Early Christian Architecture PDF

EARLY CHRISTIAN 4TH CENTURY A.D. TIMELINE Near-East Greek Early Christian Pre-historic Egyptian Roman Byzantine  01 INFLUENCES GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE Christianity had its birth in Judea, Eastern provinc...

EARLY CHRISTIAN 4TH CENTURY A.D. TIMELINE Near-East Greek Early Christian Pre-historic Egyptian Roman Byzantine  01 INFLUENCES GEOGRAPHICAL INFLUENCE Christianity had its birth in Judea, Eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. Early Christian Architecture was influenced by the existing Roman art.  GEOLOGICAL INFLUENCE The ruins of the Roman buildings provided quarry where materials were obtained. This influence of the style for construction, decoration for columns, & other architectural features as well as fine sculpture and mosaic from older building which were turn into basilican churches of the new faith. CLIMATIC INFLUENCE RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE In 63 BC, the Romans conquered Judea in the Eastern Mediterranean Main inhabitants were the Jews Jews believed that one day the “Messiah” or “Christ” would free them from the Romans Christianity spread out rapidly and was an important factor in the development of early Christian architecture & inspired the building of some of the greatest architectural monuments. Constantine & Licinus issued their celebrated edict of Milan giving Christianity equal right with other religions and Constantine made it the official religion. SOCIAL & POLITICAL INFLUENCE Constantine was the prime character but was not proclaimed Emperor; he removed his empire from Rome to Byzantium and developed a new style of Architecture. The final phase of Roman Architecture from 4th to 6th Century, primarily in church building  02 CHARACTER PLANS WALLS OPENINGS ROOFS COLUMNS MOULDINGS ORNAMENTATION  03 STRUCTURES BASILICAN CHURCES Roman basilicas as models Usually erected over the burial place of the saint to whom it was dedicated Unlike Greek and Roman temples that sheltered gods, the purpose of the Christian church was to shelter worshippers Came in a complex, with cathedral, belfry or campanile, and baptistery Church of Nativity, Bethlehem - founded by Constantine, built over the traditional birth of Christ BASILICAN CHURCES Fine sculptures and mosaics worked into new basilicas Paid little regard to external architectural effect Entrance at west Priest stood behind altar, facing east Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem - founded by Constantine, built over the reputed tomb of Christ BAPTISTERIES Used only for sacramenta of baptism, on festivals of Easter, Pentecost and Epiphany Large separate building from church, sometimes adjoined atrium The Baptistery of Constantine, Rome - by Sixtus III, dedicated to Constantine, oldest among the Italian Baptisteries TOMBS OR CATACOMBS Christians objected to cremation, insisted on burial on consecrated ground Land for burials had become scarce and expensive a Monumental tombs became expressions of faith in immortality Cemeteries or catacombs were excavated below ground Several stories extending downwards Usually domed and enriched with lavish mosaic decorations walls and ceilings were lavishly decorated with paintings mixing pagan symbolism with scenes from the bible  Slidesgo CRÉDITOS: Esta plantilla para presentaciones es una creación de Slidesgo, e End of Presentation Flaticon Freepik incluye iconos de Flaticon, infografías e imágenes de Freepik y contenido de Eliana Delacour For more details, you may visit: https://archi-monarch.com/early-christian-architecture/ [email protected]