Introduction to Urban Design & Community Planning PDF

INTRODUCTION TO URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY PLANNING: CONTEXTUALIZATION OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE LECTURE 1 ARP 402- FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Ar. JAN RAE G. BERDEJO, UAP, PIEP Urban Design Refers to the process of designing and shaping the...

INTRODUCTION TO URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY PLANNING: CONTEXTUALIZATION OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE LECTURE 1 ARP 402- FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Ar. JAN RAE G. BERDEJO, UAP, PIEP Urban Design Refers to the process of designing and shaping the physical features of cities, towns, and villages. It involves the arrangement, appearance, and functionality of buildings, public spaces, transport systems, services, and amenities.  Urban design integrates several Understanding components to create a cohesive and Urban Design functional urban environment: Public Spaces: Parks, plazas, and other open spaces where people can gather and interact. Buildings: The arrangement and design of buildings influence the character and functionality of urban spaces. Streetscapes: Streets, sidewalks, and other pathways that determine how people move through the city. Infrastructure: The underlying systems (e.g., utilities, transportation) that support urban living.  Key principles of urban design include: Understanding Connectivity: Ensuring that different parts of the city are well connected, both physically and socially. Urban Design Mixed-use Development: Combining residential, commercial, and recreational uses within the same area. Human Scale Design: Designing spaces that are comfortable and accessible for people. Sustainability: Creating environments that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient. --Urban designers play a critical role in shaping cities and towns, ensuring they are livable, sustainable, and resilient.  Contextualization in Urban Design Contextualization ensures that urban design is sensitive to the specific characteristics of a place: Historical Context: Preserving historical landmarks and integrating them with modern developments. Cultural Context: Designing spaces that reflect and celebrate local culture and traditions. Environmental Context: Integrating natural features into urban design, such as preserving green spaces and waterways. Socioeconomic Context: Addressing the needs of diverse populations, including marginalized communities. Case studies like the Makati CBD and Vigan illustrate how contextualization can lead to successful urban designs that respect and enhance the character of a place.  Urban Design Focus: Urban Design is primarily concerned with the physical form, Urban Design vs aesthetics, and functionality of specific spaces within a city. It deals with the design of buildings, public spaces, streetscapes, and other Urban Planning elements that make up the urban environment. Scale: Urban Design typically operates at a smaller, more detailed scale compared to Urban Planning. It focuses on specific areas, such as a neighborhood, a street, or a public square. Objective: The main objective of Urban Design is to create spaces that are visually appealing, functional, and enhance the quality of life for people who use them. It considers the experience of the user at the human scale, including how people interact with their environment. Elements: Urban Design elements include building facades, street layouts, public spaces (like parks and plazas), lighting, signage, and landscaping. It often involves the design of individual projects within a broader urban context. Key Concerns: Urban Design concerns itself with aesthetics, spatial relationships, pedestrian movement, and the integration of buildings with their surroundings.  Urban Planning Urban Design vs Focus: Urban Planning, on the other hand, is broader and more strategic. It involves the systematic organization and management of land use, Urban Planning infrastructure, and services across an entire city or region. Urban Planning sets the long-term vision for the development and growth of urban areas. Scale: Urban Planning operates at a larger scale, often encompassing entire cities, metropolitan areas, or regions. It deals with the allocation of land for various uses (residential, commercial, industrial), transportation networks, utilities, and public services. Objective: The main objective of Urban Planning is to manage the growth and development of urban areas in a way that is sustainable, efficient, and equitable. It aims to balance social, economic, and environmental considerations in the development of urban spaces. Elements: Urban Planning elements include zoning regulations, land use plans, transportation planning, environmental impact assessments, and policies for housing, economic development, and public health. Key Concerns: Urban Planning concerns itself with issues such as land use, transportation systems, infrastructure development, environmental sustainability, and social equity. Summary of Differences: Scale: Urban Design is more detailed and site-specific, focusing on individual projects or specific urban areas, while Urban Planning is broader, covering entire cities or regions. Focus: Urban Design is about the physical and aesthetic aspects of urban spaces, whereas Urban Planning is about the strategic organization of land use and services across a larger area. Objective: Urban Design aims to create functional, attractive spaces at the human scale, while Urban Planning aims to manage urban growth and ensure the sustainable and equitable development of cities. In practice, Urban Design and Urban Planning often overlap and complement each other. Urban Planners may establish the framework within which Urban Designers operate, and the detailed designs of Urban Designers must align with the broader plans and policies set by Urban Planners. Community Architecture - focuses on the design and planning of buildings and spaces with active community participation. It emphasizes the importance of understanding and integrating the needs, values, and aspirations of the local community into the design process.  Understanding Community Architecture - Community architecture prioritizes the involvement of the community in the design process. It emerged as a response to the need for more inclusive and responsive design practices. - Principles of community architecture include: Participation: Engaging the community in the design and decision-making process. Adaptability: Designing spaces that can evolve with the changing needs of the community. Empowerment: Enabling communities to take ownership of their spaces and buildings. - Examples of community architecture projects include grassroots housing initiatives and community centers that address specific local needs.  Contextualization Community-driven design in Community is at the heart of contextual community Architecture architecture. It involves: Community Participation: Sustainability: Using local Actively involving materials, traditional community members in the construction techniques, design process to ensure and designing for that their needs and environmental preferences are met. sustainability.. Challenges and Future Directions Urban design and community architecture face several challenges: Rapid Urbanization: Managing the pressures of growing populations in urban areas. Cultural Preservation: Balancing modern development with the preservation of cultural heritage. Inclusivity: Ensuring that design processes are inclusive and equitable.