INTRODUCTION-TO-DATABASE.pdf

COMPONENTS OF DATABASE SYSTEM  1 WHAT IS DATABASE SYSTEM? A database system is an organized collection of components that work together to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently. CC 105 ...

COMPONENTS OF DATABASE SYSTEM  1 WHAT IS DATABASE SYSTEM? A database system is an organized collection of components that work together to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently. CC 105  2 COMPONENTS HARDWARE PROCEDURES SOFTWARE USERS DATA CC 105  HARDWARE 3 Description: The physical devices that make up the database system. Functions: Provides the necessary environment for data storage, processing, and communication. Servers: High-performance computers like Dell PowerEdge or HP ProLiant that host the database. Storage Devices: Hard drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) used to store database files. Network Infrastructure: Routers, switches, and network interface cards (NICs) that allow users to access the database over a network. CC 105  SOFTWARE 4 Description: The programs that manage, store, and retrieve data within the database system. Functions: Manages data storage, querying, security, backup, and more. Components: Database Management System (DBMS): Core software that handles the database's operations. Database Applications: Custom software that interacts with the DBMS for specific tasks. CC 105  SOFTWARE 5 Database Management System: MySQL: An open-source relational database management system often used for web applications. Oracle Database: A powerful enterprise-level DBMS with advanced features for large-scale applications. Microsoft SQL Server: A relational DBMS from Microsoft, widely used in enterprise environments. Database Applications: phpMyAdmin: A web-based application used to manage MySQL databases. Oracle Forms: A tool for creating data entry forms and applications that interact with Oracle databases. Power BI: A business analytics service that interacts with databases to generate reports and dashboards. CC 105  DATA 6 Description: The actual information stored within the database. Functions: Stores, organizes, and manages data for efficient retrieval and manipulation. Components: Tables: Structures that store data in rows and columns. Schemas: Organizational structures that define how data is organized and related within the database. Indexes: Structures that improve the speed of data retrieval. CC 105  DATA 7 Examples: Tables: Customers Table: A table storing customer information with fields like CustomerID, Name, Email, and PhoneNumber. Schemas: eCommerce Schema: A schema that organizes tables related to an online store, such as Customers, Orders, Products, and Payments. Indexes: CustomerName_Index: An index on the Name column of the Customers table to speed up search queries by name. CC 105  PROCEDURE 8 Description: The rules and guidelines for managing and operating the database system. Functions: Ensures that data is handled consistently, securely, and efficiently. EXAMPLES: Data Handling Procedures Backup Procedures Recovery Procedures Security Procedures CC 105  USERS 9 Description: The people who interact with the database system Functions: Engage with the database system to perform various tasks, from management to data entry and analysis. EXAMPLES: Database Administrators (DBAs) Developers End Users Data Analyst CC 105  10 DATA TYPES CC 105  NUMERIC DATA 11 Description: Data that represents numbers, which can be used for calculations. Common Types: INTEGER: Whole numbers without decimal points. FLOAT / REAL / DOUBLE: Numbers with decimal points.  TEXTUAL DATA 12 Description: Data that consists of characters, such as letters, numbers, and symbols. Common Types: VARCHAR / CHAR: Variable-length or fixed-length strings. TEXT: Large blocks of text.  DATE AND TIME DATA 13 Description: Data that represents dates, times, or both. Common Types: DATE: Represents a calendar date (e.g., YYYY-MM-DD). TIME: Represents a time of day (e.g., HH:MM:SS). DATETIME / TIMESTAMP: Represents both date and time.  BOOLEAN DATA 14 Description: Data that represents true/false or yes/no values. Common Types: BOOLEAN / BIT: Stores values like TRUE or FALSE, 1 or 0.  BINARY DATA 15 Description: Data that consists of binary information, such as images, files, or other non-textual data. Common Types: BLOB (Binary Large Object): Stores large binary files. VARBINARY: Stores variable-length binary data.  SPATIAL DATA 16 Description: Data that represents the physical location or shape of objects, often used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Common Types: POINT: Represents a single location in a coordinate system. LINESTRING: Represents a series of points that form a line. POLYGON: Represents a shape defined by a series of points forming a closed loop.  JSON DATA 17 Description: Data stored in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format, often used for storing semi-structured data. Common Types: JSON: Stores data in JSON format.  HOW TO CREATE TABLE 18 To create a table in a database, students would need to: 1. Identify the types of data they want to store. 2. Determine the appropriate data types for each column based on the data. 3. Design the table structure with a primary key for uniquely identifying each record THANK YOU