Human Nutrition 3-1 PDF

Prepared by :Mohamed elmasry Food industries Demonstrator Second year of biotechnology Department Practical part of Human Nutrition 1 - A Woman whose actual weight is 63 kg and her height is 179 cm. she is 35 years old. She underwent a simple surgery and then left the hospital. She then u...

Prepared by :Mohamed elmasry Food industries Demonstrator Second year of biotechnology Department Practical part of Human Nutrition 1 - A Woman whose actual weight is 63 kg and her height is 179 cm. she is 35 years old. She underwent a simple surgery and then left the hospital. She then underwent some laboratory tests and it turned out that her weight was 12% less than her ideal weight and that there was a decrease in albumin concentration at a rate of (3.5 g / mm of blood). Knowing that she eats 2200 Kcal, how much energy does she need to treat malnutrition? Solution Calculating the need of energy for woman based on Harris and Benedict’s equitation 1 – Calculating BMR for woman BMR = 665 + ( 9.65 × w(kg) + (1.85× Height (cm) – (4.68 × age) = 665 + (9.65 × 63 + (1.85× 179 – (4.68 × 35) = 1424.63 Kcal 2- Calculating the amount of energy required by the patient based on EEA = BMR × 1.3 = 1424.63 × 1.3 = 1852, 01 Kcal 3- Calculating the amount of energy based on the damage factor = the amount of energy required by the patient based on EEA × 1.2 = 1852.01 × 1.2 = 2222.42 Kcal 2- If a person eats 2000 Kcal a day and the energy allocated to vital activities and body functions is 1500 Kcal, what is the positive energy balance? Positive energy balance= energy consumed in food - energy allocated to activities = 2000 – 1500 = + 500 Kcal Excess energy and causing obesity = 500 Kcal. 3- If a person eats 2500 Kcal a day and the energy allocated to activities is 3500 Kcal, what is the Negative energy balance? Negative energy balance= 2500 – 3500 = - 1000 Kcal Missing energy and causing Slimness = 1000 Kcal. 4- An obesity man whose ideal weight is 76.8 kg and his height is 178 cm. Calculate the daily energy need for this man knowing that the EEA represents 30% Of BMR then Create a diet plan with high content of Carbohydrates. 1- = Ideal weight × 24 = 1843.2 Kcal / day 2- = energy expended on BMR × 0.3 = 552.96 Kcal / DAY 3- SDA = (BMR + EEA) × 0.1 = (1843.2 + 552.96) × 0.1 = 239.61 Kcal/ day 4- Total need of energy = BMR + EEA + SDA = 1843.2 + 552.96 + 239.61 = 2635.77 Kcal Secondly: - Create a diet plan: you should Cut Kcal in half = 2635.77 ÷ 2 = 1317.88 Kcal  % Kcal which comes from protein = ( 15 – 20% ) average 12.5% = × 1317.88 = 164.735 Kcal  % Kcal which comes from Fat = ( 20-30% ) average 25% = × 1317.88 = 329.47 Kcal  % Kcal which comes from Carbohydrates = ( 55-60%) average 57.5%) = = × 1317.88 = 757.781 Kcal The amount of energy by protein: 1 g protein ------------ 4 Kcal A g Protein ----------- 164.735 Kcal A = 164.735 ÷ 4 = 41.18 g 1 Prepared by :Mohamed elmasry Food industries Demonstrator Second year of biotechnology Department Practical part of Human Nutrition 1 gm. Fat ----------- 9 Kcal B gm. Fat ----------- 329.47 Kcal B = 329.47 ÷ 9 = 36.60 g 1 gm. Carbohydrates ---------------- 4 Kcal C gm. Carbohydrates -------------- 757.781 Kcal C= 757.781 ÷ 4 = 189.45 g Reasons of obesity  Eat in large quantities  A diet rich in simple carbohydrates (such as a piece of basbousa, equivalent to 4 to 5 loaves of bread).  Drugs such as most depression drugs, which are considered appetite stimulants – cortisone – insulin in the case of diabetes  Diseases (underactive thyroid gland – insulin resistance – increased cortisone – ovarian cysts). The other ways to estimate obesity 1 – Waistline: - If it is greater than 102 cm in men and greater than 88 cm in females, this is evidence of the risk of obesity 2- Waist to hip ratio: If it is greater than 0.8 in females and greater than 1 in men, this is evidence of the risk of obesity. 1 - CBC: - To determine the level of hemoglobin (we detect the presence of anemia. 2- Lipid profile: - Complete cholesterol test, which is a blood analysis that can measure the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. This test helps determine the risk of fatty deposits accumulating in the arteries, which can then lead to atherosclerosis. 3- Hemoglobin A1C: - It is used to determine the amount of glucose or sugar bound to hemoglobin in the blood. 4- F3, F4, TSH: Thyroid gland analysis to determine if the gland is underactive and to discover any abnormalities 5- Analysis of worms and Helicopter pylori Types of diets  1- Balanced ( Ideal ) :- 55-60 % Carb – 15-20% Protein - 20-30% Fats  2- Keto diet :- 10% Carb – 20% Protein – 70% Fat  3- Actin diet :- 20% Carb – 50% protein – 30% Fat  4- Zone diet :- 40% Carb – 30% Protein – 30% Fat  5- Vegetarian :- for acts and most European countries  6- Wet matches :- 55-60 % Carb – 15-20% Protein - 20-30% Fats + Exercises  7- Saws beach :- Balanced with less fat  8- Rao : foods that are not chemically treated or processed  8- Mediterranean diet :- 30% unsaturated fats like olive oil  9- Sonoma diet: first 10 days vegetables – second 10 days vegetables + Fruit – third 10 days lots of fruit and protein in range of 1000 Kcal. 2 Prepared by :Mohamed elmasry Food industries Demonstrator Second year of biotechnology Department Practical part of Human Nutrition 10- Intermittent fasting  Secretion of growth hormone, which helps build and maintain muscles and helps loss fat  Reducing the incidence of diabetes  Improve insulin resistance  Reducing cholesterol and harmful fats  Reducing the incidence of cancer  Getting rid of constant hunger  Helps get rid of Stubborn Fat Principles of Keto diet Stay away from eating sugars and starches completely Stay away from harmful fats such as hydrogenated oils (supply oil – sunflower oil) and use healthy fats such as olive oil, coconut oil, almond oil, ghee and animal butter Stay away from all legumes and some fruits The types of protein used are meat, poultry, fish, eggs, tuna, cottage cheese, cream and cream Cooked vegetables such as vegetable soup, meat or chicken soup Relying on the percentage of carbohydrates on green salads Insulin resistance 3