Organic Chemistry Introduction PDF
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Shalom Theological University
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Summary
This document introduces the fundamental concepts of organic and inorganic compounds. It explains the key differences between organic compounds, marked by the presence of carbon, and inorganic compounds, lacking the presence of carbon. The document also covers topics such as hydrocarbons, isomerism, and functional groups within the context of organic chemistry.
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Organic compounds marked by the presence of carbons inflammable and highly volatile different state: gas, liquid, solid usually insoluble in water mainly have carbon to hydrogen bonds majorly seen in living organisms example: carbohydra...
Organic compounds marked by the presence of carbons inflammable and highly volatile different state: gas, liquid, solid usually insoluble in water mainly have carbon to hydrogen bonds majorly seen in living organisms example: carbohydrates, lipids Inorganic compounds lack presence of carbons non-volatile and not inflammable only in solid state insoluble lack carbon majorly found in non-living organism Organic chem - the study of carbon Valence electron - bonding electron Carbon is able to form 4 covalent bonds with other carbon or other element (non metal) Hydrocarbons - are organic compounds that consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms Isomerism - same chemical formula but different in structure Types of organic compound aliphatic aromatic Alkanes saturated hydrocarbon with single carbon-carbon bonds simplest members of the hydrocarbon family Alkynes unsaturated carbon-carbon triple bonds acetylene series Alkenes unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds Alkyl groups have one less hydrogen than corresponding alkane also known as haloalkanes compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms HYDROCARBON DERIVATIVES without carbonyl (halocarbons, alcohols, ethers, amines with carbonyl (aldehyde, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides) Functional group - control how the molecule reacts
