Pyroclastic Flows & Volcanic Gases PDF

# Pyroclastic Flows Apart from the ashes that fall down affecting areas, what comes from explosions are pyroclastic flows. The materials released from the mouth of a volcano are generally classified as pyroclastic density currents made up of volcanic particles such as pyroclastic, hot gasses, and...

# Pyroclastic Flows Apart from the ashes that fall down affecting areas, what comes from explosions are pyroclastic flows. The materials released from the mouth of a volcano are generally classified as pyroclastic density currents made up of volcanic particles such as pyroclastic, hot gasses, and ashes. All of these gush down from the mouth of the volcano, other than its explosion, it is classified as no. 2: - **Pyroclastic Flow:** A dense type of current that moves a bit slower than a Surge, it is bound to be attached to the ground. - **Pyroclastic Surge:** This is a diluted type of current that has more mobility. | | | |---|---| | **Pyroclastic flow (lava dome)** | **Prevailing wind** | | **→ Pyroclastic flow** | | * **Pyroclastic flow:** Which is the most dangerous type of this hazard. **Ballistic projectile** are formed and come out of the mouth of the volcano are called ballistic projectile. Bombs also prevent danger to people as they carry partially molten lava fragments with viscosity. ## Volcanic Gases There are a variety of gases released before and even after an eruption before eruptions gases have already built up pressure inside the magma waiting to be released. Magma consists of various gases are harmful that are released to the atmosphere, dissolved through the main vent. ### Gases released from an eruption and their effects - **Water Vapor** - Colorless, odorless, and harmless - **Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)** - Colorless and odorless, increases breathability in breathing. - **Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂)** - Colorless gas with pungent odor, that irritates the eyes, skin, respiratory system. - **Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S)** - Colorless offensive gas, bad odor smell of rotten egg, respiratory system, unconscious. - **Hydrogen Halides** - Such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen bromide, harmful for human beings. ## Lava Flow: Emits a bright red-orange appearance, signifying that the once enclosed magma has been released in the form of lava. Lava flow can be described as a stream of incandescent molten rock showing down or stops from an eruptive vent.