ICT Tutorial 5 - Understanding Input and Output Devices PDF

Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 1. Describe the different various input devices 2. Explain the characteristic of various display devices 3. Describe the factors that affect the quality of display monitor 4. Differentiate between a nonimpact and an impact print...

Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 1. Describe the different various input devices 2. Explain the characteristic of various display devices 3. Describe the factors that affect the quality of display monitor 4. Differentiate between a nonimpact and an impact printer. 5. Describe the characteristics of various printers and other output devices 1. Describe the different various input devices a. What is Input? Input is any data or instructions entered into a memory of a computer b. Distinguish between OCR (optical character recognition) and OMR (optical mark recognition) and provide examples where each of them is being used. OMR is a system which can read marks written in pen or pencil. The places where the pen or pencil marks can be made are clearly shown on the form. Since there is no typing, it is more accurate than keying in the data. OMR devices are used to read questionnaires, multiple-choice examination papers and many other types of form where responses are registered in the form of lines or shaded areas. Optical character recognition (OCR) is a software that takes scanned text and converts it into a computer readable form. OCR are used is in the processing of passports and identity cards. OCR is used when scanning in documents so that the text can be modified using various application packages such as word processors, desktop publishers and presentation software c. Distinguish between OMR (optical mark recognition) and Magnetic ink Character Recognition (MICR) and provide examples where each of them is being used. OMR is a system which can read marks written in pen or pencil. The places where the pen or pencil marks can be made are clearly shown on the form. Since there is no typing, it is more accurate than keying in the data. OMR devices are used to read questionnaires, multiple-choice examination papers and many other types of form where responses are registered in the form of lines or shaded areas. MICR devices read characters printed with magnetized ink (containing iron particles). A MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process 1 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES These characters are converted into a form that the computer can understand and then stored in a computer file. Banking industry uses MICR for check processing d. Describe the commonly used input methods. a. Keyboard : Keyboards are the most common input devices used to input text, numbers and instructions into a computer or mobile device There are various types of keyboards, besides the standard keyboards found on desktops An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries (RSI) Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace b. Reading devices An optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read characters, marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process There are various input reading devices which can read text, codes and characters: 1. Optical mark recognition (OMR) OMR is a system which can read marks written in pen or pencil. The places where the pen or pencil marks can be made are clearly shown on the form. Uses - OMR devices are used to read questionnaires, multiple- choice examination papers and many other types of form where responses are registered in the form of lines or shaded areas. 2. Optical character recognition (OCR) Optical character recognition (OCR) is a software that takes scanned text and converts it into a computer readable form. OCR are used is in the processing of passports and identity cards. OCR is used when scanning in documents so that the text can be modified using various application packages such as word processors, desktop publishers and presentation software 3. Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) MICR devices read characters printed with magnetized ink (containing iron particles). A MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process These characters are converted into a form that the computer can understand and then stored in a computer file. Banking industry uses MICR for check processing 4. Quick Response (QR) codes A QR code is another type of barcode. It is made up of a matrix of filled in dark squares on a light background. It stores information in both a vertical and horizontal direction 5. A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner uses laser beams to read information in the form of bar codes 2 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES a. The readers are usually in the form of a barcode scanner and are often built into POS terminals in supermarkets. b. Barcode scanners are used in supermarkets and other shops where the goods are marked with a barcode. c. The barcodes are used to give information about the product, which enables automatic stock control, itemized billing, etc. to take place. d. They are used in libraries, to scan both users’ library cards and barcodes on books, in order to keep track of books on loan. e. They are used as a safety function in many companies to ensure that electrical equipment is checked on a regular basis. f. Barcodes are placed on an item to identify it and a database holds all the information related to that barcode so it is possible to interrogate the system as part of a safety audit. 6. Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers RFID readers uses radio waves or signals to read and capture information stored on a tag placed in or attached to an object or a person The RFID tag can be read from a distance of several meters and is made up of two components 1. A microchip that stores and process information 2. An antenna that is used to receive and transmit data/information. RFID readers reads information stored on the tag via radio waves RFID can track: a) Tracking times of runners in a marathon b) Tracking location of people and other items c) Managing inventory d) Gauging temperature and pressure of tires on a vehicle e) Checking out library books f) Providing access to rooms or buildings 7. Magnetic Stripe readers They read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards which contains useful information such as account number, expiry date and start date. They are used on credit/debit cards, entertainment cards, bank cards for use at ATM, identification cards – security to allow entry to buildings or hotel rooms. 2. Explain the characteristic of various display devices a. What is Output? b. What are the 4 types of output? c. What are output devices? Give examples Output is data that has been processed into a useful form. 4 types of outputs are text, graphics, audio and video information. 3 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices are any hardware components that conveys information to one or more people. Commonly used output devices include displays devices, printers, speakers, headphones, and earbuds; data projectors, interactive whiteboards. 3. Describe the factors that affect the quality of display monitor The quality of a display depends primarily on its: 1. Resolution: is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device. A higher resolution uses a greater number of pixels and provides a sharper and clearer image. 2. Response time: is the time in milliseconds (ms) that it takes to turn a pixel on or off, usually between 3 to 16 ms. The lower the number the faster the response time. 3. Brightness: is measured in nits, usually from 250 to 550 nits. A nit is a unit of visible light intensity equal to one candela (formerly called candlepower). The candela is the standard unit of luminous intensity. The higher the nits, the brighter the images. 4. Dot pitch: sometimes called pixel pitch is the distance in millimeters between pixels on a display device. The lower the number the sharper the image. 5. Contrast ratio: describes the difference in light intensity between th brightest white and darkest black that can be displayed on and LCD monitor. Range from 500:1 to 2000:1. The higher contrast ratios represent better colors. 4. Differentiate between a nonimpact and an impact printer. a. A nonimpact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually contacting the paper. Some spray ink, while others use heat or pressure to create images. b. E.gInk-jet printers, Photo printers , Laser printers, All-in-one printers , Thermal printers, Mobile printers, Plotters , Large-format printers c. Impact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper. These printers produce near letter quality output which is print quality slightly less clear than what is acceptable for business letters. E.g dot-matrix printer and line printer. 5. Problem Solving a. Incorrect Resolution – You installed a new video card that supports higher resolutions. After installing the video card and turning on the computer, the components of the Windows desktop (taskbar, icon and gadgets) appear 4 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES larger than normal. You attempt to change the resolution but Windows will not allow the resolution to be set any higher than 640x480. You know that your new video card can support higher resolutions. What are possible reasons that the above problem arises. What are your next steps. b. Monitor Not working – You just purchased a second monitor for your computer. When you plug in the monitor, turn on the computer and start Windows, the new monitor does not display an image. What steps will you take to display an image correctly on your new second monitor. c. Printer Error – Your printer is displaying an error message stating that the toner needs to be replaced; however, the print quality is acceptable each time you print a document. Why might the printer ask you to change the tone when it is still printing acceptable copies? Students will try to resolve the problems as discussed or provide their own answers. 5 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES Multiple Choice Questions Question Answer 1. A(n)_________ keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain C injuries of their wrists and hands a. Gaming keyboard b. Cordless keyboard c. Ergonomic keyboard d. Functional keyboard 2. The quality of an output display depends primarily on the following except B _________ a. resolution b. memory storage c. response time d. brightness 3. The computer hardware commonly used input methods include the following D except ___________ a. pointing devices b. touch screens c. scanners and reading devices d. optical discs 4. A(n) ___________ has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries D of their wrists and hands a. on-screen key b. cordless keyboard c. gaming keyboard d. ergonomic keyboard 5. An ergonomic keyboard or Ergonomics in general designed to enhance the D workplace environment except ________ a. comfort b. efficiency c. safety d. clean 6. The computer hardware commonly used input method ___________ A 6 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES a. pointing devices b. monitor c. printer d. optical discs 7. Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers can manage and track the following A except ________ a. capture video and still images b. gauging temperature and pressure of tires on a vehicle c. checking out library books d. providing access to rooms or buildings 8. The quality of an output display depends primarily on the following ________ D a. resolution b. response time c. dot pitch d. all of the above 9. A ___________ card is a credit card, entertainment card, bank card with a stripe C that stores information identifying you and the card such as name, account number, card’s expiration date. a. secure digital high capacity b. secure digital stripe c. magnetic stripe d. microSDHC 10. Architects, mapmakers, designers, artists and home users create drawings and C sketches on a _____ a. trackball b. terminal c. graphics tablet d. touchpad 11. _______ is the computer or mobile device’s capability of distinguishing spoken D words. a. Voice input b. VOIP c. MIDI d. Voice recognition 7 Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 12. With ______, the computer will detect human motions. C a. head-mounted pointer b. on-screen keyboard c. gesture recognition d. computerized implant 13. RFID is a technology that uses ______to communicate with a tag placed in or C attached to an objects, an animal or a person. a. thin wire b. pixels, c. radio signals d. light waves 8  Tutorial 5 :Chapter 5 - UNDERSTANDING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES True/False Questions True False An input device is any hardware component that allows users to display data False 1. and instructions into a computer. (input) A touchpad is a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to True 2. pressure and motion To capture a signature, a user speaks his or name into a signature capture pad False 3. A whiteboard is a meeting between two or more geographically separated False people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data 4. (Videocon ference) A scanner is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and True 5. then translates the results into a form the computer can process Data is a collection of processed items which can include text, numbers, images, False audios and video. 6. (Informati on) A scanner is a sound-sensing input device that converts printed text and images False into a form the computer can process 7. (ligh- sensing) An output device is any hardware component that conveys data from a False computer or mobile device to one or more people (Informati 8. on) Quick Response (QR) code is made up of a matrix of filled in dark squares on a True light background which stores information in both a vertical and horizontal 9. direction False A graphic keyboard is an electronic plastic board that detects and converts 14. movements of a style or digital pen into signals that are sent to the computer graphics tablet The form of output generated by a computer varies depending on the hardware True 15. and software being used and the requirements of the user A graphic tablet is an electronic plastic board that detects and converts True 16. movements of a style or digital pen into signals that are sent to the computer 9