W2 Lecture Notes PDF
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Uploaded by FelicitousKazoo7765
University of Sydney
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Summary
This document contains lecture notes on memory, covering topics such as infantile amnesia, schema, reminiscence bump, and false memories. It also explores different types of memory like explicit and implicit memory. The notes also discuss memory demonstrations, implicit and explicit memory tasks, and levels of processing.
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# W2 Lecture Notes ## Lecture 3 - **Infantile Amnesia:** Very little memories before the age of 4-5. - Brains are not fully formed yet. - Don't really have schema. - **Schema:** Makes memories more efficient. - **Reminiscence Bump:** - A lot of memorable things happen around your 20s...
# W2 Lecture Notes ## Lecture 3 - **Infantile Amnesia:** Very little memories before the age of 4-5. - Brains are not fully formed yet. - Don't really have schema. - **Schema:** Makes memories more efficient. - **Reminiscence Bump:** - A lot of memorable things happen around your 20s that people remember 30 years later. - Period of rapid brain development. - Lots of new things being tried at that age. - **Try studiousity for written work!** - **Recognition:** Stays the same as you age. - You are asked if you have seen something before. - **Recall:** Drops as you age. - You must recall (blank piece of paper). - Old people don't try as hard to recall. - Entirely motivational (vocal, !!!). - **Context matters for better recall:** - Environment - Smells - Sights - Music/sounds, etc. - Seek serenity before/after study period. - Sleep - Walk, jog, etc. - **Structural encoding:** Phonemic encoding - Level of depthness - Semantic encoding - **Flashbulb Memories:** Very vivid and detailed memories. - A special neural mechanism is activated? (Brown, Krik) - Most research shows it's no different than everyday memories. ## Lecture 2 - **Tutorial tutor:** Hayfa Bakour [email protected] - Memory - Explicit (declarative) - Episodic - Semantic - Implicit (unconscious) - Classical conditioning - Procedural - Priming - motor skills, etc. - **Implicit Memory:** Classical conditioning and priming - Unconscious associations between stimuli - Dentist drill → poach → anxiety. - Priming - Display or mention of one concept leads to spreading activation of other ones. - Ex: Money, withdraw, robbery, or river, flow, boat. - **Declarative Memory** - Semantic - Episodic - **Hippocampus:** Moves memories from short term to long term. - **Procedural Memory:** - Memory for how to do things. - Not available consciously. - Learnt through gradual practice over and over again. ## Memory Demonstration - **Mem Demonstration** - 1/6 - A - C - A - A - A - A - C - 2/40 - A - C - C - A - A - A - C - 3) Yes - C - C - C - A - A - A - A - **Think,** **Sorrow,** **Truth,** **Spine,** **Inspire,** **Crane** - **Implicit Memory:** You don't know your memory. - **Test:** - Perceptual identification test - Fragment completion test - Ex: th - n - C - an - - **Explicit Memory Tasks:** - Recalling - Recognition - **Implicit and Explicit** - Do not behave the same way! - **Levels of Processivity:** - Modularity/format of material - Delay/retention interval - Lasts longer! - Amnesic Patients - Unaffected for implicit - **Source Confusion: Fitting memory?** (Loftus, 1974) - Hyposis doesn't improve schemas. - Memory only confitures scripts in memory. - **Spreading activation (semantic memory)** - **DRM Paradigm:** - Connectivity previously seen words that ground the flow to what's in focus. - **False Memory** - Misleading post event info - **Misinformation paradigm** - **Leading questions/wording** - **Social Pressure** - **Spreading activation (semantic memory)**
