The Self, Society, and Culture PDF

THE SELF, SOCIETY, AND CULTURE SUBJECT: GE 101 PROFESSOR: MR. CHRISTIAN PAUL P. RAMOS DATE: October 07 2024 KAMUSTA KA?  Separate Self-contained WHAT IS THE SELF? Independent Consistent Unita...

THE SELF, SOCIETY, AND CULTURE SUBJECT: GE 101 PROFESSOR: MR. CHRISTIAN PAUL P. RAMOS DATE: October 07 2024 KAMUSTA KA?  Separate Self-contained WHAT IS THE SELF? Independent Consistent Unitary Private  The self is ever-changing and dynamic. Social Constructionist Perspective – A merged view of the persona and their social context where the boundaries of one cannot easily be separated from the boundaries of the other. Marcel Mauss said that the self has two faces: 1. Moi – person's sense of who he is, his body, and his basic identity, his biological givenness 2. Personne – the social concepts of what it means to be who he is. GEORGE MEAD & LEV VYGOTSKY The cognitive and emotional development of a child is always a mimicry of how it is done in the social world, in the external reality where he is in. A young child internalizes values, norms, practices, and social beliefs and more through exposure to these dialogs that will eventually become part of his individual world. QUESTION: What influences personality? Nature or nurture or both? Explain. Each child is born with certain givenness, disposition coming from his parents' genes and general condition of life, the impact of one's family is still deemed as given in understanding the self. Learning is critical in our capacity to actualize our potential of becoming humans. A child absorbs and imitates whatever he/she sees around him/ her.  Heterosexual person whose sexual orientation is toward another of the opposite sex Homosexual person whose sexual orientation is toward another of the same sex (lesbian or gay) Bisexual person who may be sexually oriented to both men and women people experience a gender identity that is inconsistent with or not culturally Transsexual associated with their assigned sex, and desire to permanently transition to the gender with which they identify persons who are sexually attracted to people regardless of their sex or gender Pansexual identity Asexual people who do not experience sexual attraction people who experience their gender identity and/or gender expression as falling outside the categories of man and woman. They may define their gender as falling Non-binary/ genderqueer somewhere in between man and woman, or they may define it as wholly different from these terms people whose gender expression is different from conventional expectations of masculinity Gender non-conforming and femininity Cisgender persons who identify with the sex they were assigned at birth Transgender women vs. Cross-dressers vs. Drag queens References Alata, EJ., Caslib, BN., Serafica, JP., and Pawilen, RA. (2018) Understanding the Self. Rex Book Store. 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila Gladd Media (October, 2016). Media Reference Guide. 10th Edition. 104 West 29th Street, 4th Floor New York, NY 10001 Masanda, Argel B. (2021, June 11). Psychological Impact of Social Stigma in the LGBT Community [PowerPoint slides]. Gender and Development Office, Central Luzon State University. https://www.facebook.com/CLSUGADO/videos/3 43764857093632 ACTIVITY ESSAY – MUST BE 1 PAGE ONLY Identify your sex, gender, gender identity, and gender expression. 1. What is your preferred pronoun? How do you want to be addressed? 2. Have you ever experienced discrimination or exclusion? If YES, can you tell me what happened and what you've felt? How can we help you so that our community will be gender sensitive as well as inclusive? If NO, how would you react and feel if ever you'll be discriminated and excluded because of the way you express yourself? (Imagine your way of expression as 'weird' or 'unusual' in the eyes of the society). In your own way, what can you do to promote gender sensitivity and inclusivity? THE SELF AS COGNITIVE CONSTRUCT Course: GE 101: Understanding the Self Professor: Mr. Christian Paul P. Ramos Date: October 14-18 2024 Kamusta ka? Tara! Usap muna tayo? What is the self? ◦ It is the sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals. William James Founder of functionalism. He was one of the earliest psychologists to study the self and conceptualized the self as having two aspects – the "I" and the "me". ◦ The "I" is the thinking, acting, and feeling self. ◦ The "me" is the physical characteristics and psychological capabilities that makes who you are.  Carl Rogers Founder of client-centered therapy. His therapy aimed to make the person achieve balance between their self- concept (real-self) and ideal self. The real self refers to the attributes that an individual is aware of. Meanwhile, the ideal self refers to the self that we wish to be. A wide gap between the ideal self and the self-concept indicates incongruence and an unhealthy personality.  Sigmund Freud The Father and Founder of Psychoanalysis. The unconscious self serves as the repository of past experiences, repressed memories, fantasies, and urges. The three levels of the mind: Id (pleasure principle), Ego (reality principle) and the Superego (moral principle). The motivation for behavior is sex (eros) and aggression (thanatos). The energy of eros is called libido and such includes urges necessary for survival like thirst, hunger, and sex. Meanwhile, thanatos is directed towards destruction in the form of aggression and violence. George Mead Theory of Symbolic Interactionism – the self is created and developed through human interaction. Society helped in creating the foundations of who we are. We need others to affirm and reinforce who we think we are.  Self-evaluation Maintenance Theory – we can feel threatened Abraham Tesser when someone out-performs us, especially when that person is close to us.  Leon Festinger Social Comparison Theory – we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behaviors as well as our social status by comparing aspects of ourselves with other people. Social comparison affects our self-esteem (Downward vs. Upward Social Comparison)  Known for his theory of social learning by means of modeling. Famous for his proposed concept of self-efficacy. Albert Bandura The Social Cognitive Theory asserts that a person is both proactive and agentic, which means that we have the capacity to exercise control over our life. This theory emphasized that human beings are proactive, self-regulating, self-reflective, and self-organizing. He believes that through our agency we humans are perceived as proactive agents of experiences. Through this agents or agency we humans play a big role in our self-development, adaptation and self- renewal. We humans plan things intentionally or we do things intentionally, with doing this we wait for possible outcomes. We make our plans, actions and decision with the basis of our intention in life. Self-efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave. A strong sense of efficacy enhances human accomplishment and personal well-being in many ways. References: Alata, EJ., Caslib, BN., Serafica, JP., and Pawilen, RA (2018). Understanding the Self. Rex Book Store. 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila Amelda, Patricia (2017) Psych Nuggets: Review for Psychology. RGO Review for Psychology https://www.simplypsychology.org/carl-rogers.html. Accessed on September 14, 2021 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Freud/Toward-a-general-theory. Accessed on September 14, 2021 https://thealywayfaring.wordpress.com/2018/10/31/the-self-as-proactive-and- agentic/. Accessed on September 14, 2021 ACTIVITY Research and list 5 things to boost your self-esteem (Cite your sources). Choose 2 things that you believe will work for you. Explain each. – MUST BE 1 PAGE ONLY.