Information Sheet 1c PDF

**INFORMATION SHEET 4.1** L.4. FLOOR PLAN FEATURES Floor Plan Floor plan is the top cross-sectional view of the floor area of a house. The horizontal cutting plane line for this top view passes between the upper and lower window sills or one meter above the floor line. It shows the size and arran...

**INFORMATION SHEET 4.1** L.4. FLOOR PLAN FEATURES Floor Plan Floor plan is the top cross-sectional view of the floor area of a house. The horizontal cutting plane line for this top view passes between the upper and lower window sills or one meter above the floor line. It shows the size and arrangement of the rooms. It also presents the sizes and locations of the stairs, door and windows openings, and partitions and walls. Sometimes it includes the kind of furnishings in each room. However, the materials required for constructing permanent or integral parts of each room such as bedroom closets, kitchen cabinets, etc., should also be accounted for in the bill of materials. A blueprint of a house Description automatically generated In multi-storey buildings, a separate floor plan is drawn for each floor level when the layout of the room is not in each floor. However, when two or more floor levels have the same arrangement and features, one typical floor plan representing all the identical floors will suffice to be drawn. **Room Requirements and pointers in planning a floor plan** 1. Living Room is the center of the living area in most homes. It should be centrally located and should be adjacent to the outside entrance and to the dining area, but the entrance should not lead directly into the living room. Recommended sizes should be at least 2.00m x 3.00 small, 3.7m. x 5.5m. average or optimum size would be 6.1 x 7.9 m. in rectangular shape. 2. Bedroom is a room for sleeping and taking rest of the family. Ideal number of rooms for low cost housing should be two bedrooms, master's bedroom and bedroom. Preferably, there should be a toilet and bath in master' bedroom and a built-in cabinets or closets. 3. Dining Area is the area where greatly depend on eating habits of the occupants. This should be located between the living room and kitchen. Its size and shape are determined by the size of the family. 4. Kitchen is the place for preparation of food and connecting the work triangle area for storage and mixing center, preparation and cleaning center and cooking center. There should be a storage hanging kitchen cabinet with a minimal width of 0.60 meter. Types of Kitchen 1. U-shaped kitchen A diagram of a kitchen Description automatically generated 2. L-shaped type  3. Corridor type A diagram of a kitchen counter Description automatically generated 5. Bathroom is where the toilet and tub or shower are separated to save economically in plumbing. As much as possible keep the toilet near the kitchen. The bath and toilet must be near the bedrooms, accessible to the living room even without passing through other rooms. The toilet and bath are generally located between bedrooms. In a two-storey residential house, the bedrooms, toilet, and bath are often located on the second floor. In this case, the stair must go up from the living room or hall if there is any. The stair is generally L or U-shaped and has a landing. Bathroom Doors and Windows Bathroom door could be small as 55- 60 cm. except for utility bathroom which requires not less than 70.cm. wide to allow passage of equipment as required. In general, bathroom wall contain only one door. 6. Entrances Entrance is divided into several different types; the main entrance, the service entrance, and the special- purpose entrance. The entrance is composed of an outside waiting area like the porch, marquee or lanai and an inside waiting area like foyer or entrance hall. It provides for and controls the flow of traffic into and out of a building. The main entrance provides access to the house. It is the one through which guests are welcomed and from which all major traffic patterns radiate. The main entrance should be readily identifiable. It should provide shelter to anyone awaiting entrance. The service entrance provides access to the house through which supplies can be delivered to the service areas going through other parts of the house. It should also provide access to parts of the service area like the garage, laundry or workshop. The special-purpose entrances and exits do not provide for outside traffic. Instead they provide for movement from the inside living area of the house to the outside living areas. A sliding door from the living area to the patio is a special-purpose entrance. It is not an entrance through which street, drive, or sidewalk traffic would have an access. 7. Garage and Carports. A garage is an enclosed structure designed primarily to shelter an automobile. It maybe used for many secondary purposes -- as a workshop, as a laundry, or for storage space. It is usually attached to the house in some manner to provide a sheltered entry. A carport is a garage with one or more of the exterior walls removed. It may consist of a free-standing roof completely separate from the house, or it may be built against the existing walls of the house. **INFORMATION SHEET 4.2** LO4. Use of appropriate scale in drawing a Floor Plan Scales The architectural draftsman normally uses an architect's scale for reducing and enlarging the scale size measurement. There are two system of measurement, Metric system and English system.  Metric System Always remember that the smallest the number used in metric scale, the bigger the size in the triangular scale whereas, the largest the number used the smallest size of actual measurement. 1:05 m. 1: 100 m. 1:10 m. 1: 200 m. 1:20 m. 1: 300 m. 1: 30 m. 1: 400 m. 1: 40 m. 1: 500 m. 1: 50 m. 1: 600 m. 1:75 m. 1:1000m. Note: The scale of 1:1000 m. or more is being used in Lot Plan and other topographical drawings. **Full size scale** The 1:1 is a full size scale and each division measures 1 mm. in width with the numbering of the calibrations at 10mm intervals. This same scale is convenient for ratios of 1:10, 1:100, and 1:1000 **Half size Scale** The 1:2 is one-half size scale and each division is equals to 2 mm. with the calibration numbering at 20-unit intervals. In addition, this scale is convenient for ratios of 1:20, 1:200, and 1:2000. **ARCHITECTURAL USE OF METRIC SCALE** A table with numbers and text Description automatically generated **INFORMATION SHEET 4.3** **LO4. Architectural drafting design standards** **Legal Provisions:** - Section 806 of the National Building Code (NBC). Size and Dimension of Rooms: a. Room for human habitations should be 6.00 square meters with at least a dimension of 2.00 meters. b. Kitchens should be 3.00 square meters with at least a dimension of 1.50 meters. c. Bath & Toilet -- 1.20 square meters with at least dimension of 0.90 meters. - Section 1207. Stairs, Exit, and Occupant Loads. Width and Height. Every required exit doorway shall have a size to permit the installation of a door not less than 900 millimeters in width and not less than 2.00 meters in height. Stairways width. Stairway serving an occupant load of more than 50 shall not be less than 1.10 meters. While stairway serving an occupant load of 50 or less shall be 900 millimeters wide. Rise and run. The rise of every step in a stairway shall not exceed 200 millimeters and the run shall not be less than 250 millimeters. **Other guidelines must be observed in the arrangement of rooms in drawing floor plan:** 1. Built-in cabinets or closets are usually found in the bedrooms, kitchen, and dining room. Open shelves may be constructed in the kitchen and dining room. 2. In some one-storey houses, the bedrooms toilet, and bath are elevated from the other rooms. In this case, the stairs leading to these rooms must be indicated on the floor plan. Two or three steps, each has 18 or 19 cm high from each other and 25 cm wide, may be shown in the plan. All these measurements must be drawn to scale. 3. Since most of the time is spent by the members of a family in the bedrooms at home, these rooms must be located far from noise, dust, and polluted air coming from garbage pits or from the kitchens and toilets of the neighboring houses. 4. If furnitures and house appliances are to be shown in each room, these furnishings should be drawn on the same scale in the floor plan. 5. If the floor plan will be traced on tracing paper in order to indicate the electrical or water connections, these furnishings should not be shown on the tracing. 6. In presentation drawings, the landscaping around the floor plan may be added. 7. It is on the floor plan where the cutting plane lines for at least two full-sectional elevations (cross and longitudinal) are indicated. These sectional elevations are usually labeled as Section A-A and Section B-B, depending on the capital letter used at the extremities of the cutting plane lines. These cutting plane lines need not be continuous or straight. They are often drawn in colored ink. ( see illustration) 8. Windows and Doors symbols should be indicated in the outer walls of the floor plan opposite to door and windows openings to determine the total number and specification. Entrance and Exit. There shall be at least one entrance and another one for exit. Windows opening should be 10% of the total floor square area according to the National Building Code. Example: Bedroom size of 3.00m x 40.00 = 12 square meters x 10% = 1.20m window width opening. **Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB) for walling and partitions** Sizes: - CHB - 0.10 T x 0.40 W. x 0.20 H. (4" T x 16"W x 8"H) is used for interior walls or sometimes exterior wall with no heavy loads. - CHB - 0.15 x 0.20 x 0.40 (6" x 8" x 16") is used for exterior wall sometimes for interior wall. - Plastering of CHB wall should not be less than 0.015 mm. or not more than to 0.05 cm in thickness. Note: In lay outing floor plan walls, it should be scaled with same sizes of all actual materials to be used. If the occupancy wants to use 0.10 x 0.20 x 0.40 CHB plus plastering of 0.015 mm thickness on both side walls, the total thickness of the wall is 0.13 cm. On the other hand, likes to use 0.15 x 0.20 x 0.40 CHB plus plastering of 0.015 mm thickness on both sides a total average is 0.018 cm. since it is very hard to layout the accurate scale of 0.18 wall thickness, so most draftsman prefer to use 0.20 cm. wall in lay outing floor plan. **Wall Openings** Entrance door is preferably with 0.90 cm. to 1.00 m. width. Bedroom door has a minimum width of 0.80 cm. Toilet and Bath door have a minimum width of 0.70 cm. to 0.80 cm. Minimal width of windows is preferably 0.60 cm. Other appliances and fixtures are required to be drawn in the floor plan for space requirements Eave lines are hidden roof lines which also indicated in the floor plan. Trees, Plants symbols are required to be drawn in the development of site plan if needed. **OPERATION SHEET 4.1** LO4. Steps in drawing a Floor Plan 1\. Prepare the needed tools and materials. 2\. Use the correct scale.  3\. Construct the wall thickness. Use 0.15cm. CHB for the major walls. Start from the center of the wall. A drawing of a letter a and a wall Description automatically generated 4\. Divide the floor area to other areas of the house. Use a 10 cm interior wall partitions. Compute each area of the house, then check the total floor area.  5\. Lay out the position of doors and windows by center line and by their widths with a 4H pencil. The standard width of doors is 90-95 centimeters like the main entrance door. While 80 centimeters for bedrooms and service doors and 0.75 centimeters for toilet and bath doors. A drawing of a house Description automatically generated 6\. Label each part of the floor plan. Draw the kitchen and apply the work triangle principle in designing the kitchen. Draft the toilet and bath draw the fixtures properly.  7\. Lay-out extension lines. Use any dimension limits and lay out dimensions legibly and never repeat dimensions. A blueprint of a house Description automatically generated 8\. Draw the schedule of doors and windows. Name doors and windows by sizes. Finally, draw the roof line of the floor plan.