History Term 4 PDF

Definitions Frontier - an area of land where to different groups meet and fight for land Expanding Frontier - where one begins to control more land Trekboers - Dutch farmers who expanded european settlements into the interior in South Africa , clashing with the xhosa over land and cattle Fish River -...

Definitions Frontier - an area of land where to different groups meet and fight for land Expanding Frontier - where one begins to control more land Trekboers - Dutch farmers who expanded european settlements into the interior in South Africa , clashing with the xhosa over land and cattle Fish River - The Dutch trekboers publicly announced without consulting the xhosa that the eastern frontier would separate their land from Xhosa territory. Zuurveld - The fertile area between the Sundays and The Fish Rivers Governor Lord Macartney - The official appointed by the british government to govern the cape , he introduced british laws and customs Colonel Robert Jacob Gordon - a dutch military officer who negotiated with the british but eventually surrendered the cape to them. Colonel John Graham - He led the british forces in the 4th frontier war , clearing the xhosa from the zuurveld and securing the land for british settlers Ordinance 50 - British passed a law granting the khoi and other free people of colour the same legal rights of European Settlers Andries Stockenström - colonist and soldier during 4th and 5th frontier wars and was the lieutenant Governor of the Eastern cape. David Stuurman - a khoikhoi leader who fought for the rights of his people and helped enslaved people escape , he resisted british control and was eventually exiled to australia \ Chief Maqoma - A respected Xhosa leader who fought against British expansion in the 6th, 7th and 8th Frontier Wars Great Trek- The migration of Boer families from the Cape Colony to the interior between 1835 and 1841, seeking freedom from British rule and laws Voortrekkers - Boer pioneers who left the Cape Colony to establish independent republics in the interior of South Africa. Andries Pretorius - A leader of the Voortrekkers who played a key role in their victory at the Battle of Blood River King Dingane - The Zulu king who fought against the Voortrekkers during the Great Trek ( Zulu were defeated ) Khoisan - The San, who had been driven from their hunting & gathering areas, often joined the Khoikhoi, who had lost their cattle & grazing lands - they formed the Khoisan. Harry Smith - In 1848, Harry Smith, the Cape Governor, claimed the land between the Gariep and Vaal Rivers for Britain, calling it the Orange River Sovereignty—today, the Free State. Pack Oxen - oxen trained to pull loads and carry wagons The Kora - A mixed-race community of Khoikhoi, runaway slaves, and Europeans who played important roles as traders and warriors on the frontier. Kora leaders - The Kora were known for their roles as traders and mercenaries. They often worked as intermediaries, facilitating trade between settlers and African groups. Griqua - A group of people of Khoikhoi, slave and European descent, who had left the Cape in the 1700s - took their name from the Khoikhoi group (Guriqua) and saw themselves as more Khoikhoi than Dutch. Tswana leaders - Indigenous leaders who maintained trade relations with European settlers and defended their territories. Andries Waterboer - Leader of the Griqua, Waterboer, helped his people secure land and played a vital role in the frontier’s political and military struggles.