Human Rights Lecture 3-4 PDF

Human Rights Lecture 3 - 4 Dr. Mona Mahmoud Equity vs. Equality: What’s the Difference?  Equality means each individual or group of people is given the same resources or chances. Equity recognizes that each person has different circumstances and allocates the exact resources and op...

Human Rights Lecture 3 - 4 Dr. Mona Mahmoud Equity vs. Equality: What’s the Difference?  Equality means each individual or group of people is given the same resources or chances. Equity recognizes that each person has different circumstances and allocates the exact resources and opportunities needed to reach an equal outcome. Human Rights are Never Absolute Human is a social creature and he lives in a civic society, which always put certain restrictions on the enjoyment of his rights and freedoms. Human rights as such are those limited powers or claims, which are contributory to the common good and which are recognized and guaranteed by the State, through its laws to the individuals. As such each right has certain limitations What are the responsibilities that come with rights?' Right: I have a right to feel safe Responsibility: I have a responsibility to behave in a way that will keep myself and others safe. Right: I have a right to speak freely and express my ideas and opinions Responsibility: I have a responsibility to be respectful to other people's ideas and opinions even if they are different to mine.  Right: I have the right to be treated the same as everyone else, no matter my age, sex, race, nationality, beliefs or other personal characteristics. Responsibility: I have a responsibility to treat others equally, without discrimination. What might happen to your rights if no one acted on the responsibilities you have discussed? Which human right is represented in this picture? Everyone has the right to education. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights you have the right to go to school and primary school education should be free. You should be able to learn a profession or continue your studies to whatever level you wish. Which human right is represented in this picture?  Everyone has the right to take part in the government of their country. Once we are over 18, we can exercise our right to vote in elections and decide the future of our country. Everyone should have a vote and all votes should be counted equally. Which human right is represented in this picture?  Everyone has the right to seek asylum from persecution If you are being harmed, or believe you are in danger of being harmed, in your own country, you have the right to go to another country and ask for protection. Which human right is represented in this picture?  Everyone has the right to express his opinion and You have the right to have your own ideas and opinions and to express them to others. We exercise this freedom of speech whenever we text, tweet, or use any other forms of media to publicly express our opinion. However, this doesn't mean you have a right to say whatever you want. Sometimes a situation can occur when a particular right may be in conflict with another right. For example, your right to express an opinion should not come at the cost of someone else's right to be treated with respect. Which human right is represented in this picture?  Everyone has the right to a decent standard of living You have the right to the things you need to live a healthy and prosperous life. This includes food, clothing, housing and medical care and social services. Defining human rights in the domestic law of countries It means the just legal rules that govern the relationship between the state and its people, and it constitutes the method of state governance that is based on justice instead of injustice, and on democracy instead of dictatorship and absolute rule. It is meant to represent internal law the practical reality of human rights within the state. Defining human rights in international law International law for the protection of human rights is the set of rules and principles set In international declarations and treaties, which secure the rights and freedoms of individuals and peoples The protection of international human rights law is based on the fact that they are universal rights, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated. The international community must treat these rights equally comprehensive and equitable. Human rights law is both international and national law. Its national basis is embodied in national constitutions and legislation that aim to protect human rights, As for the international basis for its embodied in the International Bill of Human Rights, which is represented by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The International Covenant on Economic, Civil and Political Rights issued in 1966, The International Covenant on Rights Economic, social and cultural issued in 1966, in addition to a number of other charters international organization concerned with the protection of human rights. human rights sources First: International human rights sources 1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 2 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. 3 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. 4 International declarations and documents issued within the framework of the United Nations related to human rights. Second :Written historical sources such as: 1- The Magna Carta of Great Britain issued on June 12, 1215 AD. 2- The Bill of Rights prepared by the English Parliament on June 7, 1628 AD. 3- The American Declaration of Independence issued on July 4, 1776 AD. 4- Declaration on the Rights of Man and the French Citizen, promulgated by the French Parliament in1789  Third: Legal national sources It means legislation.. the Constitution Law Regulations Fourth: complementary sources It means judicial decisions and jurisprudence opinions The judicial decisions related to human rights Jurisprudence opinion in matters of human rights