Electrical Components and Symbols PDF

# Electrical Components and Symbols ## Electrical components - Battery - Switch - Bulb - Resistor - Variable Resistor - LDR - Meter - Diode - Ammeter - LPE LED - NPN Transistor ## Symbols - **Battery:** ---||--- - **Switch:** (O) - **Resistor:** (line with zig-zag) - **Variable resistor:**...

# Electrical Components and Symbols ## Electrical components - Battery - Switch - Bulb - Resistor - Variable Resistor - LDR - Meter - Diode - Ammeter - LPE LED - NPN Transistor ## Symbols - **Battery:** ---||--- - **Switch:** (O) - **Resistor:** (line with zig-zag) - **Variable resistor:** (resistor symbol with arrow through it) - **LDR:** (square with arrow pointing in) - **Meter:** (circle with M) - **Diode:** (triangle with line) - **Ammeter:** (circle with A) - **LPE LED:** (diode symbol with arrow and two lines) - **NPN transistor:** (circle with lines) - **Polarized capacitor:** (two parallel horizontal lines with vertical line protruding from one of them) - **Unpolarized capacitor:** (two parallel horizontal lines) - **Moisture detector:** (rectangle with three lines on top) ## Logic gates ### AND gate - **Symbal:** - A - B - AB - Z = A*B - **Truth table** | Input | Input | Output | |---|---|---| | A | B | Z| | open | open | open | | open | closed| closed | | closed | open | closed | | closed | closed | closed | ### OR gate - **Symbal:** - A - B - Z = A + B - **Truth table** | Input | Input | Output | |---|---|---| | A | B | Z | | open | open | open | | open | closed | open | | closed | open | open | | closed | closed | closed | # Plastics ## Thermosets - A substance which sets permanently once heated. - Ability to withstand high temperatures without melting. - Cannot be remoulded or reshaped. - Ideal for high-strength and stability applications. ## Thermoplastics - A plastic material which can be flexible or moldable after being heated again and again. - Meltable - Remouldable - Soft - It means that material is recyclable. ## Preservation of metals - **15000** - **-5%** - Processing recyclable materials help to increase and improve the ousting product. - When iron or steel combines with oxygen and water a powdery substance called iron oxide or rust is formed - **Corrosion** is the reaction of oxygen with metal, causing decay. ## Preserving materials through: - ***Painting*** - It's important to use primer before painting because it enhances the overall durability and longevity of the paint. - ***Galvanizing*** is the process of using zinc to coat an object to prevent corrosion. - Zinc is cheaper than iron, it doesn't corrode when exposed to water and air. Objects that have been galvanized can be seen as they have a shiny silvery grey surface. - ***Electroplating*** a way of putting a metal coating using metal in order to plate another metal. ## Ways of preserving food - Storing/freezing - Pickling - Salting/drying