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Ans: C 35. Descend below MDA/H is only allowed when… A – the cross-wind component is less than 25 kts B – the published time from the outer marker to the MAP has elapsed C – visual reference with the runway is established and can be maintained D – the pilot is famil...

Ans: C 35. Descend below MDA/H is only allowed when… A – the cross-wind component is less than 25 kts B – the published time from the outer marker to the MAP has elapsed C – visual reference with the runway is established and can be maintained D – the pilot is familiar with the published procedure Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 36. In a procedure turn (45o/180o), a 45o turn away from the outbound track is performed from the start of turn for categories A and B aircraft for: A – 1 minute B – 1 minute 15 seconds C – 1 minute 30 seconds D – 2 minutes Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 37. The factors considered in the calculations of DA/DH are: A – The OCA/H based on the highest obstacle in the approach or missed approach paths including an allowance for aircraft speed and height loss on any go around, plus a margin for operational factors B – The OCA/H based on the highest obstacle in the final approach path only, plus a margin for height loss on any go around C – The OCA/H based on the highest obstacle in the final approach path including an allowance for aircraft speed plus a margin D – The OCA/H based on the highest obstacle in the missed approach path only plus an allowance for height loss on any go around Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 38. Who establishes the OCA/H (Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height) for an approach procedure? A – the “flight operations” of the company B – the operator  C – the pilot-in-command D – the state Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: D 39. Where does the initial phase of a missed approach procedure end? A – at the point where the climb is established B – at the point where a new approach, holding or return to en-route flight is initiated C – at the first point where 50m (164 ft) obstacle clearance is obtained and can be maintained D – at the missed approach point Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 40. When determining the OCA/OCH for a precision approach, obstacle height is referenced to: A – MSL B – aerodrome reference point C – threshold D – highest obstacle within 25 nm of aerodrome Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 41. When the visual manoeuvring (circling) area has been established the obstacle clearance altitude/height (OCA/H) is determined: A – Only for categories A and B aircraft B – For each category of aircraft, and it may be different for each one of them C – Only for categories C, D and E aircraft D – For all categories of aircraft, and it is the same for all of them Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 42. What is the most important factor when designing an instrument departure procedure? A – navigation aids B – terrain C – ATC requirements D – weather Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 43. The NTZ extends from ___ to ___ A – the nearer runway threshold, the point at which both aircraft are established on the centre line of the runways B – the threshold of the nearer runway, the point at which 1000 ft vertical separation is reduced between aircraft C – the final approach fix, the end of the nearest runway D – the start of the approach, the touchdown point of the first runway Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 44. Which of the following is not shown on an approach plate? A – OCA/OCH B – DME frequency C – NDB location D – field elevation Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 45. What is the normal minimum missed approach gradient? A – 2.5% B – 0.9% C – 3.3% D – 4.2%  Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 46. For a category 1 precision approach, the decision height cannot be lower than: A – 150 ft B – 250 ft C – 200 ft D – 100 ft Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 47. In a precision approach (ILS) obstacle clearance surfaces assume that the pilot does not normally deviate from the centre line, after being established on track, more than: A – One and a half of scale deflection B – One scale deflection C – A quarter of scale deflection D – Half a scale deflection Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: D 48. Normally missed approach procedures are based on a nominal missed approach climb gradient of: A – 0.8% B – 2.5% C – 3.3% D – 5% Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 49. If, during a visual circling, visual reference is lost while circling to land from an instrument approach, the pilot shall: A – Make an initial climbing turn towards the landing runway and follow the  missed approach procedures B – Require immediate assistance from ATC which is obliged to provide radar vectors in order to maintain obstacle clearance C – Descend further in order to reach an altitude where visual reference can be maintained D – Climb straight ahead to the minimum sector altitude Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 50. When performing a circling approach, descent below MDA/H should not be made until: A – the pilot has visual reference and the required obstacles clearance can be maintained B – required obstacle clearance can be maintained and the aircraft is in a position to execute a safe landing C – Visual reference is established and can be maintained, the landing threshold is in sight, the required obstacle clearance can be maintained and a landing can be executed D – You are clear of clouds Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 51. Normally, the maximum descent gradient, applicable in the final approach segment to ensure the required minimum obstacle clearance, is: A – 8% B – 5% C – 7% D – 6.5% Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: D 52. During a visual circling, descent below MDA/H shall not be made until: A) Visual reference has been established and can be maintained B) The pilot has the landing threshold in sight  C) The required obstacle clearance can be maintained and the aircraft is in a position to carry out a landing D) A landing clearance has been received by ATC A – A, B and D B – A and B C– D – A, B and C Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: D 53. Where does the missed approach procedures start: A – At DH/MDH B – At any point that the criteria to continue the approach is lost C – At the missed approach point D – Over the threshold of the instrument runway Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 54. If contact is lost with the runway on the down-wind leg of a circling manoeuvre, what actions should be taken? A – Turn towards the inner marker for the runway in use, maintaining circling altitude B – Turn 90 degrees towards the runway and wait for visual contact C – If you have other visual cues, continues with ground contact D – Initiate a missed approach Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: D 55. How many aircraft approach categories are applicable to the new ICAO instrument approach procedures: A–3 B–4 C–5 D–6 Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 56. For the construction of precision approaches, which is the operationally preferred glide path angle? A – 3o B – 3.8o C – 3% D – 6.5% Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 57. Minimum sector altitudes published on approach charts provide at least the following obstacle clearance: A – 300m within 25 km of the homing facility associated with the approach procedure for that aerodrome B – 300m within 25 nm of the homing facility associated with the approach procedure for that aerodrome  C – 300m within 25 km of the FAF or FAP D – 300m within 25 nm of the initial approach fix Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B 58. Obstacle clearance for an ILS approach is based on the assumption that the pilot does not deviate from the centre line more than: A – half scale deflection of the glide path indicator and horizontal 35o off the centre line B – full scale deflection of the localiser indicator C – half scale deflection of the localiser indicator D – full scale deflection of the localiser indicator and half scale deflection of the glide path indication Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: C 59. The initial approach segment starts at the ___ and the obstacle clearance (MOC) provided in the primary area is ___ A – initial approach fix, 300m B – initial approach fix, 600m C – intermediate fix, 150m D – final approach fix, 150m Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: A 60. For precision approaches, the Final Approach Point (FAP) is set at a specified distance from the threshold of the instrument runway. What is the maximum this distance can be? A – 9 km (5 nm) B – 19 km (10 nm) C – 28 km (15 nm) D – 38 km (20 nm) Ref: AIR: atpl, ir; HELI: atpl, ir Ans: B