Windows Server 2012/R2 roles Summarize the new and enhanced features of Windows Server 2012 MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  The Role of a Server Operating System The functions a server performs depend on: – Type of business using the server – Size of the business – Extent to which the business has committed to using technology to aid operations A server is used to provide services that aid the operations of an organization MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 3 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Server: Hardware or Software? A computer becomes a server when software is installed on it that provides a network service to client computers. Operating Systems such as Windows 10/11 and its predecessors are designed to be on desktop computers – These OSs can perform server functions such as file and printer sharing Server operating systems: OSs designed to emphasize network access performance and run background processes rather than desktop applications MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 4 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Server Operating Systems Versus Desktop Operating Systems Windows Server 2012/R2 network services: – File and Printer sharing – Web server – Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS) – Domain Name System (DNS) – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) – File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server – Active Directory – Distributed File System (DFS) – Hyper-V MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 5 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Server Operating Systems Versus Desktop Operating Systems Windows 10 desktop OS supports only Hyper-V, File and Printer Sharing, Web Server, and FTP Server in limited capacity. Windows 10 is restricted to 20 logged-on network users Windows Server 2012/R2 supports fault-tolerance features such as: – Redundant array of independent disks (RAID) 5 volumes – Load balancing MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 6 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Server 2012/R2 Editions Windows Server 2012/R2 editions have been streamlined compared with Windows Server 2008: – Datacenter – Standard – Essential – Foundation Businesses can choose the best solution for their size and services required MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 7 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Datacenter and Standard Editions Datacenter Edition – you can install an unlimited number of virtual instances of the OS. – Datacenter with Hyper-V can be installed on a physical server Install as many virtual machines as you need – Must purchase one Datacenter Edition license for every two physical processors installed on a server. Standard Edition - has all the features of Datacenter Edition and the same processor licensing conditions – Permits only two virtual instances MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 8 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Datacenter and Standard Editions Both Datacenter and Standard editions support: – Up to 4 TB of RAM – Up to 64 physical processors – Server clusters with up to 64 nodes per cluster Both editions have the option to be installed without the standard graphical user interface (GUI). – A mode called Server Core (now the default) Both editions require client access licenses (CALs) – Legally mandated for each user who logs on to the server MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 9 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Essential Edition Essential Edition - aimed at small businesses with 25 or fewer users. Automatically configured as a root domain controller. Other automatically configured services: – Active Directory Certificate Services, DNS, File Services, Web Server (IIS), Network Policy Server, and Remote Desktop Services Comes with a management interface called Dashboard. No Client Access License are required. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 10 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Foundation Edition Foundation Edition - entry-level edition – Suitable for small businesses – Available as an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) version only – Licensing limited to 15 users – No CALs are required – Supports a single physical processor – Supports up to 32 GB RAM – Can be configured as a stand-alone server or a root domain controller – Doesn’t support Hyper-V MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 11 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Server 2012/R2 and the Private Cloud Cloud computing - a collection of technologies for abstracting the details of how applications, storage, network, and other computing resources are delivered to users Virtualization - a core technology of cloud computing – Uses software to emulate multiple hardware environments so that multiple operating systems can run on the same physical server simultaneously MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 12 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410 MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 13 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Server 2012/R2 and the Private Cloud Virtual machine (VM) - the virtual environment emulates a physical computer’s hardware and BIOS. Host computer - the physical computer on which VM software is installed and VMs run. Virtualization software - software for creating and managing VMs and creating the virtual environment. Hypervisor - virtualization software component that creates and monitors the virtual hardware environment MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 14 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Public Cloud versus Private Cloud Public cloud - cloud computing service provided by a third party – Examples: DropBox, SkyDrive, Google Apps Private cloud - cloud computing service provided by an internal IT department – Typical services include virtual desktops, storage, and applications Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) – Users connect to private cloud with a Web browser or client software – Can access their desktop from any Internet connection MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 15 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Server 2012/R2 Core Technologies  Server Manager  Active Directory  Microsoft Management Console  Disk Management  File and printer sharing  Windows networking MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 16 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Server Manager Provides a single interface for installing, configuring, and removing a variety of server roles. Includes tools to diagnose problems, manage storage, and perform general configuration tasks. Can be used to manage all servers in your network. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 17 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Figure 1-2 Server Manager Dashboard view MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring 18 © Cengage Learning 2014 Windows Server 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Active Directory Provides a single point of administration of network resources (Users, groups, shared printers, etc.) Provides centralized authentication and authorization of users to network resources Along with DNS, provides domain-naming services and management for a Windows domain. Enables administrators to assign system policies, deploy software to client computers, and assign permissions and rights to users of network resources. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 19 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Microsoft Management Console Creates a centralized management interface for administrators Important feature: the capability to connect to servers remotely MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 20 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Disk Management To manage disk and volumes on a Windows Server 2012/R2 computer. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 21 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  File and Printer Sharing Offers advanced features such as: – Shadow copies – Disk quotas – Distributed File System (DFS) MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 22 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Networking Concepts The Workgroup Model – A small collection of computers that share common roles, such as sharing files or printers. – Also called a peer-to-peer network – Decentralized logons, security, and resource sharing – Easy to configure and works well for small groups of users (fewer than 10) – A Windows Server 2012/R2 server that participates in a workgroup is referred to as a stand-alone server. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 23 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Networking Concepts The Domain Model – Preferred for a network that has more than 10 computers or requires centralized security and resource management – Requires at least one computer to be a domain controller – A domain controller is a Windows server that has Active Directory role installed and is responsible for allowing client computers access to domain resources. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 24 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Network Components Network connection - a collection of networking components working together. Network Interface – Composed of two parts: the network interface card (NIC) and the device driver software Network Protocol – Specifies the rules and format of communication between network devices MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 25 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Network Components Network Client and Server Software – A network client is the part of the OS that sends requests to a server to access network resources. – Network server software receives requests for shared network resources and makes those resources available to a network client In Windows, this server software is File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 26 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Server 2012/R2 Roles A server role is a major function or service that a server performs. Role services add functions to the main role. Server features provide functions that enhance or support an installed role or add a stand-alone function. A server can be configured for a single role or several roles MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 27 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410 Active Directory Certificate Services A digital certificate is an electronic document containing information about the certificate holder and the entity that issued the certificate. The Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) role provides services for creating, issuing, and managing digital certificates. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 28 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410 Active Directory Domain Services Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) installs Active Directory and turns a Windows Server 2012/R2 server into a domain controller. The main purpose of Active Directory Domain Services is to handle authentication and authorization for users and computers in a Windows domain. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 29 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  DHCP Server Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server role provides automatic IP address assignment and configuration for client computers. Can provide default gateway address, DNS server addresses and other options. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 30 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  DNS Server DNS Server resolves the names of Internet computers and computers that are members of a Windows Domain to their assigned IP addresses. When installing Active Directory, you can specify an existing DNS server or install DNS on the same server as Active Directory. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 31 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Hyper-V Provides services to create and manage virtual machines on a Windows Server 2012/R2 computer. A virtual machine is a software environment that simulates the computer hardware an OS requires for installation. Installing an OS on a virtual machine is done using the same methods used on a physical machine. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 32 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Remote Access Allows configuring a server as a virtual private network (VPN) server and a router. Direct Access enables users to connect to their work securely through an Internet connection. – More user friendly than a typical VPN connection MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 33 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Windows Deployment Services Simplifies the installation of Windows over a network. Can install and remotely configure Windows 10/11 and Server 2012 systems. WDS provides all tools needed to deploy Windows in an enterprise network on a large scale MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 34 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  New and Enhanced Features in Windows Server 2012/R2 Server Core Minimal Server Interface PowerShell Storage Spaces Resilient File System (ReFS) IP Address Management (IPAM) Dynamic Access Control MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 35 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  PowerShell A command-line interactive scripting environment that provides commands for almost any management task. PowerShell uses the term “cmdlets” to describe commands and scripts Hundreds of cmdlets are available in PowerShell – Ranging from performing simple tasks to managing aspects of Active Directory Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1 and above are equipped with PowerShell 4.0. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 36 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  IP Address Management IP Address Management (IPAM) has tools to monitor and manage servers running DHCP and DNS. – Including automatic discovery of domain controllers and DHCP and DNS servers IPAM can be used to audit IP address use and track changes made to the IP address space. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 37 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Summary A server is largely defined by the software running on the computer hardware. Windows Server 2012/R2 is available in four main editions: Datacenter, Standard, Essentials, and Foundation. Windows Server 2012/R2 has several features for creating and supporting private cloud environments. The technologies that make up the core functions of Windows Server 2012/R2 include Server Manager, NTFS, Active Directory, disk management, file and printer sharing, and Windows networking. MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 38 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410  Summary Windows Server 2012/R2 includes more than a dozen primary server roles and many supporting role services and features Windows Server 2012/R2 adds a host of new services, including Minimal Server Interface, Storage Spaces, Resilient File System, IP Address Management, and Dynamic Access Control MCSA Guide to Installing and Configuring Windows Server 39 © Cengage Learning 2015 2012/R2, Exam 70-410