Introduction to IKS.docx

**Introduction to IKS** "We owe a lot to the ancient Indians, teaching us how to count. Without which most modern scientific discoveries would have been impossible" \~ Albert Einstein **What is the Indian Knowledge System** Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) is an innovative cell under Ministry of Ed...

**Introduction to IKS** "We owe a lot to the ancient Indians, teaching us how to count. Without which most modern scientific discoveries would have been impossible" \~ Albert Einstein **What is the Indian Knowledge System** Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) is an innovative cell under Ministry of Education (MoE) at AICTE, New Delhi. It is established to promote interdisciplinary research on all aspects of IKS, preserve and disseminate IKS for further research and societal applications. It will actively engage for spreading the rich heritage of our country and traditional knowledge in the field of Arts and literature, Agriculture, Basic Sciences, Engineering & Technology, Architecture, Management, Economics, etc. It is a structured system and process of Knowledge transfer rather than a tradition. Objectives of the Indian Knowledge System The Indian knowledge system seeks to encourage and enable more study in a number of areas, including holistic health, psychology, neuroscience, nature, the environment, and sustainable development, in order to address current societal problems. The main goal of learning from the past and integrating Indian knowledge systems is to use our ancient knowledge systems, which are characterized by an unbroken tradition of knowledge transfer and a distinctive point of view, to solve current and emerging problems in India and the world (Bhāratiyu Drishti). Aim IKS essentially teaches us how to ask questions. In what manner? To what extent? Our way of thinking will be directed and reoriented by fundamental sutras. The axiomatic beliefs that "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam " (the entire universe is a family) and "Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah " (may all be happy) Rooted in the ethos of inclusivity and cultural heritage, the Indian Knowledge System recalls a commitment to nurturing well-rounded individuals capable of contributing meaningfully to society. As we delve into the intricacies of this system, we witness a tapestry that weaves together traditional values, cutting-edge technology, and a forward-looking mindset. India has a rich and diverse knowledge heritage that evolved over thousands of years in disciplines such as philosophy, arts, sciences, technology, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, economics, political science, and social sciences and ethics. The IKS has the potential to complement and enrich contemporary higher education by providing a more comprehensive understanding of human knowledge, civilization, and cultural heritage and bringing benefits to students, academia, and society at large. **Why do we need IKS?** In an increasingly changing and uncertain world, the significance of preserving and imparting traditional knowledge systems, particularly those rooted in the rich cultural heritage of India, cannot be overstated. Being global citizens, one needs to be rooted in one\'s own culture and tradition. Introducing young people to Indian knowledge systems not only fosters pride in one\'s cultural heritage but also equips them with invaluable insights that can address modern-day challenges across various domains. Furthermore, the pedagogical approach of these systems offers a holistic and value-based education, ensuring all-round development while fostering a deep connection to local culture and knowledge. Moreover, recent research in neuroscience highlights the cognitive benefits of engaging with Indian knowledge systems, underscoring their relevance in contemporary education. Pride in Cultural Heritage: Introducing young people to Indian knowledge systems instils a sense of pride and appreciation for their cultural heritage. India boasts of diversity of traditions, philosophies, and practices that have endured for centuries, reflecting the country\'s rich cultural diversity. By learning about ancient Indian texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana, young learners gain insight into the profound wisdom and intellectual achievements of their ancestors. Solving Modern-Day Problems: Indian knowledge systems offer valuable insights that can address contemporary challenges in various domains. From sustainable agriculture practices advocated in ancient texts like the Arthashastra to the holistic healthcare system of Ayurveda, these traditions offer solutions that are both time-tested and environmentally sustainable. By integrating traditional knowledge with modern science and technology, young people can contribute to innovative solutions for pressing issues such as climate change, healthcare, and sustainable development Holistic Pedagogy: The pedagogical approach of Indian knowledge systems is inherently interesting and holistic, engaging learners on multiple levels. Rather than rote memorization, these systems emphasize experiential learning, critical thinking, and the cultivation of practical skills. Through storytelling, debates, and interactive discussions, students are encouraged to explore complex ideas and develop a deeper understanding of themselves and the world around them. A great change in the current educational process where children are feeling stressed out can be brought when traditional pedagogy is used. Value-Based Education: Indian knowledge systems are deeply rooted in values such as compassion, respect for nature, and the pursuit of truth and righteousness. By imparting these values, education based on Indian knowledge systems nurtures ethical leadership, empathy, and social responsibility in young learners. This value-based approach not only fosters personal growth but also contributes to the development of a more compassionate and sustainable society. Connecting to local culture One of the strengths of Indian knowledge systems lies in their ability to connect learners to their local culture and knowledge. By exploring regional customs, folklore, and indigenous practices, students develop a deeper appreciation for their cultural identity and heritage. This connection to local traditions fosters a sense of belonging and community, empowering young people to become stewards of their cultural legacy. Neuroscientific benefits: Recent research in neuroscience has underscored the cognitive benefits of engaging with Indian knowledge systems. Practices such as yoga, meditation, and chanting have been shown to enhance cognitive function, reduce stress, and improve emotional well-being. By incorporating these practices into education, young learners can develop greater focus, resilience, and emotional intelligence, enhancing their overall learning experience and academic performance. **Organization of IKS** The Indian Knowledge Systems Division (IKS Division) of the Ministry of Education (MoE) was established in October 2020, with a vision to promote interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research on all aspects of IKS, preserve and disseminate a deeper understanding and appreciation of IKS for further research, and societal applications. The IKS Division supports and funds the establishment of IKS centers, and interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research in IKS. The Division conducts internship programs for undergraduate students in addition to conducting faculty development programs, workshops, text mining and documentation projects, and many outreach activities in partnership with other institutions. Additionally, the Division initiated IKS Wiki portal for article publishing in various Bhāratīya languages, fostering a broader dissemination and engagement with traditional knowledge systems. The main objective of the IKS Division is to go beyond merely acknowledging the existence of Indian Knowledge Systems and to rejuvenate and mainstream it by integrating it into the fabric of our education research ecosystem for the contemporary world. It further seeks to bridge the gap between Traditional Indian Knowledge Systems and contemporary knowledge systems. By doing so, the IKS Division aims at cultivating a living tradition that fosters the creation of new knowledge and inspires the development of future innovators and scholars based on Bhāratīya paradigms of knowledge generation and transmission. In other words, the IKS Division is not satisfied discussing about Suśruta, Āryabhaṭa, Agastya and other venerated Ācāryas; we actively strive to create an ecosystem that will inspire and give rise to many more Suśrutas and Āryabhaṭas. Core Principles of the IKS Division: The IKS division focuses on three fundamental principles when undertaking any activity: 1\. Paramparā: Embracing the rich heritage and lineage of Indian Knowledge Systems, the IKS Division aims to uphold and carry forward the wisdom that has been passed down through generations. The goal is to highlight the continuous unbroken knowledge traditions of Bhārata since time immemorial. 2\. Dṛṣṭi: Indian knowledge systems offer unique perspectives that make this knowledge system \'Bhāratīya\' and hold immense value in addressing contemporary and emerging challenges. By combining traditional wisdom with modern knowledge, we can find holistic solutions that transcend the limitations of either approach. 3\. Laukika-prayojana: The IKS Division aims to highlight the practical utility of the Indian Knowledge System to solve current and emerging problems of India and the world. By focusing on areas of societal importance, such as health, technology, and social well-being, IKS projects strive to make a tangible difference to the contemporary world by mainstreaming Indian Knowledge Systems. **Understanding the IKS:** The Indian Knowledge System, championed by the government, embodies a holistic and culturally rooted approach to education. Drawing from India\'s ancient wisdom, it integrates traditional values with contemporary knowledge, fostering a comprehensive understanding of the world. In this system, education goes beyond textbooks, emphasizing holistic development through arts, sports, and extracurricular activities. Cultural integration is a cornerstone, instilling pride and connection to heritage. Regional languages are promoted, ensuring inclusivity and preserving linguistic diversity. Practical application of knowledge is prioritized, preparing students for real-world challenges. Digital literacy is a focal point, acknowledging the importance of technology in the modern era. **Historicity of IKS,** Identity: Knowing about IKS helps young Indians feel connected to their heritage. This, in turn, helps strengthen our sense of identity. Culture: From a social perspective, culture is important as it is a set of ideas and customs. The prevailing knowledge and literary traditions play a significant role in shaping our culture. If the underlying knowledge systems are abruptly withdrawn from society, the cultural practices will be rudely jolted. Received Wisdom: Ancient knowledge plays a valuable role in 'received wisdom'. This is the continuity of thoughts and ideas passed down by previous generations. It also consists of ideas formed as a result of studying our history, heritage, and the culture of the past. This knowledge encourages the creation of new ideas and innovation. This is since modern cultures build upon the knowledge that is passed down to them. Economic value: The current global economy puts greater emphasis on knowledge. The economic value of knowledge is evident from the global intellectual property rights regulations and patent laws. Therefore, the ancient knowledge system will be beneficial to a country like India where we have a wealth of ancient scientific knowledge. The Role of Indian Knowledge System in India\'s Future : The implementation of Indian Knowledge System will not only revolutionize education but also rejuvenate the Indian psyche and way of life. By infusing fundamental Indian thought, knowledge, tradition, art, skills, craftsmanship, and management into various sectors, India will undergo a profound transformation. The IKS sector is expected to generate over 5 million jobs in the coming decades, boosting India\'s self-esteem and self-respect. **History of IKS** India is often referred to be \"the cradle of human civilization,\" \"the mother of speech,\" \"the grandmother of stories and customs,\" Along with the seven Janma (Births) theories, our Indian Knowledge also speaks about Jnana (Knowledge) and Ajnana (Ignorance). There are 14 places of Knowledge. They are called Chaturdasha Vidyastana. Vedas It is well known that the Vedas are the oldest surviving literary works in the whole world. Veda means \'knowledge\'. \'Veda\' is derived from the Sanskrit word \'vid\'. Vedas are also called Shruthi and Smriti. Shruti means heard, and Smriti means memory. From generation to generation, this Knowledge is handed over orally. When he found it to be written, Veda Vyasa met different Rishis, received this Knowledge orally, and began to write it. There are four Vedas: Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharvana Veda. the 6 Vedāṅgas (namely Śikṣā, Kalpa, Vyākaraṇa, Chhandas, Niruktam and Jyotiṣa) Itihāsa (Rāmāyaṇa and Mahābhārata) and Purāṇa (Viṣṇupurāṇa, Bhāgavata etc.) Dharmaśāstra (Manusmṛti, Yājñavalkya-smṛti, Parāśara-smṛti etc.) Darśana (Six orthodox and six heterodox systems) Nyāya (Logic and Epistemology) In other places, sometimes the 4 Upavedas, namely Āyurveda (health-care), Dhanurveda (archery), Gandharva-veda (dance, music etc.) and Sthāpatyaveda (architecture) are also added to the list, taking the total to 18 (aṣṭādaśa). Some salient aspects of IKS A white text with black text Description automatically generated