HRE-TERMS PDF

Visual Acuity Macroscopic - ability to see fine details of an object - It is essential to understand the interaction of the individual measures in order to fully Peripheral Vision...

Visual Acuity Macroscopic - ability to see fine details of an object - It is essential to understand the interaction of the individual measures in order to fully Peripheral Vision analyze the operational performance of - ability to see objects beyond the cone of the traffic stream clearest vision Jam Density Color Vision - High density condition - ability to differentiate one color from another Highway Bottleneck - Some of the most severe congestion Depth Perception problems occur - affects the ability of a person to estimate speed and distance Interrupted Flow - Traffic streams that operate under the Class A influence of signals and stop signs are - in the three classes of bicyclist, in this classified as class belongs the experienced or advanced bicyclist Traffic flow, speed and density are variables that form the underpinnings of Static Characteristics traffic analysis - vehicle characteristics that includes the weight and size of vehicle Time Headway - The time between the passage of front Sight Distance bumpers of successive vehicles, at some - the length of the roadwat a driver can see designated highway point a head at any particular time Poisson Model Specular Glare - Models that account for the non-uniformity - when the image decrease in visibility and flow are derived by assuming that the causes discomfort to the eyes pattern of vehicle arrivals (at a specified point) corresponds to some random Bicycles process - important component of the highway mode, especially for highways located in Under extreme conditions, queuing delay urban areas can account for 90% or more of a motorist's total trip travel time Decision Sight Distance - distance required for a driver to detect an The simplistic approach to vehicle arrival unexpected or otherwise different to modeling is to assume that all vehicles are perceive information source or hazard in a equally or uniformly spaced roadway environment that may be visually cluttered Peak Hour - vehicle arrivals during the period of Uninterrupted Flow analysis (typically the highest hourly - freeways, multilanes, highways and two volume within a 24 hour period) will likely lane highways often operate under be non uniform uninterrupted flow conditions. Level of Service A Stopping Sight Distance - represents free flow conditions (traffic - the minimum sight distance required for a operating at free flow speeds) driver to stop a vehicle after seeing an object in the vehicle's path without hitting Level of Service C the object - Has speeds at or near free flow speeds, but the freedom to maneuver is noticeably Pedestrian restricted (lane changes require careful - the major user of the roadway and when attention on the part of drivers) the system fails, he/she is a major victim Uninterrupted flow roadways Passing Sight Distance - base conditions can be categorized as - the minimum sight distance required on a those relating to roadway conditions, two lane, two way highway that will permit such as lane widths, lateral clearances, a driver to complete a passing maneuver access frequency and terrain without colliding with an opposing vehicle and without cutting off the passed vehicle Free Flow Speed(FFS) - the speed of traffic as the traffic density Perception Reaction Process approaches zero Multilane highways- - the process through which a driver, cyclist, usually have four or six lanes both or pedestrian evaluates and reacts to a directions stimulus Service Measure Flexible Pavement - due to the large degree of similarity - constructed with Asphaltic cement and between multilane highway and freeway aggregates and usually consists of 4 facilities, density is also the service layers measure (performance measure used fir determining level of service) for multilane Pavement Design highways - costliest item in highway construction Two lane Highways Field Density Test - defined as roadways with one lane - a quality control test carried out at site for available in each direction knowing the increased density or compaction achieved Average Travel - Is an indicator of the mobility on a two lane Sub-base highway - layer that consists of crushed aggregates and usually 4 to 6 inches in Flexible Basic Freeway Segment Pavement - defined as a section of a divided roadway having two or more lanes in each The soil becomes weak in Rainy Season direction, full access control, and traffic that is unaffected by merging or diverging A contraction joint is provided in concrete movements near ramps pavement to prevent contraction of the pavement Power - the rate at which work is done The position of base course in a flexible pavement is over the sub base Initial Cost and Long Term Maintenance Cost Screen Line Counts -The two faces of cost in Pavement Design - study area is divided into large sections by running imaginary lines known as Rigid Pavement screen lines across it - wherein initial cost are high and low maintenance cost Speed - rate at which someone or something is True able to move or operate - General project information. For this, factors such as base/sub base Traffic Lights construction month, pavement - colored lights, typically red, amber and construction month and month that the green for controlling traffic at road junction pavement is open to traffic car needed and crosswalk because these factors can affect pavement performance criteria On-Street Parking Facility - also known as curb facilities; parking bays Traffic Study are provided alongside the curb on one or - an elaborate investigation and meticulous both sides of the street analysis of the transportation system in a specific area, which is supported by an Off-street Parking Facility expensive collection of data - facilities that may be privately or publicly owned; they include surface lots and Spot Speed garages - studies that are conducted to estimate the distribution of speeds of vehicles in a Inventories stream of traffic at a particular location on - one of the main categories in traffic highway studies that provide a list or graphic display of existing information, such as Traffic Volume street widths, parking spaces, transit - studies that are conducted to collect data routes, traffic regulations and so forth on the number of vehicles and/or pedestrians that pass a point on a Spot Speed Study highway facility during a specified time - carried out by recording the speeds of a period sample of vehicles at a specified location Electronic Principle Detectors Dynamic Traffic - in this method, the presence of vehicles - involves the collection of data under is detected through electronic means and operational conditions and include studies information on these vehicles is obtained, of speed, traffic volume, travel time and from which traffic characteristics, such as delay, parking and crashes speed, volume, queues, and headways are computed Modal Speed - speed value that occurs most frequently in Travel Times and Delay Study a sample of spot speed - determines the amount of time required to travel from one point to another on a given Probability Theory route. In conducting such study, - used to determine the sample sizes for information may also be collected on the traffic engineering studies locations, dudations, and causes of delays Traffic Volume Studies Urban transportation planning is the - conducted to collect data on the numbef of process that leads to decisions on vehicles and/or pedestrians that pass a transportation policies and programs point on a highway facility during a specified time period The commodity movement to and from the external locations are known as external Peak Hour Volume commodity movement - maximum number of vehicles that pass a point on a highway during a period of 60 Mode choice model estimates how many consecutive minutes people will use public transit and how many will use private automobiles Cordon Counts - information is required on vehicle Public Transport Travel Information accumulation within an area during a - IT's technology used in public transport specified time Polynomial Street System Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) - measure of travel along section of road - not an urban road system - product of traffic volume Transportation System Average Speed Technique - a fundamental part of logistics and - involves driving the test car along the planning whenever vehicles are used to length of test section at a speed that, in move people or items from one location to the opinion of the driver, is the average another speed of the traffic stream Land Transportation Office Railways - agency of the Philippine government - rail transport is where trains runs along a under the Department of Transportation set of two parallel steel rails responsible for all land transportation in the Philippines BRTS is a highly efficient public transport concept designed to need Boeing growing transport demands in cities - designs, manufactures and sells around the world airplanes, rotorcrafts, rockets, satellites, telecommunications equipment and Discrete choice models are being missiles worldwide; the company also increasingly used to understand travel provides leasing and product supports behavior of commuters in urban areas services The Gravity Model for trip distribution gets Space Transportation its name from the fact that it is - transport people and cargo to and from conceptually based on the Newton's law of orbiting spacecraft, and glide to a runway Gravitation landing on its return to Earth's surface Trip Generation is the first stage of the Rail Transportation classical first generation aggregate - means of transferring passengers and demand model goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails Cycling - also referred to as biking or the use of bicycle; this means of transportation is often used for conveying people or goods within short and moderate distance trips The Philippine National Railway - state owned railway company in the Philippines which operates one commuter rail services between Metro Manila and Laguna The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines - the national aviation authority of the Philippines and is responsible for implementing policies on civil aviation to assure safe, economic and efficient air travel The Light Rail Transit Authority - public transport operator that is responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance and/or lease of Manila Light Rail Transit System in the Philippines. Founded by Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos on July 12, 1980 The Civil Aeronautics Board - a government agency of the Philippines to the Department of Transportation tasked to tregulate, promote and develop the economic aspect of air transportation in the Philippines