History Gal's Southern Colonies PDF

*In 1587, 100 men, women, and children settled on Roanoke Island under the leadership of John White....

*In 1587, 100 men, women, and children settled on Roanoke Island under the leadership of John White. *White’s granddaughter, Virginia Dare, was the first European born in America *Soon after they settled on Color in the location of Virginia. Roanoke Island, White returned to England to gather more supplies. *It took White nearly 3 years to return to Roanoke. When he arrived, the settlement was deserted. The only clues were the word CROATOAN carved onto the palisades and the letters CRO carved into a nearby tree. *White was certain these messages meant that the settlers were living with the Croatan Indians on Hatteras Island. *White never had the chance to find out. Stormy weather made it impossible to search for the settlers and White returned to England. *Despite several attempts, White was never able to raise the funds to return to America to find his family and the other settlers.  Joint stock companies financed colonies by having investors pay a share (portion) of the cost Profits (and losses) were shared by all of the investors thus lessening the risk. 1. The settlement was on a swamp. 2. The gentlemen refused to work. 3. The winter was really, really bad. 4. The Native Americans were not friendly. Swamps are breeding grounds for mosquitoes and all of the diseases they carry. Plus, it’s always a bad idea to go to the bathroom right next to where you get your drinking water. John Smith emerged as Jamestown’s leader and, among other things, he declared that those who didn’t work, wouldn’t eat. In 1609, things were so bad, the colonists boarded a ship to leave only to be met by a ship with supplies and more colonists so they returned to Jamestown.  In 1612, John Rolfe and his wife, Pocahontas, experimented with growing tobacco and developed Virginia’s first profitable export. *Growing tobacco was very labor intensive, FREE LAND but also hugely profitable. *The Virginia Company *9,000 came, but only 2,000 survived! offered free land to people who settled in Jamestown. *Indentured servants were first used to work the fields and cure the tobacco, but in 1619, the first enslaved Africans were brought to Jamestown. *In March 1622, Native Americans Only property owners could vote to elect killed 25% of the European representatives to the settlers in Jamestown. House of Burgesses. In 1619, the first legislature made up of elected representatives in North America was established at Jamestown. In 1624, the debt-ridden Virginia Company’s charter was revoked. Virginia became a  *Nathaniel Bacon raised an unauthorized militia of indentured servants, slaves, and poor *In response, Despite what you might think, the farmers to retaliate Virginia Governor rebellion had nothing to do with pigs. against a series of William Berkeley Instead it was about people being Native American gathered an army upset with the government of Virginia. attacks on the Virginia frontier. to fight against Bacon and his men *Bacon and his men attacked and destroyed Jamestown *The rebellion ended soon after Bacon’s death from dysentery. His co-conspirators were hanged. *Some scholars believe that *First colonial rebellion Bacon had an ulterior motive against royal control. instead of simply being upset with Governor Berkeley’s *White farmers and refusal to retaliate against the landholders were given more Native Americans. rights, but the planter class *Perhaps, he had a personal remained in power. vendetta against Berkeley or perhaps, he was financed by *Laws making Africans some people who wanted hereditary slaves were passed. Berkeley removed from power.  He was a Catholic who convinced King Charles I to grant him 100 million acres for persecuted Catholics to settle. Maryland was settled as a PROPRIETARY COLONY like New York and Pennsylvania. This meant that the owner of the colony was the ruler, not the British king or queen. Color in the location of Maryland. *Baltimore died before he was able to do anything with the land. His son, Cecil Calvert, took over managing the colony. *He offered 100 acres to every married couple who settled in Maryland. *Protestants took advantage of his offer and this Catholic haven became mostly Protestant.  *King Charles II granted 8 supporters land in the Carolinas. *With easy access to the trade in the West Indies, people settled in the Carolinas to grow rice, indigo, and tobacco. Use different colors The eight of you really helped to color in the me keep my head during the locations of North English Civil War. How can I and South Carolina. ever thank you? *Cash Crops are grown for the purpose of selling rather than being grown for just the farmer *1n 1729, Carolina to use. became a royal *These labor intensive crops colony was split required a huge labor force. into North and *By 1720, enslaved Africans outnumbered South Carolina. European settlers in the Carolinas 2:1. Color in the location of Georgia. *Georgia was established as a buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida. *It was established as a place for English debtors to go and serve their sentences. *However, Georgia never actually became a debtor colony like General Oglethorpe had envisioned. No more “mom and pop” farm *Cash crops like for us, we want to sell our tobacco to the world! tobacco, rice, indigo, and, later, cotton that needed lots of land and labor *mostly farms and plantations *not as commercial as the New England and Middle Colonies